CIE 114: Geology for Engineers
THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH
Geology - the study of the solid earth.
Main Branches Allied Branches
- Physical Geology - Engineering Geology
- Mineralogy - Mining Geology
- Petrology - Geophysics
- Structural Geology - Geohydrology
- Stratigraphy - Geochemistry
- Economical Geology
Physical Geology
- Deals with physical features of the earth, natural phenomena like landslides, earthquakes, and
weathering.
Mineralogy
Study of minerals.
Petrology
Study of rocks.
Structural Geology
- Deals with deformations, dislocations, and disturbances under the influence of tectonic forces.
Stratigraphy
- Study of Earth’s history.
Economical Geology
- Deals with economic minerals like talc, graphite, mica, asbestos, and others.
HISTORY OF EARTH
299 million years ago
- (At the start of the Permian Period of geological time), Pangea (Pangaea) existed.
100 million years before
- It began to break up.
1915
- The concept of Pangea was first developed by German meteorologist and geophysicist Alfred Wegener.
Continental drift
- Large-scale horizontal movements of continents.
- Relative to the ocean basins during one or more episodes of geologic time.
