Baixe Literatura Portuguesa II: Romantismo e Poesia e outras Notas de aula em PDF para Poesia, somente na Docsity!
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Literatura Portuguesa II
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Almeida Garrett, &DP}HV
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Literatura Portuguesa II
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A LITERATURA PORTUGUESA SEGUNDO A
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A POESIA DE ALMEIDA GARRETT
-RmR%DSWLVWDGD6LOYD/HmRGH$O meida (1799-1854), mais tarde Visconde de Almeida Garrett, foi um dos maiores nomes da Literatura Portuguesa, por sua FRQWULEXLomRFRPRHVFULWRU SRHWDGUD PDWXUJRHQVDtVWDFRQWLVWDURPDQFLVWDH missivista) e como intelectual engajado na sociedade portuguesa, atuando na vida SROtWLFDHQDLPSUHQVD&DP}HV ' %UDQFD )UHL /XtV GH 6RX]D (1843), Viagens de minha terra (1846) e )ROKDVFDtGDV VmRREUDVIDPRVDV HPVXDH[WHQVDSURGXomR 2IpOLD 3DLYD 0RQWHLUR QR DUWLJR Romantismo e modernidade , publicado na 5HYLVWD&DP}HVQ~PHUR GLVSRQtYHOHPKWWS ZZZLQVWLWXWRFDPRHV SW GLVFRUUH VREUH D LPSRUWkQFLD GH DUUHWW SDUD D FXOWXUDSRUWXJXHVD 5HÁLWDPRVVREUHRVWUHFKRVTXHVHJXHP $DEHUWXUDGHDUUHWWDR5RPDQWLVPRQRGHFXUVRGDVFRQIURQWDo}HV GRYHOKR3RUWXJDOFRPDLQVWDODomRGRUHJLPHFRQVWLWXFLRQDOLVWD VyGHÀQLWLYD DSyV ²DQRVTXHOKHWUD]HPGHFHSo}HVHH[SDWULDo}HVGRORURVDVPDV WDPEpP DODUJDPHQWRVFXOWXUDLVGHWHUPLQDQWHV QRV PHLRVHVWUDQJHLURVTXH FRQKHFH ,QJODWHUUDIUDQoDH%pOJLFD ²H[SDQGHHDSURIXQGDHVWDVSHUVSHFWLYDV Os sofrimentos pessoais e os desenganos com os sucessos portugue- VHVTXHUSHODUHVLVWrQFLDjPXGDQoDGRSDtVYHOKRTXHUSHORVGHVHQFRQWURV HQWUHDVIDFo}HVOLEHUDLVH[DFHUEDPOKHDVXEMHWLYLGDGHHRFDVLRQDPOKH PHWDPRUIRVHVQDYLVmRGHPXQGR DFHQWXHVHDFDSWDomRGDFRPSOH[LGDGH SDUDGR[DOGRKRPHP²JUDQGH]DHPLVpULD²HGRSHVRFRQIRUPDGRUGR WHPSRRROKDUGHVHQJDQRGRVREUHDH[LVWrQFLDDLQWHQVLÀFDomRGRVHQ timento religioso).
Almeida Garret (fontes: http://www. noscafora.be)
Literatura Portuguesa II
6RERHVWtPXORGHQRYDVOHLWXUDV %\URQ:6FRWW/DPDUWLQH9LFWRU Hugo, Goethe, etc.) lhe abrem o gosto e lhe pedem novas formas de ex- SUHVVmR SDUDGL]HURVPHDQGURVGDYLGDLQWHULRUDVVLQXRVLGDGHVGRMRJR VRFLDOHRUHFRUWHWmRGLYHUVRGRPXQGRUHLYLQGLFDPROGHVTXHVLJDPR ´FRUDomRμHQmRUHJUDVUHVXOWDQWHVGDLPSOLFDomR´RUJkQLFDGRFRQWH~GRH GD S H[SUHVVmR²RJUDQGHHSURVSHFWLYRSULQFtSLRURPkQWLFRGD XQLGDGHSRpWLFD1HVVHSULQFLSLRIXQGDPHQWDDOLiVGHVGHHQWmRDUHFXVD de submeter-se a escolas e modelos. (p. 22/23) *DUUHWURPkQWLFRSHQVDSRLVRDXWRUFRPRRFULDGRUGHXPXQLYHUVR ´IDEXORVRμGHVHQWUDQKDGRGHVLPHVPRHGHVXDFRPXQLGDGHTXHSRGH²H GHYH²HVWDEHOHFHUFRPRVOHLWRUHVXP´GLiORJRμ HSRULVVRYrQRHVFULWRU