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CONTENTS:
Unit I: Fundamentals of Nursing
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Nursing
Chapter 2: Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing
Chapter 3. Documentation
Chapter 4. Communication
Chapter 5. Nursing Process and Critical Thinking
Chapter 6. Cultural and Ethnic Considerations Unit II: Fundamentals of Clinical Practice
Chapter 7. Asepsis and Infection Control
Chapter 8. Body Mechanics and Patient Mobility
Chapter 9. Hygiene and Care of the Patient’s Environment
Chapter 10.Safety
Chapter 11. Admission, Transfer, and Discharge Unit III: Introduction to Nursing Interventions
Chapter 12. Vital Signs
Chapter 13. Physical Assessment
Chapter 14. Oxygenation
Chapter 15. Elimination and Gastric Intubation
Chapter 16. Care of Patients Experiencing Urgent Alterations in Health
Chapter 17. Dosage Calculation and Medication Administration
Chapter 18. Fluids and Electrolytes
Chapter 19. Nutritional Concepts and Related Therapies
Chapter 20. Complementary and Alternative Therapies
Chapter 21. Pain Management, Comfort, Rest, and Sleep
Chapter 22. Surgical Wound Care
Chapter 23. Specimen Collection and Diagnostic Testing Unit IV: Nursing Care across the Life Span
Chapter 24. Lifespan Development
Chapter 25. Loss, Grief, Dying, and Death
Chapter 26. Health Promotion and Pregnancy
Chapter 27. Labor and Delivery
Chapter 28. Care of the Mother and Newborn
Chapter 29. Care of the High-Risk Mother, Newborn, and Family with Special Needs
Chapter 30. Health Promotion for the Infant, Child, and Adolescent
Chapter 31. Basic Pediatric Nursing Care
Chapter 32. Care of the Child with a Physical and Mental or Cognitive Disorder
Chapter 33. Health Promotion and Care of the Older Adult
Unit V: Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing
Chapter 34. Concepts of Mental Health
Chapter 35. Care of the Patient with a Psychiatric Disorder
Chapter 36. Care of the Patient with an Addictive Personality
Unit VI: Fundamentals of Community Health Nursing
Chapter 37. Home Health Nursing
Chapter 38. Long-Term Care
Chapter 39. Rehabilitation Nursing
Chapter 40. Hospice Care
Unit VII: Adult Health Nursing
Chapter 41. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 42. Care of the Surgical Patient
Chapter 43. Care of the Patient with an Integumentary Disorder
Chapter 44. Care of the Patient with a Musculoskeletal Disorder
Chapter 45. Care of the Patient with a Gastrointestinal Disorder
Chapter 46. Care of the Patient with a Gallbladder, Liver, Biliary Tract, or Exocrine Pancreatic Disorder
Chapter 47. Care of the Patient with a Blood or Lymphatic Disorder
Chapter 48. Care of the Patient with a Cardiovascular or a Peripheral Vascular Disorder
Chapter 49. Care of the Patient with a Respiratory Disorder
Chapter 50. Care of the Patient with a Urinary Disorder
Chapter 51. Care of the Patient with an Endocrine Disorder
Chapter 52. Care of the Patient with a Reproductive Disorder
Chapter 53. Care of the Patient with a Visual or Auditory Disorder
Chapter 54. Care of the Patient with a Neurological Disorder
Chapter 55. Care of the Patient with an Immune Disorder
Chapter 56. Care of the Patient with HIV/AIDS
Chapter 57. Care of the Patient with Cancer Unit VIII: From Graduate to Professional
Chapter 58. Professional Roles and Leadership
or RN.
