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WOSABUIL ARY POR ENGLISE CHECK YOUR VOCABULARY FOR ENGLISH FOR THE IELTS EXAMINATION A WORKBOOK FOR STUDENTS by Rawdon Wyatt RP PETER COLLIN PUBLISHING CHECK YOUR VOCABULARY FOR ENGLISH FOR THE XxX A M N ATI A WORKBOOK FOR STUDENTS by Rawdon Wyatt Peter Collin Publishing About this workbook Introduction This workbook has been written for students who are planning to sit either the general training or the academic modules of the IELTS exam. It covers some of the main vocabulary points that you will need for, or come across in, the listening, reading, writing and speaking sections of the exam. We hope that you find the modules in this book useful and that the vocabulary you acquire will help you to achieve the grade you want in the IELTS. Good luck! Structure of the IELTS Workbook Each vocabulary area is presented in the form of a self-cantained module with task-based activities which present each vocabulary item in a real context. » Pages 1-48 focus on general vocabulary items which can be used in all aspects of your English. Some of these are relevant ta specific tasks in the IELTS exam (for example, describing how something works, writing a letter or describing a table). « Pages 49-95 focus on topic-specific vocabulary areas which may be required in the exam (for example, education, business and industry or global problems). Each module consists of three tasks: the first two present vocahulary items in context, and the third gives you the opportunity to review the vocabulary in the form of a gap-fill exercise. Using the IELTS Workbook You should not go through the modules mechanically. It is better to choose areas that you are unfamiliar with, or areas that you feel are of specific interest or importance to yourself. “+ Vocabulary Record Sheet Remember that you should keep a record of new words and expressions that you learn, and review these from time to time so that they become an active part of your vocabulary. There is a vocabulary record sheet at the back of the book which you can photocopy as many times as you like and use to build up your own personal vocabulary bank. Extending Your Vocabulary Also remember that there are other methods of acquiring new vocabulary. For example, you should read as much as possible from a different variety of authentic reading materials (books, newspapers, magazines, etc). Using an English dictionary To help you learn English, you should use an English dictionary that can clearly define words, provide information about grammar and give sample sentences to show how words are used in context. You can use any good learner's English dictionary with this workbook, but it has been written using the material in the English Dictionary for Students (ISBN 1-901659-06-2), published by Peter Collin Publishing tmn petercollin.com). International English Language Testing System (IELTS) This workbook has been written to help you improve your vocabulary when working towards the International English Language Testing System (JELTS) examination. The IELTS English examination is administered by the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate, The British Council and IDP Education Austrailia. For futher information, visit the wu ucies.org.uk website. Peter Calfin Publishing. O 2001, For seference, see the English Dictionary or Students (1-901659-06-2) Y00QIOM SIYZ JNoge contents Contents PAGE TITLE PAGE TITLE General Vocabulary sa Travel 1º Condition 66 Crime & the law 4 2 Changes 68 Socialtensions 4 Describing & analysing tables 1 70 Science & technology [3 How something works 73 Food & diet |? Writing a letter 75 Children & the family 1 8 Presentinganargument — 7 Ontheroai [5 Temesacompmior — ] fm mes DDD DT 10 location —— [82 Tom &couty 12 Joining/becoming part of something bigger sa Architecture E Reson&result of 14 Generaliations&specifis 87 Men &women iG Focusingatention | |U Seoaraçhy 17 “ Opinion, attitude & belier o 32 Business & industry 18 Stopping something 85 Globalproblems E Vocabulary record sheet Objects &actions Answers 2 Likes & dislikes a Oblgmtiongotion | | fossstid + 25 Success &failure + do Pages6,7 26 Ovnership, giving, Ienaing & borrowing [ioo Pages8 9 10,1213 0 d » Groups 101 Pages 14, 16,17 28 Around theworid o o 102 Pages 18,19,20,22 [30 Size, quantity & dimension [103º Poges262526 [2 o Shape & features 104 Pages 27, 28 EEMS phasis & misuncerstanding 105 Page 30, 32, 33, 34 34 Changes A 106 Page 36382440 36 Opposites 17 Pageaa, 4? 38 Addition, equation & conclusion 109 Pageas, 51 39 Task commands Ml DRT TT = E DD —— 110 Page 53,56 40 Confusing words & false friends + 44 Useful interview expressions pit Page sê — 45 Phrasal verbs = iz Page 60 62 46 Phrasal verb record sheet 3 Page á “ [47 Spelling: commonty misspelled words U14 | Page 66, 68,70 + Topic Specific Vocabulary VS Page73,75 49 Eduaton 4 SS — — — 1 The media 7 Page 84, 87 EE o pe Pesos 56 Money & finance ns Pages 58 Politics [ o 60 The envitonment | o 82 Healthcare 120-124 Vocabulary record sheets Peter Colin Pubishing. 