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A P P E N D I X
A
PROPERTIES OF WATER
TABLE A.1 SI units [101 kPa (abs)]
Temperature ( C)
Specific Weight G (kN/m^3 )
Density R (kg/m^3 )
Dynamic Viscosity H (Pa ~ s)
Kinematic Viscosity N (m 2 /s)
0 9.81 (^1000) 1.75 * 10 -^3 1.75 * 10 -^6
5 9.81 (^1000) 1.52 * 10 -^3 1.52 * 10 -^6
10 9.81 (^1000) 1.30 * 10 -^3 1.30 * 10 -^6
15 9.81 (^1000) 1.15 * 10 -^3 1.15 * 10 -^6
20 9.79 (^998) 1.02 * 10 -^3 1.02 * 10 -^6
25 9.78 (^997) 8.91 * 10 -^4 8.94 * 10 -^7
30 9.77 (^996) 8.00 * 10 -^4 8.03 * 10 -^7
35 9.75 (^994) 7.18 * 10 -^4 7.22 * 10 -^7
40 9.73 (^992) 6.51 * 10 -^4 6.56 * 10 -^7
45 9.71 (^990) 5.94 * 10 -^4 6.00 * 10 -^7
50 9.69 (^988) 5.41 * 10 -^4 5.48 * 10 -^7
55 9.67 (^986) 4.98 * 10 -^4 5.05 * 10 -^7
60 9.65 (^984) 4.60 * 10 -^4 4.67 * 10 -^7
65 9.62 (^981) 4.31 * 10 -^4 4.39 * 10 -^7
70 9.59 (^978) 4.02 * 10 -^4 4.11 * 10 -^7
75 9.56 (^975) 3.73 * 10 -^4 3.83 * 10 -^7
80 9.53 (^971) 3.50 * 10 -^4 3.60 * 10 -^7
85 9.50 (^968) 3.30 * 10 -^4 3.41 * 10 -^7
90 9.47 (^965) 3.11 * 10 -^4 3.22 * 10 -^7
95 9.44 (^962) 2.92 * 10 -^4 3.04 * 10 -^7
100 9.40 (^958) 2.82 * 10 -^4 2.94 * 10 -^7
APPENDIX A Properties of Water 489
TABLE A.2 U.S. Customary System units (14.7 psia)
Temperature ( F)
Specific Weight G (lb/ft 3 )
Density R (slugs/ft 3 )
Dynamic Viscosity H (lb @ s/ft 2 )
Kinematic Viscosity N (ft 2 /s)
32 62.4 1.94 (^) 3.66 * 10 -^5 1.89 * 10 -^5
40 62.4 1.94 (^) 3.23 * 10 -^5 1.67 * 10 -^5
50 62.4 1.94 (^) 2.72 * 10 -^5 1.40 * 10 -^5
60 62.4 1.94 (^) 2.35 * 10 -^5 1.21 * 10 -^5
70 62.3 1.94 (^) 2.04 * 10 -^5 1.05 * 10 -^5
80 62.2 1.93 (^) 1.77 * 10 -^5 9.15 * 10 -^6
90 62.1 1.93 (^) 1.60 * 10 -^5 8.29 * 10 -^6
100 62.0 1.93 (^) 1.42 * 10 -^5 7.37 * 10 -^6
110 61.9 1.92 (^) 1.26 * 10 -^5 6.55 * 10 -^6
120 61.7 1.92 (^) 1.14 * 10 -^5 5.94 * 10 -^6
130 61.5 1.91 (^) 1.05 * 10 -^5 5.49 * 10 -^6
140 61.4 1.91 (^) 9.60 * 10 -^6 5.03 * 10 -^6
150 61.2 1.90 (^) 8.90 * 10 -^6 4.68 * 10 -^6
