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CHAPTER 5: Trends and Fads: Spotting, Accepting, and Rejecting Trend Defined Trend is a “recurrent phenomenon that takes place over time and gives rise to speculation on the future” (Sanders, and Rothwell 2002). Examples of Trends Facebook – is the most common social network website where you can share information about yourself and communicate with other people. Twitter – it lets you see what is happening around the world, from breaking news and entertainment, sports, and poltics to big news and everyday interest. Trend analysis is “an examination of these phenomena and speculation on the likely impact they will have in the future. Any given phenomenon and prediction which likely to happen or any craze/fad or trend that would likely emerge needs to be examined. Trend analysis is the widespread practice of collecting information and attempting to spot a pattern, or trend, in the information Cornish (2004) and Canton (2006) defined trends as a collage of present circumstances that extend current patterns into the future. Trends analysis grants societies “future vision” allowing populations to be proactive in response to future events. Included in a definition of a trend are three commonalities that trends share:
- Trends are a complex synthesis of information from a wide variety of fields.
- All trends use pattern identification and recognition to make predictions when talking about the future.
- Trends use time frames to evaluate their evolution. Objectives: 1. Discover the differences between a trend and a fad. 2. Apply critical thinking in spotting a fad and a trend. 3. Apply critical thinking in accepting or rejecting a trend or fad.
Trends are best guesses for future events or patterns that are based on present peripheral and historical information. This information can be obtained by sophisticated methods such as computer modeling, polling, surveying, or it can be compiled through retroactive analysis of past trends. Synthesizing many factors and considering a multitude of variables allow humans to simplify the complexity and chaos of the interrelatedness of events into a reality that can accommodate present modalities of thought (Cornish 2004). Fads are normally micro trends that exist under the umbrella of an actual trend. (Naisbith
- Trends are often classified as short-term—one to three years, mid-term—three to ten years, or long-term—ten to 50 years (Cornish 2004). The ability to frame a trend in time is what ultimately gives a trend credibility. Thinking of trends along a linear timeline however is not always correct as trends can never go back on themselves becoming cyclical or trends can fuse or converge with other trends occurring in the same time frame (Canton 2006). Trending is an important skill in the 21st^ century affording those inclined a portal into the future. In addition, trends allow preemptive judgements and actions toward future events and conditions. Due to the interrelatedness of all things in the universe, trends are a complex fusion of past, present, and future information and present humans’ best guess prediction over time. The trend toward portable music players, on the other hand, started with the invention of big, heavy, portable “boom boxes” and morphed into personal Cd players---continuing to grow and change into the MP3 portable music player phenomenon that we see today. Fad Defined Fad is something, such as an interest or fashion, that is very popular for a short time (Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary). A fad is a product that has little, if any, utility but is characterized by a quick rise in sales and popularity followed by a quick decline in sales and popularity. This quick up and down in sales is because fad products usually do not satisfy a strong consumer need. Nevertheless, fads seldom completely die out with some hardcore followers remaining loyal. Some classic examples of fad: Hula hoop Yo-yo Virtual pets
What Does ALS Mean ALS stands for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , a disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. A-myo-trophic is from the Greek language or negative, “myo” means muscle, and “trophic” means nourishment. “Lateral” refers to the areas in the spinal cord where portions of the nerve cells that signal and control the muscles are located. As the lateral degenerates, it leads to scarring or hardening (or sclerosis) in the affected part. What Does ALS Do to the Body? ALS causes the progressive degeneration of the motor neurons, which control muscle movements. As motor neurons degenerate, they can no longer send impulses to the muscle fibers that normally result in movement. When muscles no longer receive messages from the motor neurons, they begin to shrink. Dead motor neurons make the brain lose its ability to initiate and control muscle movement, affecting the action of voluntary muscles which could lead to total paralysis. What are the Symptoms of ALS? To be diagnosed with ALS, patients must have signs and symptoms of both upper and lower motor neuron damage. Body parts affected by early ALS symptoms depend on which motor neurons in the body are damaged first. About 75% of patients first experience “limb onset”—symptoms in the arms (difficulty in arm activities such as writing) or legs (awkwardness when walking or running, tripping, or stumbling, etc.)—while about 25% experience “bulbar onset” (difficulty is speaking clearly or swallowing). Upper motor neuron degeneration leads to tight and stiff muscles and exaggerated reflexes, while lower motor neuron degeneration causes muscle weakness and atrophy, muscle cramps, and twitches of muscles. In later stages, lung and eye functions may be affected. Most people with ALS die from respiratory failure, usually within 3 to 5 years from the onset of symptoms. However, about 10% of those with ALS survive for 10 or more years. What Causes ALS?
