El Reglamento Internacional para Prevenir Abordajes (RIPA), o Convention on the Internatio, Monografías, Ensayos de Reglamento del Comercio Internacional

¡Descarga El Reglamento Internacional para Prevenir Abordajes (RIPA), o Convention on the Internatio y más Monografías, Ensayos en PDF de Reglamento del Comercio Internacional solo en Docsity!

Convention on the International Regulations

for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972

Consolidated edition, 2018

ARTICLE I

General Obligations

The Parties to the present Convention undertake to give effect to the Rules and other Annexes constituting the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972,

ARTICLE II

Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval and Accession

1 The present Convention shall remain open for signature until 1 June 1973 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. 2 States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or the International Atomic Energy Agency, or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to this Convention by: (a) signature without reservation, as to ratification, acceptance or approval; (b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or (c) accession. 3 Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Organization") which shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to the present Convention of the deposit of each instrument and of the date of its deposit.

ARTICLE III

Territorial Application

1 The United Nations in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory, or any Contracting Party responsible for the international relations of a territory, may at any time by notification in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Secretary-General"), extend the application of this Convention to such a territory.

2 The present Convention shall, upon the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein. 3 Any notification made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may be withdrawn in respect of any territory mentioned in that notification and the extension of this Convention to that territory shall cease to apply after one year or such longer period as may be specified at the time of the withdrawal. 4 The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties of the notification of any extension or withdrawal of any extension communicated under this Article.

ARTICLE IV

Entry into Force

(a) The present Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date on which at least 15 States, the aggregate of whose merchant fleets constitutes not less than 65 per cent by number or by tonnage of the world fleet of vessels of 100 gross tons and over have become Parties to it, whichever is achieved first. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, the present Convention shall not enter into force before 1 January 1976. 2 Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention in accordance with Article II after the conditions prescribed in subparagraph 1 (a) have been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention. 3 Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede after the date on which this Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article II. 4 After the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article VI, any ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall apply to the Convention as amended. 5 On the date of entry into force of this Convention, the Regulations replace and abrogate the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1960. 6 The Secretary-General shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of its entry into force.

ARTICLE V

Revision Conference

1 A Conference for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both may be convened by the Organization.

ARTICLE VIII

Deposit and Registration

1 The present Convention and the Regulations shall be deposited with the Organization, and the Secretary-General shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all Governments of states that have signed this Convention or acceded to it. 2 When the present Convention enters into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-General to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

ARTICLE IX

Languages

The present Convention is established, together with the Regulations, in a single copy in the English and French languages, both texts being equally authentic. Official translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned* being duly authorized their respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present Convention. [* Signatures omitted.] DONE AT LONDON this twentieth day of October one thousand nine hundred and seventy-two.

PART A - GENERAL

Rule 1

Application

(a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels. (b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules. (c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or signal lights or shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shapes or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules. (d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules. (e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel. MSC/Circ.

Rule 2

Responsibility

(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. (b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.

(k) Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other. (l) The term 'restricted visibility' means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes. (m) The term 'Wing-In-Ground (WIG) craft' means a multimodal craft which, in its main operational mode, flies in close proximity to the surface by utilizing surface- effect action.

PART B - STEERING AND SAILING RULES SECTION I-CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF VISIBILITY Rule 4 Application

Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility.

Rule 5 Look-out

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all

available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full

appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

Rule 6 Safe Speed

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action

to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and

conditions. In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into

account:

(a) By all vessels:

(i) the state of visibility;

(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;

(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning

ability in the prevailing conditions;

(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter

of her own lights;

(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;

(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water.

( b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar:

(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision, shall, if the circumstances of the case

admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a

succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.

(c) If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid

a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in

another close-quarters situation.

(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe

distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally

past and clear.

(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her

speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.

(f)

(i) A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe

passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take

early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.

(ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not

relieved of this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision

and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by

the Rules of this part.

(iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with

the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve

risk of collision.

Rule 9 Narrow Channels

(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the

outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.

(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a

vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a

narrow channel or fairway.

(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a

vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the

sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel.

(e)

(i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be

overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake

shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule

34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal

prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may

sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).

(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.

(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels

may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness

and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e).

(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.

Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes

(a) This Rule Applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization and does not relieve

any vessel of her obligation under any other rule.

(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:

(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that

lane;

(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone;

(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or

leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic

flow as practicable.

(c) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on

a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.

(d)

(i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate

traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than 20

meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic

zone.

(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d) (i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en

route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place

situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.

(e) A vessel, other than a crossing vessel, or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter

a separation zone or cross a separation line except:

(i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port

side shall keep out of the way of the other;

(ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep

out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;

(iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot

determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the

starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.

(b) For the purposes of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that

on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on

which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.

Rule 13 Overtaking

(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II any vessel overtaking

any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.

(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction

more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is

overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her

sidelights.

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this

is the case and act accordingly.

(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking

vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear

of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.

Rule 14 Head-on Situation

(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to

involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port

side of the other.

(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and

by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both

sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does

exist and act accordingly.

Rule 15 Crossing Situation

When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the

other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case

admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.

Rule 16 Action by Give-way Vessel

Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take

early and substantial action to keep well clear.

Rule 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel

(a)

(i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and

speed.

(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone, as

soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is

not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.

(b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close

that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action

as will best aid to avoid collision.

(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph

(a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of

the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.

(d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way

Section III-Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility RULE 19 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility

(a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of

restricted visibility.

(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions

of restricted visibility. A power-driven vessel shall have engines ready for immediate manoeuvre.

(c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted

visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part.

(d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-

quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in

ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the

following shall be avoided:

(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel

being overtaken;

(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.

(e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which

hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close

quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum

at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event

navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.

PART C-LIGHTS AND SHAPES

RULE 20

Application

(a) Rules in this Part shall be complied with in all weathers. (b) The Rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these Rules or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with the keeping of a proper look-out. (c) The lights prescribed by these Rules shall, if carried, also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. (d) The Rules concerning shapes shall be complied with by day. (e) The lights and shapes specified in these Rules shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Regulations.

Rule 21

Definitions

(a) 'Masthead light' means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel. (b) 'Sidelights' means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel. (c) 'Sternlight' means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. (d) 'Towing light' means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the 'sternlight' defined in paragraph(c) of this Rule.

• a sternlight, 2 miles,
• a towing light, 2 miles;
• a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. (d) In inconspicuous, partly submerged vessels or objects being towed; a white all- round light, 3 miles.

Rule 23

Power-driven Vessels underway

(The new paragraph (c) shall enter into force on 29 November

2003, as amended by Resolution A.919(22))

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) a masthead light forward; (ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so; (iii) sidelights; (iv) a sternlight. (b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light. (c) A WIG craft only when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit a high intensity all-round flashing red light. (d) (i) A power-driven vessel of less than 12 meters in length may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and sidelights: (ii) a power-driven vessel of less than 7 meters in length whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of

this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights; (iii) the masthead light or all-round white light on a power-driven vessel of less than 12 meters in length may be displaced from the fore and aft centreline of the vessel if centreline fitting is not practicable, provided that the sidelights are combined in one lantern which shall be carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel or located as nearly as practicable in the same fore and aft line as the masthead light or the all-round white light.

Rule 24

Towing and Pushing

(a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 metres, three such lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; (iii) a sternlight; (iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; (v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where it can best be seen. (b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23. (c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; (iii) a sternlight.