EXAM

I. Multiple Choice

1. Suppose you were a research participant in one of Wilhelm Wundt’s studies… Most likely you

would have been required to:

a. Be hypnotized by Wundt himself

b. Report the content of your dreams over a series of nights

c. Report your reactions to various stimuli

d. Write a stream of consciousness essay

2. John Watson rejected ___________ in favor of studying ___________

a. introspection… structuralism

b. phenomenology… animals

c. the mind… behavior

d. behavior… the mind

3. From the case of Phineas Gage, one thing we learned was:

a. Brain damage can occur without changing personality

b. The frontal lobe is involved in thinking, planning, and impulse-inhibition

c. The parietal lobe is responsible for personality characteristics

d. Intellectual functioning is localized in the occipital lobe.

4. The results of our online survey demonstrated that the more the class reported drinking beer,

the more you reported having upset stomachs; thus,

a. Drinking beer causes people to have upset stomachs

b. Drinking beer is one of many causes of upset stomachs

c. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking are positively correlated

d. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking have a negative correlation coefficient (r).

5. In class when we all “acted out” neurons, your fingers were ________, that received messages;

your bodies were axons that ________ signals; and, your feet were _______ responsible for

transmission.

a. Dendrites…insulate…axons

b. Axons…conduct…dendrites

c. Dendrites…conduct…axon terminals

d. Axon terminals…conduct…dendrites

6. In the Greenwald et al. study of subliminal self-help tapes discussed in class, research

participants heard either correctly labeled or mis-labeled self esteem or memory improvement

tapes, then were tested for self-esteem and memory. The results revealed that:

a. All participants who actually heard self-esteem tapes had increased self-esteem

b. All participants who actually heard memory-improvement tapes had increased memory

ability.

c. Only those who thought they were listening to a self-esteem or memory-improvement

tape showed improvement

d. There was no improvement, regardless of tape heard, but participants thought they had

improved.

7. A chef wants to add just enough vanilla to a recipe to make its taste barely detectable. The

chef’s problem is closely related to the concept of:

a. The difference threshold

b. The absolute threshold

c. Weber’s law

d. The JND

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EXAM

I. Multiple Choice

Suppose you were a research participant in one of Wilhelm Wundt’s studies… Most likely you would have been required to: a. Be hypnotized by Wundt himself b. Report the content of your dreams over a series of nights c. Report your reactions to various stimuli d. Write a stream of consciousness essay
John Watson rejected ___________ in favor of studying ___________ a. introspection… structuralism b. phenomenology… animals c. the mind… behavior d. behavior… the mind
From the case of Phineas Gage, one thing we learned was: a. Brain damage can occur without changing personality b. The frontal lobe is involved in thinking, planning, and impulse-inhibition c. The parietal lobe is responsible for personality characteristics d. Intellectual functioning is localized in the occipital lobe.
The results of our online survey demonstrated that the more the class reported drinking beer, the more you reported having upset stomachs; thus, a. Drinking beer causes people to have upset stomachs b. Drinking beer is one of many causes of upset stomachs c. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking are positively correlated d. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking have a negative correlation coefficient (r).
In class when we all “acted out” neurons, your fingers were ________, that received messages; your bodies were axons that ________ signals; and, your feet were _______ responsible for transmission. a. Dendrites…insulate…axons b. Axons…conduct…dendrites c. Dendrites…conduct…axon terminals d. Axon terminals…conduct…dendrites
In the Greenwald et al. study of subliminal self-help tapes discussed in class, research participants heard either correctly labeled or mis-labeled self esteem or memory improvement tapes, then were tested for self-esteem and memory. The results revealed that: a. All participants who actually heard self-esteem tapes had increased self-esteem b. All participants who actually heard memory-improvement tapes had increased memory ability. c. Only those who thought they were listening to a self-esteem or memory-improvement tape showed improvement d. There was no improvement, regardless of tape heard, but participants thought they had improved.
A chef wants to add just enough vanilla to a recipe to make its taste barely detectable. The chef’s problem is closely related to the concept of: a. The difference threshold b. The absolute threshold c. Weber’s law d. The JND