160 61.0 1.90 (^) 8.30 * 10 -^6 4.38 * 10 -^6
170 60.8 1.89 (^) 7.70 * 10 -^6 4.07 * 10 -^6
180 60.6 1.88 (^) 7.23 * 10 -^6 3.84 * 10 -^6
190 60.4 1.88 (^) 6.80 * 10 -^6 3.62 * 10 -^6
200 60.1 1.87 (^) 6.25 * 10 -^6 3.35 * 10 -^6
212 59.8 1.86 (^) 5.89 * 10 -^6 3.17 * 10 -^6
APPENDIX B Properties of Common Liquids 491
TABLE B.2 U.S. Customary System units (14.7 psia and 77 F)
Specific Gravity sg
Specific Weight G (lb/ft^3 )
Density R (slugs/ ft 3 )
Dynamic Viscosity H (lb-s/ft^2 )
Kinematic Viscosity N (ft 2 /s)
Acetone 0.787 48.98 1.53 (^) 6.60 * 10 -^6 4.31 * 10 -^6
Alcohol, ethyl 0.787 49.01 1.53 (^) 2.10 * 10 -^5 1.37 * 10 -^5
Alcohol, methyl 0.789 49.10 1.53 (^) 1.17 * 10 -^5 7.65 * 10 -^6
Alcohol, propyl 0.802 49.94 1.56 (^) 4.01 * 10 -^5 2.57 * 10 -^5
Aqua ammonia (25%) 0.910 56.78 1.77 — —
Benzene 0.876 54.55 1.70 (^) 1.26 * 10 -^5 7.41 * 10 -^6
Carbon tetrachloride 1.590 98.91 3.08 (^) 1.90 * 10 -^5 6.17 * 10 -^6
Castor oil 0.960 59.69 1.86 (^) 1.36 * 10 -^2 7.31 * 10 -^3
Ethylene glycol 1.100 68.47 2.13 (^) 3.38 * 10 -^4 1.59 * 10 -^4
Gasoline 0.68 42.40 1.32 (^) 6.00 * 10 -^6 4.55 * 10 -^6
Glycerin 1.258 78.50 2.44 (^) 2.00 * 10 -^2 8.20 * 10 -^3
Kerosene 0.823 51.20 1.60 (^) 3.43 * 10 -^5 2.14 * 10 -^5
Linseed oil 0.930 58.00 1.80 (^) 6.91 * 10 -^4 3.84 * 10 -^4
Mercury 13.54 844.9 26.26 (^) 3.20 * 10 -^5 1.22 * 10 -^6
Propane 0.495 30.81 0.96 (^) 2.30 * 10 -^6 2.40 * 10 -^6
Seawater 1.030 64.00 2.00 (^) 2.15 * 10 -^5 1.08 * 10 -^5
Turpentine 0.870 54.20 1.69 (^) 2.87 * 10 -^5 1.70 * 10 -^5
Fuel oil, medium 0.852 53.16 1.65 (^) 6.25 * 10 -^5 3.79 * 10 -^5
Fuel oil, heavy 0.906 56.53 1.76 (^) 2.24 * 10 -^3 1.27 * 10 -^3
Approximate data for selected natural and biological fluids. Values vary significantly with composition.
Olive oil at 68F (20C) 0.92 57.41 1.78 (^) 1.78 * 10 -^3 9.98 * 10 -^4
Honey at 70F (21C) 1.42 88.61 2.75 0.209 (^) 7.60 * 10 -^2
Ketchup at 70F (21C) 1.48 92.35 2.87 1.04 (^) 3.62 * 10 -^1
Peanut butter at 70F (21C) 1.30 81.12 2.52 5.22 2.