2001, For teference, ste the Engl Dictionary for Students (1-901659-06-2) general vocabulary Changes Look at the pairs of sentences in 1-20 and choose a verb from the box which can be used with both sentences. In some cases, the meaning of the verb may change slightly. Then use a dictionary to find other objects which can he used with the verhs. adapt + adjust * alter * cure e demote * disappear + dissolve | exchange * expand * fade * increase * promote renovate «e replace * swell reduce * renew switch « transform e vary 1. We need to these cars so disabled people can drive them. 2. the trousers are too tighi, take them back to the shop and ask them to —— them. 3. You must the voltage or the system will blow up. 4. Ourbils willbelessifwe from gas to electricity. 5. You cant the terms of the contract once it has been signed. 6. It will help your digestion if you your diet. 7. We need to dollars. our pounds for 8. We have had to our sales force to cope with the extra demand. 9, The price of oil will next year, The country foundithardto tothe new government He found it hard to tropical country. to living in a He decided to having plastic surgery. his appearance by They had to flights at Heathrow Airport. He wants to -- his appearance. Prices of flats from a few thousand to millions of pounds. You can usually goods which are faulty if you show the receipt. Water will when it is frozen. Most bosses refuse to — salaries when they are asked. Peter €ollin Publisning. & 2001. For reference, see tne Engilsh Dictionary for Students (1-90165S 06-2) Changes 10. The management decidedto the company and sell the offices. 11. More and more people are moving to cities to the population there. 12. The market for typewriters will probably completely in the next few years. 13. The old contract ran out and we had to it. 14. They have received fundsto — the old buildings. 15. The boss offered to him from salesman ta manager. 16. They wanted to me from manager to salesperson. 12. 1 you wash it too much, the colour will 18. The company decided to the permanent staff with freelancers. 19. The doctors were unableto her illness. 20. Governments are trying to pollution. the sugar in boiling water. The wasp sting caused his leg to ÁJe|nged0a |eususb The police are baffled by the increasing number of people who each year. Many people argue that it's futile to old hostilities. We need to the central heating as it is old and worn out. Our main aim isto tourism in the country. ifwe — vou youwill lose a large part of your salary. We watched the islands the distance. away into You must the books on the shelf when you have finished with them. ——— the meat in salt water for between three and five days. The best way to save money is to the number of staff. Pater Collin Publishing. & 2001. For rejerence, ses the English Dictionary for Students (1-901€59-06-2) Describing & analysing tables 1. os Nom 10. 1 12. 1 13. In which two countries was there a considerable discrepancy between married and single people between 1996 and 19987 In which country was there a constant and considerable discrepancy between married and single people over the five-year period? In which country was there a sudden and noticeable difference between those under 18 and thase over 65 in 1998? In which country did the number of under-18s rise dramatically between 1996 and 20007 In which country did the number of under-18s increase sfightfy between 1996 and 2000? In which country did the number of aver-65s go up sharpfy between 1996 and 19987 In which country did the number of married peopfe decfine over the five-year period? In which country did the number of deaths decrease significantly between 1996 and 19997 im which country was there a siight decline in the number of married people between 1998 and 19997 In which country was there a sharp drop in the number of under-18s between 1997 and 19987 In which country was there a slight reduction in the number of deaths over the five-year period? In which country was there a significant increase in the number of deaths between 1998 and 2000? In which country did the number of deaths remain constant over the five-year period? B. Now look at the table below, which shows the changes in economic activity in a town aver a period of five years. The figures on the left and right show the number of people involved in these activities, in thousands. Write your own sentences to describe the situation in the town regarding the number of: 1 2. u soa a People employed in industry between 1996 and 2000. People employed in retail between 1996 and 2000. People employed in public services between 1999 and 2000. People employed in tourism between 1996 and 2000. Unemployed between 1998 and 2000. People employed in industry compared with those in tourism in 1996. Peopie employed in industry between 1998 and 1999. E Ei N Z