Síndrome de Opalski: Reporte de un caso, Apuntes de Neurología

El síndrome de Opalski se considera una variante del síndrome de Wallenberg, la presencia de hemiplejia ipsilateral

en el primero representa la diferencia. El síndrome de Wallenberg o síndrome medular lateral se genera por la

oclusión de la arteria cerebelosa posteroinferior o la arteria vertebral intracraneal (1), que el comprometer la zona

superior de la médula espinal en la región posterolateral del bulbo, lleva al desarrollo de síntomas como hipoestesia

ipsilateral de la cara, hipoestesia en hemicuerpo contralateral, pérdida del reflejo nauseoso, disfagia, ronquera y

disartria, pérdida ipsilateral de la coordinación, vértigo, nauseas, vómito, nistagmos, síndrome de Horner ipsilateral

y lateropulsión (2). El componente motor (hemiplejia ipsilateral) que acompaña al síndrome de Opalski es causado

SUMMARY

Opalski syndrome is considered a variant of Wallenberg syndrome. Ipsilateral hemiplegia is the factor that repre-

sents the difference. Wallenberg syndrome also called lateral medullary syndrome is caused by the occlusion of the

posterior inferior cerebellar artery or the intracranial vertebral artery, compromising the upper zone of the spinal

cord at posterolateral medulla, causing symptoms as ipsilateral hypoesthesia of the face, contralateral hypoesthesia,

pain and sensation deficit in the contralateral limbs and body, absent gag reflex, dysphagia, hoarseness and dysar-

thria, ipsilateral ataxia, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, nystagmus, ipsilateral Horner syndrome. The motor component

(ipsilateral hemiplegia) involved in Opalski syndrome is due to the lesion is located in a lower level of the spinal

cord, at the level of the decussation of pyramids affecting the caudal corticospinal fibers. We discuss a patient who

develop an Opalski syndrome caused by an arterial dissection after a car accident.