Blood at 50F (10C) 1.06 66.14 2.06 (^) 2.09 * 10 -^4 1.01 * 10 -^4
Blood at 98.6F (37C) 1.06 66.14 2.06 (^) 7.31 * 10 -^5 1.51 * 10 -^4
A P P E N D I X
C
TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF
PETROLEUM LUBRICATING OILS
Kinematic Viscosity N
Specific Gravity
At 40 C (104 F) At 100 C (212 F) Viscosity Type (m^2 /s) (ft 2 /s) (m^2 /s) (ft 2 /s) Index
Automotive hydraulic systems 0.887 (^) 3.99 * 10 -^5 4.30 * 10 -^4 7.29 * 10 -^6 7.85 * 10 -^5
Engine oils at 100C Viscosity grade 20 0.880 (^) 5.6 * 10 -^6 6.03 * 10 -^5
Viscosity grade 40 0.882 (^) 12.5 * 10 -^6 1.35 * 10 -^4
Viscosity grade 60 0.883 (^) 21.9 * 10 -^6 2.36 * 10 -^4
Gear lubricants Viscosity grade 80 0.890 (^) 7.0 * 10 -^6 7.53 * 10 -^5
Viscosity grade 140 0.892 (^) 24.0 * 10 -^6 2.58 * 10 −
Machine tool hydraulic systems
Light 0.887 (^) 3.20 * 10 -^5 3.44 * 10 -^4 4.79 * 10 -^6 5.16 * 10 -^5
Medium 0.895 (^) 6.70 * 10 -^5 7.21 * 10 -^4 7.29 * 10 -^6 7.85 * 10 -^5
Heavy 0.901 (^) 1.96 * 10 -^4 2.11 * 10 -^3 1.40 * 10 -^5 1.51 * 10 -^4
Low temperature 0.844 (^) 1.40 * 10 -^5 1.51 * 10 -^4 5.20 * 10 -^6 5.60 * 10 -^5
Machine tool lubricating oils Light 0.881 (^) 2.20 * 10 -^5 2.37 * 10 -^4 3.90 * 10 -^6 4.20 * 10 -^5
Medium 0.915 (^) 6.60 * 10 -^5 7.10 * 10 -^4 7.00 * 10 -^6 7.53 * 10 -^5
Heavy 0.890 (^) 2.00 * 10 -^4 2.15 * 10 -^3 1.55 * 10 -^5 1.67 * 10 -^4
Note: Approximate values for use only in problem solving in this book.
494 APPENDIX D Variation of Viscosity with Temperature
Temperature T (ºC)
Dynamic viscosity
η
. s/m
2 or Pa
.s)
1 x 10 −^5
1 x 10 −^4
x 10 −^5
1 x 10 −^3
x 10 −^4
1 x 10 −^2
x 10 −^3
1 x 10 −^1
x 10 −^2
x 10 −^1
SAE
Fuel oil sp. gr. 0.
Glycerin
Fuel oil sp. gr. 0.
SAE 10
Crude oil sp. gr. 0. Crude oil sp. gr. 0.
Brine (20% NaCl Kerosene
Ethyl alcohol
Mercury
Carbon tetrachloride Benzene
Gasoline sp. gr. 0.
Water
Air Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Methane (natural gas)
Hydrogen Ammonia
FIGURE D.1 Dynamic viscosity versus temperature—SI units.
APPENDIX D Variation of Viscosity with Temperature 495
Temperature T (ºF)
Dynamic viscosity
η
(lb-s/ft
10 −^7
1 x 10 −^6
x 10 −^7
Fuel oil sp. gr. 0.
Air
SAE 30
Glycerin
SAE 10
Fuel oil sp. gr. 0.
Crude oil sp. gr. 0.
Crude oil sp. gr. 0.
Brine (20% NaCl)
Kerosene
Gasoline sp. gr. 0.
Ethyl alcohol
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Water
Mercury
Helium Oxygen
Methane (natural gas)
Ammonia Hydrogen
x 10 −^6
x 10 −^5
x 10 −^4
x 10 −^3
x 10 −^2
1 x 10 −^5
1 x 10 −^4
1 x 10 −^3
1 x 10 −^2
10 −^1
Carbon dioxide
FIGURE D.2 Dynamic viscosity versus temperature—U.S.
Customary System units.
