Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet
Therapy Chapter 5 Digestion,
Absorption, And Metabolism Test With
All Answers
Digestion and the Digestive Organs - correct answer-Food must change into simpler
substances to be absorbed and sustain life.
-Through mechanical and chemical digestion, food breaks down to nutrients to be
used for the body's nutritional value via digestion, absorption, and metabolism.
-Each part of the gastrointestinal (GI) system performs the mechanical and chemical
breakdown of foods: Mouth, Stomach, and small and large intestine
Digestion - correct answer-food is broken down in the GI tract to release nutrients in
forms that the body can absorb
Absorption - correct answer-cells that line the GI tract "take in" nutrients
Transport - correct answer-movement of nutrients through the circulatory system
from one area of the body to another
Metabolism - correct answer-all of the changes in the cell that produce material for
energy, tissue building, and metabolic controls
Assessory Organs in digestion - correct answer-liver, pancreas, and gallbladder
Mechanical Digestion -muscles and nerves - correct answer--Mastication = biting
and chewing to break down food
-food swallowed and passes down esophagus via peristaltic waves
-muscles at tongue base facilitate swallowing process
-Gastroesophageal sphincter at entrance to stomach relaxes; food entered stomach,
then sphincter constricts to retain food
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) - correct answer-A digestive disease in
which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.
Digestion in the Mouth and Esophagus - correct answer-Key enzymes for chemical
digestion:
1. Amylase
2. Lipase
3. Trypsin and pepsin
-not much chemical change in mouth because food does not stay long
-mouth is preparatory stage to get food ready for stomach
