Rizal's Retraction and the First Mass in the Philippines, Cheat Sheet of History

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READING IN

PHILIPPINE

HISTORY

RETRACTION OF JOSE RIZAL

RETRACTIONS OF JOSE RIZAL

JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO

REALONDA

• He is also known as Jose Rizal
• He was born on June 19, 1861
• National Hero of the Philippines
• He is well known on his patriotism, affirmation

against his enemies especially the Spaniards through

his noble writings.

MAJOR ARGUMENTS FOR THE RETRACTION

• 1. Archivist Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M. Discovered the “original”

text containing the so-called retraction formula in the

archdiocesan archives on May 18, 1935, thirty-nine years after

Rizal’s execution. This Retraction “Document” found was

considered imperative evidence to the Retraction, itself. The

text appears to have been released to the press and published

after the death of Rizal, but the original document was not

produced until 1935 because it was believed that the

documents were handed by Fr. Balaguer to Fr. Pi and from Fr. Pi

to Fr. Nozaleda to kept safely by his secretary

2. There were eyewitnesses closely associated with

the events – According to Ricardo P. Garcia’s “The

Great Debate: The Rizal’s Retraction” there were

two great testimonies of eyewitnesses who were

privy to what happened in Rizal’s cell from early

morning of December 29 to 6:30 am of December

1.According to Fr. Vicente Balaguer, Rizal woke up

several times, confessed four times, attended a

Mass, received communion, and prayed the rosary,

all of which seemed inconsistent of his personality.

Evidence That Jose Rizal Retract

I declare myself Catholic and in this

religion in which I was born and educated I

wish to live and die.

I retract from all that in my words, texts,

publications and conduct I have done

contrary to my quality as a son of the

Catholic Church. I believe and profess all

that she teaches and all that she demands.

I abhor free masonry as enemy it is of the

Church, and as a society banned by the

Church. May the Diocesan Prelate as

Superior Ecclesiastic Authority make public

this spontaneous manifestation of mine to

SITE OF FIRST MASS IN

THE PHILIPPINES

• When Ferdinand Magellan and his

European crew sailed from San Lucar de

Barrameda for an expedition to search for

spices, these explorers landed on the

Philippines after their voyage from other

proximate areas. On March 28, 1521,

while at sea, they saw a bonfire which

turned out to be Limasawa where they

anchored.

BLOOD COMPACT

Antonio Pigafetta

He travelled with the

Portuguese explorer

Ferdinand Magellan and

his crew on their first

Voyage around the

World

Was one of the 18 men

who returned in Spain

in 1522.

Ferdinand Magellan

A Portuguese navigator,

attempting to sail around the

world for Spain to prove that

the Earth is round-

• Magellan and his expedition

were the first Europeans to

reach the Philippines, a stop

on the first circumnavigation

of the globe

The First Mass

-On March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday in Limasawa Island,

Leyte Magellan ordered a mass to be celebrated which wa

officiated by Father Pedro Valderrama, the Andalusian

chaplain of the fleet-

-Conducted near the shores of the island, the Holy First

Mass marked the birth of Roman Catholicism in the

Philippines Colambu and Siaiu were the first natives of the

archipelago, which was not yet named “Philippines”

The First Baptism

-On April 14, 1521, Humabon along with his

wives, relatives, courtiers, and practically the

entire populace of Cebu was baptized by Father

Valderama-

- Humabon was named Carlos, in honor of King

Charles I of Spain, while his principal wife was

named Juana, after King Charles’ mother,

Johanna-

PLANTING OF THE CROSS

-Magellan’s chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta,

who recorded the event said:

“After the cross was erected in position,

each of us repeated a Pater Noster and an

Ave Maria, and adored the cross; and the

kings [Colambu and Siaiu] did the same.”

PROCLAMATION OF

NATIONAL SHRINE