APPENDIX E Properties of Air 497
TABLE E.2 Properties of air versus temperature in U.S. Customary
System units at standard atmospheric pressure
Temperature T ( F)
Density R (slugs/ft 3 )
Specific Weight G (lb/ft 3 )
Dynamic Viscosity H (lb @ s/ft 2 )
Kinematic Viscosity N (ft 2 /s)
- (^40) 2.94 * 10 -^3 0.0946 (^) 3.15 * 10 -^7 1.07 * 10 -^4
- (^20) 2.80 * 10 -^3 0.0903 (^) 3.27 * 10 -^7 1.17 * 10 -^4
(^0) 2.68 * 10 -^3 0.0864 (^) 3.41 * 10 -^7 1.27 * 10 -^4
(^20) 2.57 * 10 -^3 0.0828 (^) 3.52 * 10 -^7 1.37 * 10 -^4
(^40) 2.47 * 10 -^3 0.0795 (^) 3.64 * 10 -^7 1.47 * 10 -^4
(^60) 2.37 * 10 -^3 0.0764 (^) 3.74 * 10 -^7 1.58 * 10 -^4
(^80) 2.28 * 10 -^3 0.0736 (^) 3.85 * 10 -^7 1.69 * 10 -^4
(^100) 2.20 * 10 -^3 0.0709 (^) 3.97 * 10 -^7 1.80 * 10 -^4
(^120) 2.13 * 10 -^3 0.0685 (^) 4.06 * 10 -^7 1.91 * 10 -^4
(^140) 2.06 * 10 -^3 0.0662 (^) 4.16 * 10 -^7 2.02 * 10 -^4
(^160) 1.99 * 10 -^3 0.0641 (^) 4.27 * 10 -^7 2.15 * 10 -^4
(^180) 1.93 * 10 -^3 0.0621 (^) 4.38 * 10 -^7 2.27 * 10 -^4
(^200) 1.87 * 10 -^3 0.0602 (^) 4.48 * 10 -^7 2.40 * 10 -^4
(^220) 1.81 * 10 -^3 0.0584 (^) 4.58 * 10 -^7 2.52 * 10 -^4
(^240) 1.76 * 10 -^3 0.0567 (^) 4.68 * 10 -^7 2.66 * 10 -^4
Note: Properties of air for standard conditions at sea level, converted from SI, are as follows: Temperature 59 F Pressure 14.696 psi Density 2.37 10 ^3 Specific weight .0764 lb/ft 3 Dynamic viscosity 3.736 10 ^7 lb-s/ft^2 Kinematic viscosity 1.57 10 ^4 ft 2 /s
498 APPENDIX E Properties of Air
TABLE E.3 Properties of air at various altitudes
SI Units U.S. Customary System Units
Altitude (m)
Temperature T ( C)
Pressure P (kPa)
Density R (kg/m^3 )
Altitude (ft)
Temperature T ( F)
Pressure P (psi)
Density R (slugs/ft 3 )
0 15.00 101.3 1.225 0 59.00 14.696 (^) 2.38 * 10 -^3
200 13.70 98.9 1.202 500 57.22 14.433 (^) 2.34 * 10 -^3
400 12.40 96.6 1.179 1000 55.43 14.173 (^) 2.25 * 10 -^3
600 11.10 94.3 1.156 5000 41.17 12.227 (^) 2.05 * 10 -^3
800 9.80 92.1 1.134 10000 23.34 10.106 (^) 1.76 * 10 -^3
1000 8.50 89.9 1.112 15000 5.51 8.293 (^) 1.50 * 10 -^3
2000 2.00 79.5 1.007 20000 - 12.62 6.753 (^) 1.27 * 10 -^3
3000 - 4.49 70.1 0.9093 30000 - 47.99 4.365 (^) 8.89 * 10 -^4
4000 - 10.98 61.7 0.8194 40000 - 69.70 2.720 (^) 5.85 * 10 -^4
5000 - 17.47 54.0 0.7364 50000 - 69.70 1.683 (^) 3.62 * 10 -^4
10000 - 49.90 26.5 0.4135 60000 - 69.70 1.040 (^) 2.24 * 10 -^4