Mumber of penple Numher at people Number of semi-skilled /skiled Number of people Number of ia industry in reto! peotde in puolie services (including in tourism unemployed police, doctars, bus drivers, esc.) Rs —— — — - — | E 9 o - B Ed: 6 [me 5 + + 3 2 1 AN o 1996 1997 1999 2000 Peter Collin Publishing. & 2001. For reference, soe the English Dictionary for Students (1-501659-06-2) ÁJgIngeaoA jeusuab general vocabulary How something works A. Look at these sentences and decide which object is being described in each one, Use the words in bold to help you. You will find the objects hidden in the word grid at the bottom of the page. 1. The most important part of this object is a strip of two different metals, one on top of the other. As they heat up, both metals expand, but one does it faster than the other. The strip bends and connects with a switch, which turns off the power supply. When the strip coois dawn, the metals contract and the switch is disconnected. (1 word) This object has several component parts, most of which are made of plastic. À disc inserted into the object spins quickly. At the same time a thin beam of light strikes the disc and converts digital symbols into sounds. These sounds can be increased or decreased in volume by means of a button or dial. (3 words) Liquid and gas are compressed in a hard metal tube. This can be refeased by pushing or squeezing a button which opens a valve. When the liquid-gas combination feaves the tube and is mixed with oxygen, it rapidly expand's. (1 word) This object is mainly made of aluminium. As it moves forward, air flows over two horizontal sections. As it accelerates, a vacuum is formed over the horizontal sections and the object is pulled into the air by the force of this vacuum. (1 word) This object consists of two main parts; one is made mainly of plastic and metal, the other is made mainly of glass. Light enters the glass section and a small door in the device opens up when a Button is pressed. At the same time, a smaller window called an aperture adjusts itself to control the amount of light, The light is then absorbed by a sheet of plastic coated in a special chemical. An image is formed and this can then be processed and developed into a two-dimensional paper-based object. (1 word) A sharp blade inside a plastic container rotates very quickly. k chops or grinds anything it touches, which we can then use to produce soup, sauces and dressing. (2 words) This is a very simple object which originated in China. A small piece of paper is lit with a match. burns away until the flame ignites the chemical! compound inside a cardboard tube. The result is a display of light and colour. (1 word) wie RiTIMNY]Uu x lclvielioljn]m E NDA | q fal “Qlw: oc [Eid To alelinjlelir ) LE | v loi[e lel/'M [T) rlolísils [in/ljul [iu] rjeloi[e | w T, [e || TETE A|O err TiM MIN vic|xlio EM RA] U is! olw RT x ir: TIyv rlolpla! vie] nlale lr B. There are nine more objects hidden in the grid. Choose four of them and write a brief description of how they work, using the bold words and expressions above. Peter Colin Publishing. & 2001. Far reference, see the English Dictionary for Students (1-901659-06-2) general vocabulary Presenting an argument A. Read the text below, in which somebody is trying to decide whether to go straight to university from school, ar spend a year travelling around the world, Put their argument into the correct order, using the key wards and expressions in itafics ta hetp you. The first one and last one have been done for you. A. (1) Im really in two minds about what to do when 1 leave school. Shoutd | go straight to university m moon o. or should I spend a year travelling around the world? ft is often said that knowledge is the key to power, and | cannot disagree with this. On the one hand, | would experience lots of different cultures. Unfortunately, another point is that if | spent a year travelling | would need a lot of money. And Em not alone in this opinion. Many consider a sound career and a good salary to be am important goal. However, it could be argued that | would also meet lots of interesting people while | was travelling. Secondiy, if | go straight to university, I'll learn so many things that will help me in my future life. First of afl, there are so many benefits of going straight to university. But 1 believe that it would be easy to make a bit while | was travelling, giving English lessons or working in hotels and shops. Moreover, IH be able to take part in the social activities that the university offers, and meet lots of new friends who share the same interests. The most important point is that the sooner | get my qualifications, the quicker Fl get a job and start earning. Nevertheless, these inconveniences would be am inevitable part of travelling and would be greatly outweighed by the other advantages. In my opinion, starting work and making money is one of the most important things in life, On the other hand, | could end up suffering from culture shock, homesickness ând some strange tropical diseases. Furthermore, if | spent a year travelling, | would learn more about the world. P.