ÀHODRLGHDOGHFLGDGDQLDDJRUDHQULTXHFLGRFRPQRYDVSHUVSHFWLYDVXP FRRSHUDQWHQDFRQVWUXomRGD´SROLVμ DVREUDVTXHSURGX]²RUJDQL]DGDV ´UHSUHVHQWDo}HVμGRPXQGRQRVSODQRVVHPkQWLFRHHVWpWLFRVHPSUHLQGLV VRFLiYHLV²GHYHPRIHUHFHUjVRFLHGDGHLPDJHQVTXHDUHÁLWDPHDHVWLPXOHP ajudando-a a entender-se e a criticar-se. (p.25) &RQIRUPH DSRQWD D DXWRUD DUUHWW UHFHEHX R HVStULWR URPkQWLFR FRPRXPDIRUoDFDSD]GHRULHQWDUVXDSURGXomROLWHUiULDMiTXHROLEHUDYD GHFRQYHQo}HVTXHVHJXQGRDYLVmRTXHRFRQWDWRFRPRSHQVDPHQWRH DVSURGXo}HVLQJOHVDVHIUDQFHVDVOKHWURX[HMiQmRHUDPFDSD]HVGHH[ SUHVVDUVXDUHODomRFRPRPXQGRHPHVPRDYLVmRGRPXQGRFRPRXPD HVWUXWXUDFROHWLYD'HXPODGRSRUWDQWRDUUHWWYDORUL]RXDFULDomRFRPR LQVWUXPHQWRSDUDDIRUPDomRGDFRQVFLrQFLDGHQDFLRQDOLGDGHHFLGDGDQLD HGHRXWURQDGLPHQVmRSHVVRDOWUDWRXGHSUREOHPDVGHIRURLQWLPLVWD 2IDWRGHSHQVDUDIXQomRGRHVFULWRUFRQIHULXDHOHXPSDSHOLPSRUWDQWH QRVHQWLGRGHGLVVHPLQDUXPDSUHRFXSDomRSUySULDGR5RPDQWLVPRMiTXH FRPRYLPRVQDDXODVHUiQHVWHPRPHQWRTXHRHVFULWRUHRDUWLVWDHP JHUDOUHFHEHUmRXPDLPSRUWkQFLDSDUWLFXODUHWHUmRVHXVGLUHLWRVGHH[SUHVVmR SUySULDSRVLWLYDPHQWHFRQVLGHUDGRV$VVLPQDOtULFDHPHVSHFLDOTXHQHVWH PRPHQWRQRVLQWHUHVVDWDQWRHQFRQWUDUHPRVSURGXo}HVGHFDUiWHUPDLV ÀORVyÀFRRXVRFLDOTXDQWRRXWUDVFDUUHJDGDVGHVXEMHWLYLGDGH/HLDPRVH comentemos um poema:
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Literatura Portuguesa II
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ALEXANDRE HERCULANO
7DPEpPFRQVLGHUDGRIXQGDGRUGR5RPDQWLVPRHP3RUWXJDODRODGR GH*DUUHWW$OH[DQGUH+HUFXODQRGH&DUYDOKRH$UD~MR ÀFRX mais conhecido por seu valor como historiador. Liberal, teve que fugir para D,QJODWHUUDVREDPHDoDGHVHUHQIRUFDGR3DUWLFLSDGHOXWDVPLOLWDUHVQR 3RUWRDWpREWHUXPFDUJRQDELEOLRWHFD3~EOLFDGR3RUWRORFDORQGHFRPHoD DGHVHQYROYHUVHXWDOHQWRFRPRLQWHOHFWXDOHHVFULWRU$OpPGHYDVWDREUD em prosa, publicou os libros de poesia A Voz do Profeta (1836) e A Harpa GR&UHQWH TXHSHORVWtWXORVGHPRQVWUDPVHXYtQFXORFRPDUHOL JLRVLGDGH'LULJLQGRDUHYLVWD23DQRUDPDWRUQRXVHUHIHUHQWHQDVHOHomR HSXEOLFDomRGHWH[WRVLPSUHJQDGRVSHORVLGHDLVHSHODHVWpWLFDURPkQWLFD
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A praia ainda beijei, E o velho e amigo cedro No vale ainda abracei!
Nesta alma regelada Surgiu ainda o gozo, E um sonho lhe sorriu Fugaz, mas amoroso.
2KIRLVRQKRGDLQIkQFLD Desse momento o sonho! 3D]HHVSHUDQoDYLQKDP $RFRUDomRWULVWRQKR
Mas o sonhar que monta, 6HSDVVDHQmRFRQIRUWD" 0LQK·DOPDGHXHPWHUUD Como se fosse morta.
)RLDHVSHUDQoDQXYHP 4XHRYHQWRVRPHiWDUGH Facho de guerra aceso Em labaredas arde!
'RIUDWULFtGLRDOXYD ,UPmRDLUPmRODQoDUD E o grito: ai do vencido! Nos montes retumbara.
$VDUPDVVHKmRFUX]DGR 2SyPRUGHXRIRQH Caiu: dorme tranquilo: Deu-lhe repouso a morte.