15000 - 56.50 12.11 0.1948 70000 - 67.30 0.644 (^) 1.38 * 10 -^4
20000 - 56.50 5.53 0.0889 80000 - 61.81 0.400 (^) 8.45 * 10 -^5
25000 - 51.60 2.55 0.0401 90000 - 56.32 0.251 (^) 5.22 * 10 -^5
30000 - 46.64 1.20 0.0184 100000 - 50.84 0.158 (^) 3.25 * 10 -^5
Source: U.S. Standard Atmosphere , 1976 , NOAA-S/T76-1562. Washington, DC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
500 APPENDIX F Dimensions of Steel Pipe
TABLE F.1 Schedule 40
Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall Thickness Inside Diameter Flow Area
NPS (in)
DN
(mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (ft) (mm) (ft 2 ) (m 2 ) (^1) / 8 6 0.405 10.3 0.068 1.73 0.269 0.0224 6.8 0.000 394 (^) 3.660 * 10 - 5
¼ 8 0.540 13.7 0.088 2.24 0.364 0.0303 9.2 0.000 723 (^) 6.717 * 10 -^5 (^3) / 8 10 0.675 17.1 0.091 2.31 0.493 0.0411 12.5 0.001 33 (^) 1.236 * 10 - 4
½ 15 0.840 21.3 0.109 2.77 0.622 0.0518 15.8 0.002 11 (^) 1.960 * 10 -^4
¾ 20 1.050 26.7 0.113 2.87 0.824 0.0687 20.9 0.003 70 (^) 3.437 * 10 -^4
1 25 1.315 33.4 0.133 3.38 1.049 0.0874 26.6 0.006 00 (^) 5.574 * 10 -^4
1¼ 32 1.660 42.2 0.140 3.56 1.380 0.1150 35.1 0.010 39 (^) 9.653 * 10 -^4
1½ 40 1.900 48.3 0.145 3.68 1.610 0.1342 40.9 0.014 14 (^) 1.314 * 10 -^3
2 50 2.375 60.3 0.154 3.91 2.067 0.1723 52.5 0.023 33 (^) 2.168 * 10 -^3
2½ 65 2.875 73.0 0.203 5.16 2.469 0.2058 62.7 0.033 26 (^) 3.090 * 10 -^3
3 80 3.500 88.9 0.216 5.49 3.068 0.2557 77.9 0.051 32 (^) 4.768 * 10 -^3
3½ 90 4.000 101.6 0.226 5.74 3.548 0.2957 90.1 0.068 68 (^) 6.381 * 10 -^3
4 100 4.500 114.3 0.237 6.02 4.026 0.3355 102.3 0.088 40 (^) 8.213 * 10 -^3
5 125 5.563 141.3 0.258 6.55 5.047 0.4206 128.2 0.139 0 (^) 1.291 * 10 -^2
6 150 6.625 168.3 0.280 7.11 6.065 0.5054 154.1 0.200 6 (^) 1.864 * 10 -^2
8 200 8.625 219.1 0.322 8.18 7.981 0.6651 202.7 0.347 2 (^) 3.226 * 10 -^2
10 250 10.750 273.1 0.365 9.27 10.020 0.8350 254.5 0.547 9 (^) 5.090 * 10 -^2
12 300 12.750 323.9 0.406 10.31 11.938 0.9948 303.2 0.777 1 (^) 7.219 * 10 -^2
14 350 14.000 355.6 0.437 11.10 13.126 1.094 333.4 0.939 6 (^) 8.729 * 10 -^2
16 400 16.000 406.4 0.500 12.70 15.000 1.250 381.0 1.227 0. 18 450 18.000 457.2 0.562 14.27 16.876 1.406 428.7 1.553 0.
20 500 20.000 508.0 0.593 15.06 18.814 1.568 477.9 1.931 0. 24 600 24.000 609.6 0.687 17.45 22.626 1.886 574.7 2.792 0.