The cause of ALS is not yet completely known. But scientific researches have found that ALS may have some genetic links. In 1993, scientific discovered that mutations in the gene that produce SOD1 enzyme are associated with some cases of ALS. Also, in 2011, scientist found that a defect in the C9orf72 gene is present in both ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, revealing that these disorders may be related. In 90 to 95 percent of all ALS cases, the disease occurs randomly, with no clear factor or cause. Environmental factors such as exposure to toxic or infectious agents, physical trauma, and behavioral and occupational factors are also being studied to see whether they also cause ALS. Who Get ALS? ALS is considered to be one of the most common neuromuscular diseases worldwide. In 90 to 95% of all ALS cases, the disease occurs randomly, with no clear factor or cause. In the US, there are 3.9 cases per 100,000 persons. ALS is said to be more common among white males, non-Hispanics, and persons aged 60-69 years, but younger and older people can also develop the disease. About 5 to 10% of all ALS cases are inherited. How Is ALS Treated? There is no cure yet for ALS. But in 1995, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of riluzole, which is believed to reduce damage to motor neurons. This drug prolongs survival by several months, but does not appear already-damaged motor neurons. Also, physical therapy and special equipment can enhance an individual’s independence and safety throughout the course of ALS. What Is ALS Ice Bucket Challenge? Participants who accept the challenge (mostly those who have been tagged or mentioned by challenges) have to record a video of themselves pouring ice-cold water on their head. They have to state that they choose to participate to raise awareness of ALS, and that they have to accomplish it within 24 hours after they are identified by a challenger. Those who are challenged but choose not to accept it will have to donate $100 to an ALS association of his her choice. However, most of those who accepted the challenge particularly big personalities, still pledge to donate. How Did the Ice Bucket Challenge Begin?
Similar to previous Pokémon games, players travel the world to capture and battle the monsters in their quest to become the greatest Pokémon trainers. However, while the trips in the previous games were imaginary and conducted within the confines of a room, Pokémon Go forces players to get off their chairs and venture outside. That’s because the game uses the phone’s GPS and camera to help players “find” Pokemon in the real world, as well as discover various landmarks or Pokéstops, which offer items and experience points. This could mean finding a Rattata in your backyard, a Pidgey around the block, or a Pokéstop at your favorite neighborhood ice cream parlor. The Pokémon are usually themed around the area they appear — for instance, players might find water Pokémon near rivers and lakes or ghost-type Pokémon around graveyards. The game itself involves just a single player trying to build the biggest collection of Pokémon. However, thanks to the fact that hundreds of fans often converge to areas and landmarks with Pokémon or Pokéstops at the same time, the game is also giving fans a chance to meet up with like-minded gamers and make new friends. An added advantage? It makes exercising fun! But entertaining as it is, experts do caution players to be cognizant of their surroundings as they scour the neighborhoods to catch the imaginary monsters. The game has already resulted in some serious injuries, and the numbers can only increase as additional people join the fray. An additional issue has been an increase in trespassing, as players seek to capture Pokémon in neighbors’ yards, or even in places where gameplay is inappropriate, such as funerals or the Holocaust Museum in Washington, DC. However, these concerns have not affected Pokémon Go’s popularity yet. Less than a month after its launch in the US, the game has reportedly been downloaded over 75 million times, and people are spending more time playing it than going on Twitter or Facebook. In fact, Pokémon Go, which has yet to debut in many countries around the world, has far exceeded Niantic’s expectations, and the unprecedented demand is causing the company servers to crash frequently. While Hanke and his team can surmount the technology issues, the bigger challenge they face is introducing new features that help maintain the game’s viral success.
Meanwhile, critics are calling Pokémon Go a temporary phenomenon that will end within months, if not weeks. Fans, on the other hand, think the game is just the beginning of a long- term movement! What do you believe? Be sure to let us know by adding your comments below. For further readings please refer to the links provided: Trend or Fad? What is ALS and Ice Bucket Challenge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vf1Z1cUzo-k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4F0tLJczUs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IsMly7GXC8k References: Mangiduyos, Gladys P. TRENDS, NETWORKS, AND CRITICAL THINKING IN THE 21ST CENTURY. Manila:Rex Bookstore https://www.colleendilen.com/2016/04/27/fads-vs- trends-how-organizations-can-tell-the-difference-and-why-it-matters/ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/symptoms- causes/syc- 20354022 https://www.dogonews.com/2016/8/2/pokemon-go-takes-the-world-by-storm