Ao menos, nestes campos Sepulcro conquistou, E o adro dos estranhos 6HXVRVVRVQmRJXDUGRX
(OHKHUGDUiDRPHQRV Aos seus honrado nome; Paga de curta vida 6HUOKHiODUJRUHQRPH
Literatura Portuguesa II
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SEGUNDO MOMENTO
2VHJXQGRPRPHQWRGDOLWHUDWXUDURPkQ WLFDSRUWXJXHVDWDOFRPRYLPRVFRP0RLVpV caracterizou-se pelo Ultra-romantismo. Entre RV SRHWDV FLWDGRV SRU 0RLVpV GHVWDFRXVH principalmente, Soares de Passos (1826-1860). Negro pessimismo e uma poesia chamada de ´SRHVLDGDGHFRPSRVLomRμFDUDFWHUL]DPVXD SURGXomR $ PRUWH SRU WXEHUFXORVH DRV DQRVRLQVHUHQRWHUUtYHOFRQMXQWRGHHVFULWRUHV TXHSDGHFHQGRGRPDOGRVpFXORIDOHFHUDP jovens, deixando uma obra ainda em estado de amadurecimento. O poema mais famoso p´2QRLYDGRGRVHSXOFURμTXHLOXVWUDPRV abaixo, citando um trecho:
Balada
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Que paz tranquila!... mas eis longe, ao longe )XQpUHDFDPSDFRPIUDJRUUDQJHX Branco fantasma semelhante a um monge, '·HQWUHRVVHSXOFURVDFDEHoDHUJXHX
(UJXHXVHHUJXHXVHQDDPSOLGmRFHOHVWH Campeia a lua com sinistra luz; O vento geme no feral cipreste, 2PRFKRSLDQDPDUPyUHDFUX]
Ergueu-se, ergueu-se!... com sombrio espanto 2OKRXHPURGDQmRDFKRXQLQJXpP
Soares de Passos (fontes: http:// biblio.com.br)
Literatura Portuguesa II
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Hymno de Amor
Andava um dia Em pequenino Nos arredores De Nazareth, Em companhia 'H6DQ-RVp O bom-Jesus, O Deus-Menino. (LVVHQmRTXDQGR 9rQXPVLOYDGR Andar piando Arrepiado (HVYRDoDQGR Um rouxinol, Que uma serpente De olhar de luz Resplandecente Como a do sol, E penetrante Como diamante, Tinha attrahido, Tinha encantado. -HVXVGRtGR 'RGHVJUDoDGR Do passarinho, Sae do caminho,
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Cantando o hymno 6
Terno e suave Do seu amor Ao Salvador!
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$YLGDpRGLDGHKRMH $YLGDpDLTXHPDOVRD $YLGDpVRPEUDTXHIRJH $YLGDpQXYHPTXHYRD
$YLGDpVRQKRWmROHYH Que se desfaz como a neve E como o fumo se esvai: A vida dura um momento, Mais leve que o pensamento, A vida leva-a o vento, $YLGDpIROKDTXHFDL
$YLGDpÁRUQDFRUUHQWH $YLGDpVRSURVXDYH $YLGDpHVWUHODFDGHQWH Voa mais leve que a ave:
Nuvem que o vento nos ares, Onda que o vento nos mares, 8PDDSyVRXWUDODQoRX $YLGDSHQDFDtGD Da asa da ave ferida De vale em vale impelida A vida o vento levou!
Literatura Portuguesa II
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RESUMO
(VWXGDPRVROLULVPRURPkQWLFRSRUWXJXrVFRPrQIDVHQRVQRPHVGH $OPHLGD*DUUHWWH-RmRGH'HXVHÀ]HPRVDERUGDJHPGHDFRUGRFRPD YLVmRGRVKLVWRULDGRUHV0DVVDXG0RLVpVH$QWyQLR-RVp6DUDLYDVREUHHVVD IDVHGD/LWHUDWXUD3RUWXJXHVD$SRHVLDURPkQWLFDSRUWXJXHVDSDVVDSRUWUrV PRPHQWRV2SULPHLURGHWUDQVLomRWHPFRPRSULQFLSDOSRHWD$OPHLGD *DUUHWWTXHLQWURGX]R5RPDQWLVPRHP3RUWXJDOFRPDSXEOLFDomRGROLYUR GHSRHPDVLQWLWXODGR&DP}HVHP1HVVDGpFDGDDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGR Romantismo pouco a pouco se acentuam. O segundo, com uma linguagem XOWUDURPkQWLFD PHORVDWHPFRPRUHSUHVHQWDQWH6RDUHVGH 3DVVRVH R WHUFHLURPDUFDGRSRUXPDSRHVLDGHDOWRQtYHOSHUPHDGDGHEXFROLVPRH LQJHQXLGDGHWHPFRPRUHSUHVHQWDQWH-RmRGH'HXV3RGHPRVGL]HUTXH QHVVD~OWLPDIDVHWHPRVRPHOKRUGDSRHVLDURPkQWLFDHP3RUWXJDO
ATIVIDADES
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- Busque em livros e/em sites de Literatura Portuguesa poemas de Feli- FLDQRGH&DVWLOKRHFRQÀUDDFRQÁXrQFLDGDVHVWpWLFDViUFDGHHURPkQWLFD em sua poesia. %XVTXHR´3RHPDGR0HQLQR-HVXVμGH$OEHUWR&DHLURHHVWDEHOHoDXPD FRPSDUDomRHQWUHRPHVPRHRSRHPD´+\PQRGH$PRUμGH-RmRGH'HXV