A P P E N D I X
F
DIMENSIONS OF STEEL PIPE
Nominal
Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall Thickness Inside Diameter Flow Area
NPS (in)
DN
APPENDIX G Dimensions of Steel, Copper, and Plastic Tubing 503
TABLE G.2 Dimensions of Steel and Copper Hydraulic Tubing—
Metric-based sizes
SI Units
Hydraulic Tubing: Steel and copper—selected sizes
Outside diameter OD (mm)
Wall thickness t (mm)
Inside diameter ID (mm)
Flow area A (m^2 )
6 0.8 4.4 1.521 10 ^5 6 1.0 4.0 1.257 10 ^5 8 1.0 6.0 2.827 10 ^5 8 1.2 5.6 2.463 10 ^5
15 1.2 12.6 1.247 10 ^4
15 1.5 12.0 1.131 10 ^4
20 1.2 17.6 2.433 10 ^4
20 1.5 17.0 2.270 10 ^4
25 1.5 22.0 3.801 10 ^4
25 2.0 21.0 3.464 10 ^4
32 1.5 29.0 6.605 10 ^4
32 2.0 28.0 6.158 10 ^4
40 1.5 37.0 1.075 10 ^3
40 2.0 36.0 1.018 10 ^3
50 1.5 47.0 1.735 10 ^3
50 2.0 46.0 1.662 10 ^3
60 2.0 56.0 2.463 10 ^3
60 2.8 54.4 2.324 10 ^3
80 2.8 74.4 4.347 10 ^3
100 3.5 93.0 6.793 10 ^3
120 3.5 113.0 1.003 10 ^2
140 5.0 130.0 1.327 10 ^2
160 5.5 149.0 1.744 10 ^2
180 6.0 168.0 2.217 10 ^2
200 7.0 186.0 2.717 10 ^2
220 8.0 204.0 3.269 10 ^2
240 9.0 222.0 3.871 10 ^2
260 10.0 240.0 4.524 10 ^2
Source: Parker Steel Company—Metric Sized Metals, Toledo, Ohio Note: Numerous other sizes and wall thicknesses available
504 APPENDIX G Dimensions of Steel, Copper, and Plastic Tubing
TABLE G.3 Dimensions of PVC Plastic Pressure Pipe— Metric-based sizes
SI Units
PVC Plastic Pressure Pipe—selected sizes
Outside diameter OD (mm)
Wall thickness t (mm)
Inside diameter ID (mm)
Flow area A (m^2 )
Pressure rating p (bar)
16 1.5 13.0 1.327 10 ^4 20 1.5 17.0 2.270 10 ^4 25 1.9 21.2 3.530 10 ^4
32 2.4 27.2 5.811 10 ^4
40 3.0 34.0 9.079 10 ^4
50 2.4 45.2 1.605 10 ^3
50 3.7 42.6 1.425 10 ^3
63 3.0 57.0 2.552 10 ^3
63 4.7 53.6 2.256 10 ^3
75 3.6 67.8 3.610 10 ^3
75 5.6 63.8 3.197 10 ^3
90 2.8 84.4 5.595 10 ^3
90 4.3 81.4 5.204 10 ^3
90 6.7 76.6 4.608 10 ^3
125 3.1 118.8 1.108 10 ^2
125 4.8 115.4 1.046 10 ^2
125 7.4 110.2 9.538 10 ^3
160 4.0 152.0 1.815 10 ^2
160 6.2 147.6 1.711 10 ^2
160 9.5 141.0 1.561 10 ^2
200 4.9 190.2 2.841 10 ^2
200 7.7 184.6 2.676 10 ^2
200 11.9 176.2 2.438 10 ^2
250 6.2 237.6 4.434 10 ^2
250 9.6 230.8 4.184 10 ^2
250 14.8 220.4 3.815 10 ^2
400 9.8 380.4 1.137 10 ^1
500 12.3 475.4 1.775 10 ^1
Source: epco-plastics.com/pdfs/pvc Notes: 1. Numerous other sizes and wall thicknesses available
- Pressure equivalents:
- 6 bar = 600 kPa = 87 psi
- 10 bar = 1000 kPa = 145 psi
- 16 bar = 1600 kPa = 232 psi
A P P E N D I X
I
DIMENSIONS OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPE
TABLE I.1 Class 150 for 150-psi (1.03-MPa) pressure service Cement lined pipe
Nominal Pipe Size
Outside Diameter
Wall Thickness Inside Diameter Flow Area
(in) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (ft) (mm) (ft^2 ) (m^2 )
4 4.80 121.9 0.315 8.001 4.17 0.348 105.9 0.0948 0. 6 6.90 175.3 0.315 8.001 6.27 0.523 159.3 0.2144 0.
8 9.05 229.9 0.315 8.001 8.42 0.702 213.9 0.3867 0. 10 11.10 281.9 0.325 8.255 10.45 0.871 265.4 0.5956 0. 12 13.20 335.3 0.345 8.763 12.51 1.043 317.8 0.8536 0.
14 15.30 388.6 0.375 9.525 14.55 1.213 369.6 1.155 0. 16 17.40 442.0 0.395 10.033 16.61 1.384 421.9 1.505 0. 18 19.50 495.3 0.405 10.287 18.69 1.558 474.7 1.905 0.