To avoid waking up your room-mate, you pick out your clothes in the semi-darkness of dawn. The bright bathroom light reveals a near fashion mistake- a red shirt, green pants and purple socks. Your problem is that : a. Rods only operate in bright light to show color b. Cones, which detect color, don’t operate in semi-darkness c. The lens only lets in color in bright light d. Only the center of the retina operates in semi-darkness
Suppose John Kerry’s new advertising campaign wants a patriotic theme where viewers “see” a red, white and blue American flag on the screen that is actually blank. What color flag should they present in the ad for viewers to fixate on before the screen goes blank? a. Blue, white, and red b. Green, black, and yellow c. Red, orange, and yellow d. Blue, indigo and violet
After a night out on Sixth Street, Johnny was pulled over by the cops and asked to walk a straight line and touch his nose with one finger. He was unable to do this because alcohol affects the __________, instrumental in coordinating __________. a. Hypothalamus…fear responses b. Cerebellum… muscle movements c. Corpus Callosum…the right and left hemispheres of the brain. d. Broca’s area…language
In class we discussed the case of “Julia” who exhibited unexplained fits of rage, temper tantrums and violent outburst. Surgery that destroyed part of her ________ was accompanied by a mellowing effect. a. Hippocampus b. Hypothalamus c. Amygdala d. Reticular formation
Because the olfactory bulbs extend some of their axons to directly into the brain’s limbic system, it is not surprising that certain smells are associated with a. Tastes b. Emotional memories c. Visual afterimages d. Certain sounds
If we were to collect t-shirts from the 30 students in our class, we would most likely find: a. Your room-mates might confuse your scent for their own b. Your mothers would not be able to pick out their own children’s c. People would be able to differentiate between men and women’s d. Most of you would report smelling your own shirts was sexually arousing.
Which expression is most closely related to the concept of perceptual set a. We see what we expect to see b. In one ear and out the other c. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush d. Here today, gone tomorrow

Which example shows the current thinking about the effects of biology and environment on psychological characteristics? a. Genes control only physical traits such as eye color. b. Genetic predispositions are moderated by environmental influences. c. Behavioral traits are controlled exclusively by environmental factors. d. Genetic predispositions are much weaker than environmental forces.
Which of the following is not a function of neurons? a. To integrate signals from other neurons b. To take in information from other neurons c. To communicate with other neurons using electrical impulses d. To pass signals along to other neurons
If you were trying to show off when a friend tells you she "pinched a nerve" in her back, you would tell her the part(s) of the neuron she is referring to is/are the: a. Dendrites b. Axon c. Soma d. Terminal buttons
In an intense soccer game, a player has been receiving a physical beating and is close to exhaustion. Most likely her endorphin level is _____, _____ the pain that she feels. a. High…increasing b. Low…increasing c. High…reducing d. Low…reducing
The action potential a. Transmits an electrical signal through the cell body that causes a release of chemicals. b. Transmits chemical signals through the cell body that send an electrical charge to other neurons. c. Transmits the external stimulation of a neuron. d. Transmits the electrical neutralization of the outside of a neuron.
One student wrote in their journal that a friend claimed humans only use 10% of their brain at any given time. Although incorrect, this belief would be best explained by which theory? a. Equipotentiality b. Law of mass action c. Functional localization d. Phrenology
What is one of the conclusions of the study discussed in class regarding monozygotic (MZ) twins reared together versus MZ twins reared apart? a. The environment has a large influence on psychological characteristics. b. The environment makes siblings similar on psychological characteristics. c. The environment has a small influence on psychological characteristics. d. Parents shouldn’t waste so much time creating stimulating environments.
What best describes the spinal cord and its activities? a. It operates completely separately from the brain. b. It operates only in conjunction with the brain. c. It relays information to the brain and can operate autonomously. d. It is involved in complex physical tasks.

Which of the following behaviors is not under the control of the brain stem? a. eating food b. achieving orgasm c. going on a diet d. gagging
South American Indians are known to use Curare on hunting expeditions in order to block __________ receptors and _____________. a. Dopamine … get high b. Acetylcholine…calm themselves c. Acetylcholine…paralyze their prey d. Dopamine…motivate themselves to take chances
If someone is trying to tickle you with a feather while you sleep and you don't feel it, what is happening? a. The sensation exceeds the absolute threshold. b. The sensation fails to meet the absolute threshold. c. The sensation exceeds Weber's fraction. d. The sensation fails to meet Weber's fraction.
What is different about the relaying of smell related (as opposed to non–smell related) sensory information? a. Smell related information goes through the thalamus to the cerebral cortex. b. Smell related information goes through the pons to the cerebral cortex. c. Smell related information goes directly to the cerebral cortex. d. Smell related information is not relayed to the cerebral cortex.
How, if at all, does the involvement of the nervous system differ when you are engaged in a complex behavior such as carrying on a conversation, compared to a reflexive behavior such as sneezing? a. The nervous system reacts identically in both cases. b. In the case of sneezing, the brain is not involved. c. In the case of carrying out a conversation, the brain is more involved. d. In the case of reflexive behavior, only sensory neurons are involved.
Instead of drawing a normal portrait, a sidewalk artist decides to draw your body as perceived by the somatosensory cortex. What should it look like? a. A pretty accurate portrayal of your unique body b. The more important the body part, the larger it should be c. The face, hands and fingers should be disproportionately large d. The farther from the brain, the smaller the body part should be
If perception could occur with no physical stimulus, which type of extrasensory perception would explain a student being able to predict which questions would be on this test? a. Clairvoyance b. Telepathy c. Precognition d. An illusion of connection

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