(16) Ail right, I've made my mind up. Now, where's my nearest travel agency? B. Using the key words and expressions in italic from the last exercise, present an argument for one of the following issues: 1. 2. À government's main priority is to provide education for its people. The only way to save the environment is for governments to impose strict quotas on the energy we use (for example, by restricting car ownership, limiting the water we use). Satisfaction in your job is more important than the money you earn. Living in a town or city is better than living in the countryside. kt is our responsibility to help or look after those less fortunate than ourselves (for example, the homeless, the mentally ill). Peter Collin Publishing. & 2091, For “eference, see the English Dictionary for Students (1-901659-06-2) Contrast & comparison Completa these sentences with the most appropriate word or expression from A, Bor C£. 1. 12. 13. 14. 15. The two machines — -considerably. One has an electric motor, the other runs on oil, í A) differ B. differentiate C. differential The in weather between the north and the south of the country is very noticeable. Pa A. comparison f (B) contrast € compare Many people cannot. between lemon juice and lime juice. A. differ (B)differentiate €. contrast Children must be taughtto -— between right and wrong. A. differ B. contrast (O) distinguish There is a between being interested in politics and joining a political party. A. distinguish B, distinctive (Cjdistinction Can you tell the — between a gaad boss and a bad one? a) difference B. differentiate €. contrast The management must not between male and female applicants. A. differ B. contrast (O discriminate Asia covers a huge area, + Europe is very small, a By wayofcontrast B. By ways of comparing €. By similar means The new model of car is very to the old one. A. same B similar €. common . Her political opinions are to mine, A. same B. exactly (C)identical Some political parties have such similar manifestos that they are difficult to +: A) tell apart B. say apart € speak apart My friends and | enjoy doing many of the same things. In that respect, we have a lot A. in similar B. in particular “C)in common There seems to be a large between the number of people employed in service industries, and those employed in the primary sector. A. discriminate B. discretion (Oldiscrepaney British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as A. cats and dogs iB)chalk and cheese €. satt and pepper Britain's economy is largely based on its industry, a few hundred years ago it was an agrarian country. A, wherefore Bi whereas C whereby Peter Collin Publishing. & 2001. For reference, see the English Dictlonary far Students (1-301659-06-2) ÁJeingedoa |eJausb Location Q D 3 D - 1. TheBare the 4 10. The é mê — he diagram E Iô « o 2. Thekis the é 1. The Bis the É 8) e a. E 3. Thewhis the diagram 12. The ar the MM E te 13. The X is the s 4. The ú is o the diagram 14. The his the diagram 5. The is -the 15. The is the diagram 6. Thefis the É and the a 16. The Mis the f 7. Thefis o — the diagram 17. The bis the diagram 8 Thett is shediagram 18. The beis . the diagram 9 Thekeis. thediagram AA The O the diagram B. How well do you know your country? Write the name of a city, town, village or island which... Lo 2 — ks situated in the middle of your country. 2 o — is buift on the slopes of a mountain. E is located on the coast. 4 stands on à cape or peninsula. E is built on the edge of a river or lake. [A is a two-hour journey by car or bus from the capital. 7. is a short distance off the coast. 8 o — — is about 10 miles (approximately 16 kilometres) from your home town. Don't forget to keep a record of the words and expressions that you have learnt, review your notes from time ta time and try to use new vocabulary items whenever possible. 4 Peter Collin Publishing. & 2001 For reference, see the English Dictionary tar Students (1-90:659-05-2) general vocabulary 12 Joining/becoming part of something bigger The sentences below all contain a word or expression in itatics which is related to joining two or more things, sometimes with the result of becoming part of something bigger. However, the words and expressions have all been put into the wrong sentence, Put them into their correct sentence. In some cases, more than one answer is possible. A. Move the verbs into the right sentences. 1. His salary is merged to the cost of living, and increases on an annual basis. 2. The International Book Association blended with Universal Press in 1999 to form the International Press. 3. To get a better finish, he swallowed up the two painis together. 4. The firm integrated with its main competitor in the battle to win more customers. 