20 21.60 548.6 0.425 10.795 20.75 1.729 527.1 2.348 0. 24 25.80 655.3 0.425 10.795 24.95 2.079 633.7 3.395 0. 30 32.00 812.8 0.465 11.811 31.07 2.589 789.2 5.265 0. 36 38.30 972.8 0.505 12.827 37.29 3.108 947.2 7.584 0.
42 44.50 1130.3 0.535 13.589 43.43 3.619 1103.1 10.287 0. 48 50.80 1290.3 0.585 14.859 49.63 4.136 1260.6 13.434 1.
A P P E N D I X
J
AREAS OF CIRCLES
TABLE J.1 U.S. Customary System units Diameter Area
- APPENDIX F Dimensions of Steel Pipe
- TABLE F.2 Schedule - 1 / 8 6 0.405 10.3 0.095 2.41 0.215 0.017 92 5.5 0.000 253 2.350 * 10 - (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (ft) (mm) (ft 2 ) (m 2 ) - ¼ 8 0.540 13.7 0.119 3.02 0.302 0.025 17 7.7 0.000 497 4.617 * 10 - - 3 / 8 10 0.675 17.1 0.126 3.20 0.423 0.035 25 10.7 0.000 976 9.067 * 10 - - ½ 15 0.840 21.3 0.147 3.73 0.546 0.045 50 13.9 0.001 625 1.510 * 10 - - ¾ 20 1.050 26.7 0.154 3.91 0.742 0.061 83 18.8 0.003 00 2.787 * 10 -
- 1 25 1.315 33.4 0.179 4.55 0.957 0.079 75 24.3 0.004 99 4.636 * 10 -
- 1¼ 32 1.660 42.2 0.191 4.85 1.278 0.106 5 32.5 0.008 91 8.278 * 10 -
- 1½ 40 1.900 48.3 0.200 5.08 1.500 0.125 0 38.1 0.012 27 1.140 * 10 -
- 2 50 2.375 60.3 0.218 5.54 1.939 0.161 6 49.3 0.020 51 1.905 * 10 -
- 2½ 65 2.875 73.0 0.276 7.01 2.323 0.193 6 59.0 0.029 44 2.735 * 10 -
- 3 80 3.500 88.9 0.300 7.62 2.900 0.241 7 73.7 0.045 90 4.264 * 10 -
- 3½ 90 4.000 101.6 0.318 8.08 3.364 0.280 3 85.4 0.061 74 5.736 * 10 -
- 4 100 4.500 114.3 0.337 8.56 3.826 0.318 8 97.2 0.079 86 7.419 * 10 -
- 5 125 5.563 141.3 0.375 9.53 4.813 0.401 1 122.3 0.126 3 1.173 * 10 -
- 6 150 6.625 168.3 0.432 10.97 5.761 0.480 1 146.3 0.181 0 1.682 * 10 -
- 8 200 8.625 219.1 0.500 12.70 7.625 0.635 4 193.7 0.317 4 2.949 * 10 -
- 10 250 10.750 273.1 0.593 15.06 9.564 0.797 0 242.9 0.498 6 4.632 * 10 -
- 12 300 12.750 323.9 0.687 17.45 11.376 0.948 0 289.0 0.705 6 6.555 * 10 -
- 14 350 14.000 355.6 0.750 19.05 12.500 1.042 317.5 0.852 1 7.916 * 10 -
- 16 400 16.000 406.4 0.842 21.39 14.314 1.193 363.6 1.117 0.
- 18 450 18.000 457.2 0.937 23.80 16.126 1.344 409.6 1.418 0.
- 20 500 20.000 508.0 1.031 26.19 17.938 1.495 455.6 1.755 0.
- 24 600 24.000 609.6 1.218 30.94 21.564 1.797 547.7 2.535 0.
- 1 / 8 3.18 0.032 0.813 0.061 0.00508 1.549 2.029 * 10 - 5 1.885 * 10 - (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (ft) (mm) (ft 2 ) (m^2 )
- 0.035 0.889 0.055 0.00458 1.397 1.650 * 10 -^5 1.533 * 10 -
- 3 / 16 4.76 0.032 0.813 0.124 0.01029 3.137 8.319 * 10 - 5 7.728 * 10 -
- 0.035 0.889 0.117 0.00979 2.985 7.530 * 10 -^5 6.996 * 10 -
- ¼ 6.35 0.035 0.889 0.180 0.01500 4.572 1.767 * 10 -^4 1.642 * 10 -
- 0.049 1.24 0.152 0.01267 3.861 1.260 * 10 -^4 1.171 * 10 -
- 5 / 16 7.94 0.035 0.889 0.243 0.02021 6.160 3.207 * 10 - 4 2.980 * 10 -
- 0.049 1.24 0.215 0.01788 5.448 2.509 * 10 -^4 2.331 * 10 -
- 3 / 8 9.53 0.035 0.889 0.305 0.02542 7.747 5.074 * 10 - 4 4.714 * 10 -
- 0.049 1.24 0.277 0.02308 7.036 4.185 * 10 -^4 3.888 * 10 -
- ½ 12.70 0.049 1.24 0.402 0.03350 10.21 8.814 * 10 -^4 8.189 * 10 -
- 0.065 1.65 0.370 0.03083 9.40 7.467 * 10 -^4 6.937 * 10 -
- 5 / 8 15.88 0.049 1.24 0.527 0.04392 13.39 1.515 * 10 - 3 1.407 * 10 -
- 0.065 1.65 0.495 0.04125 12.57 1.336 * 10 -^3 1.242 * 10 -
- ¾ 19.05 0.049 1.24 0.652 0.05433 16.56 2.319 * 10 -^3 2.154 * 10 -
- 0.065 1.65 0.620 0.05167 15.75 2.097 * 10 -^3 1.948 * 10 -
- 7 / 8 22.23 0.049 1.24 0.777 0.06475 19.74 3.293 * 10 - 3 3.059 * 10 -
- 0.065 1.65 0.745 0.06208 18.92 3.027 * 10 -^3 2.812 * 10 -
- 1 25.40 0.065 1.65 0.870 0.07250 22.10 4.128 * 10 -^3 3.835 * 10 - - 0.083 2.11 0.834 0.06950 21.18 3.794 * 10 -^3 3.524 * 10 -
- 1¼ 31.75 0.065 1.65 1.120 0.09333 28.45 6.842 * 10 -^3 6.356 * 10 - - 0.083 2.11 1.084 0.09033 27.53 6.409 * 10 -^3 5.954 * 10 -
- 1½ 38.10 0.065 1.65 1.370 0.1142 34.80 1.024 * 10 -^2 9.510 * 10 - - 0.083 2.11 1.334 0.1112 33.88 9.706 * 10 -^3 9.017 * 10 -
- 1¾ 44.45 0.065 1.65 1.620 0.1350 41.15 1.431 * 10 -^2 1.330 * 10 - - 0.083 2.11 1.584 0.1320 40.23 1.368 * 10 -^2 1.271 * 10 -
- 2 50.80 0.065 1.65 1.870 0.1558 47.50 1.907 * 10 -^2 1.772 * 10 - - 0.083 2.11 1.834 0.1528 46.58 1.835 * 10 -^2 1.704 * 10 -
- 0.25 0.0208 0.0491 3.409 * 10 - (in) (ft) (in^2 ) (ft^2 )
- 0.50 0.0417 0.1963 1.364 * 10 -
- 0.75 0.0625 0.4418 3.068 * 10 -
- 1.00 0.0833 0.7854 5.454 * 10 -
- 1.25 0.1042 1.227 8.522 * 10 -
- 1.50 0.1250 1.767 1.227 * 10 -
- 1.75 0.1458 2.405 1.670 * 10 -
- 2.00 0.1667 3.142 2.182 * 10 -
- 2.50 0.2083 4.909 3.409 * 10 -
- 3.00 0.2500 7.069 4.909 * 10 -
- 3.50 0.2917 9.621 6.681 * 10 -
- 4.00 0.3333 12.57 8.727 * 10 -
- 4.50 0.3750 15.90 0.
- 5.00 0.4167 19.63 0.
- 6.00 0.5000 28.27 0.
- 7.00 0.5833 38.48 0.
- 8.00 0.6667 50.27 0.
- 9.00 0.7500 63.62 0.
- 10.00 0.8333 78.54 0.
- 12.00 1.00 113.1 0.
- 18.00 1.50 254.5 1.
- 24.00 2.00 452.4 3.