5. The suggestions from all the committees were took over into the main proposal, 6. The immigrants faced hostility when they were first incorporated into the community. 7. Alotof students had problems before they amalgamated into college life. 8. When the large international college got together the smaller school, a lat of people lost their jobs. 9. The students linked one evening and decided to protest about their situation. 10. A large international company assimitated our firm last month and started making immediate changes. B. Move the nouns into the right sentences. 1. The alloy between England and France came close to breaking down many times during the nineteenth century. 2. The synthesis between England and Scotland is over 300 years old. 3. The company has ten directors who provide a blend of different expertise, 4. Brass is a well-known alliance of copper and zinc. 5. Water is a coalition of hydrogen and oxygen. 6. The plan is a upification of several earlier proposals. 7. The merger of Italy did not occur until the second half of the nineteenth century. 8. The company made its fortune by selling a popular union of coffee. 9. The proposed federation of the Liberal and Labour Parties in the election was cause for much ridicule, 10. Asa result of the compound with the other company, Flax International became the largest in its field. Peter Collin Pubtishing. O 2001, For reference, see the English Dictionary for Students (1-901659-06-2) general vocabulary 14 Generalisations & specifics A. Match the sentences in the list below with an appropriate sentence in the list opposite. The underlined expressions in the first list should have a similar meaning to the words or expressions in boldin the second list. FIRST LIST 1. 10. LER 12. Small items of information are very important in a curriculum vitae. need to have precise information about your new proposals, The plan was unable to go ahead because of a small important detail which is important in order to make something happen. He demanded to know the small precise and sometimes unimportant details. When you read a piece of text in the exam, you should read it quickly first to get the general idea. Before you write an essay, you should plan it first and give a broad description without giving much detail. Odd features or details which make something different make the world a more interesting place. Saying that alí seventeen-year-olds take drugs ís a bit of a general statement. Many cars have very similar typical features. The huge rise in computer sales is a good example of the direction in which technology is heading. Normalhy, most students sitting the exam manage to pass with a good grade. The new library shaws a good example of British architecture at its best. . Before you travel somewhere, it is important to make a detailed list of things that you need to take. . French fries with mayonnaise is a dish which is an odd feature or detail of Belgian cuisine. . The article shaws as an example his views on the way the company should develop. Don't forget to keep a record of the words and expressions that you have learnt, review your notes from time to time and try to use new vocabulary items whenever possible. Peter Coltin Publishing. & 2001. For refererçe, sec tho English Dietlonany for Students (1-901559-D6-2) Generalisations & specifics SECOND LIST A. Please let me have the specífics as soon as possible. ÁJejngeooa |eJouab B. It's very frustrating when a minor technicafity puts a stop to your plans. €. Inthe same way, kimchii is a concoction of cabbage, chilli and garlic which is peculiar to Korea. D. You should include full details of your past experience, E. Once you have an auíline, you will discover that your work is easier to arganise. F We must be careful not to make too many generalisations. o HRemise everything in order of importance, beginning with your passport and visa. H. As far as he was concerned, the minutiae could not be overlboked. 1. Most manufacturers are aware that these characteristics are what help sell their product. 3, Italso provides us with an accurate illustration of the advances we have made in the last twenty years. K. Ir iflustrates his preference for increased automation. L. Once you have the gist, it shouid be easier to understand it. M. It exemplifies the style that is becoming increasingiy popular with town planners. N. In general, the average resultisa Bor €. O. For example, it is a peculiarity of the British system that judges and lawyers wear wigs. B. Write a list of the words and expressions in bold above. Put them into two groups based on whether they are talking about general things or specific things. Try to give examples of each word in a sentence of your own. Don't forget to keep a record of the words and expressions that you have learnt, review your notes from time to time and try to use new vocabulary items whenever possible. 15 Peter Collin Publishing. € 2001. For reference, see the English Dictionary for Students (1-901659.05-2] 