The nurse must recognize that in the health care delivery system, the major goal
is to achieve optimal levels of health care. The health caresystem consists of a
network of agencies, facilities, and providers involved with health care in a
specified geographic area. Insurance companies do have involvement in the
health care system. The illnessof patients is not necessarily affected by the
health care system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 17 OBJ: 7 TOP: Health care systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
3. What is required by the health care team to identify the needs of
apatient and to design care to meet those needs?
a. The Kardex
b. The physician’s order sheet
c. An individualized care plan
d. The nurse’s notes
ANS: C
An individualized care plan involves all health care workers and outlines care
to meet the needs of the individual patient. The Kardex, physician’s order
sheet, and nurse’s notes do not identify the needs ofthe patient nor are they
designed to assist all members of the health care team to meet those needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 24 OBJ: 8| 9 TOP: Care plan KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: N/A
4. Patient care emphasis on wellness, rather than illness, begins as aresult of:
a. increased education concerning
causes of illness.
b. improved insurance payments.
c. decentralized care centers.
d. increased number of health
care givers.
ANS: A
The acute awareness of preventive medicine has resulted in today’s emphasis on
education about issues such as smoking, heart disease, drug and alcohol abuse,
weight control, and mental health and wellness promotion activities. This
preventive education has resulted inan emphasis on wellness, rather than illness.
Improved insurance payments, decentralized care centers, and increased
or RN.
numbers of health care givers did not influence an emphasis on wellness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 23 OBJ: 4| 8 TOP: Wellness KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. What is the most effective process to ensure that the care plan
ismeeting the needs of the patient?
a. Documentation
b. Communication
c. Evaluation
d. Planning
ANS: B
Communication is the primary essential component among the healthcare team
to evaluate and modify the care plan. Documentation, evaluation, and planning
are not primary essential components to
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 24 OBJ: 8TOP: Communication KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
6. How does an interdisciplinary approach to patient treatment enhancecare?
a. By improving efficiency of care
b. By reducing the number of
caregivers
c. By preventing the
fragmentation of patient care
d. By shortening hospital stay
ANS: C
An interdisciplinary approach prevents fragmentation of care. An
interdisciplinary approach does not improve the efficiency of care,reduce the
number of caregivers, or shorten hospital stay.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 24 OBJ: 8| 9TOP: Interdisciplinary approach KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
7. How may a newly licensed LPN/LVN practice?
d. Florence Nightingale
ANS: D
The influence of Florence Nightingale was highly significant in the
19thcentury as she fought for sanitary conditions, fresh air, and general
improvement in the patient environment. Clara Barton developed the
American Red Cross in 1881.
Linda Richards is known as the first trained nurse in America, was
responsible for the development of the first nursing and
hospitalrecords,
and is credited with the development of our present-day documentation system.
Dorothea Dix was the pioneer crusader for elevation of standards of care for the
mentally ill and superintendent offemale nurses of the Union Army.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4, 41, Table 1- OBJ: 2| 4 TOP: Nursing leaders KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
9. Wha t document ide nti fi e s the role s a nd re s pon s i bi liti e s o f the L P N / L VN?
a. NLN Accreditation Standards
b. Nurse Practice Act
c. NAPNE Code
d. American Nurses’ Association
Code
ANS: B
The LPN/LVN functions under the Nurse Practice Act. NLN Accreditation
Standards, the NAPNE Code, and the American Nurses’ Association Code do
not identify the roles and responsibilities of the LPN/LVN.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 27 OBJ: 11 TOP: Roles and Responsibilities KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
10. What is a cost-effective delivery of care used by many hospitals that allows
the LPN/LVN to work with the RN to meet the needs of patients?
a. Focused nursing
b. Team nursing
c. Case management
d. Primary nursing
ANS: C
Case management is a cost-effective method of care. Focused nursing,team
nursing, and primary nursing are not cost-effective methods of delivering care
that allow the LPN/LVN to work with the RN to meet
patient needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 22 OBJ: 7| 9 TOP: Patient care delivery systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
11. What is the title of the American Hospital Association's 1972 documentthat
outlines the patient’s expectations to be treated with dignity and
compassion?
a. Code of Ethics
b. Patient’s Bill of Rights
c. OBRA
d. Advance directives
ANS: B
Patient expectations are outlined by the Patient’s Bill of Rights.
Patient expectations are not outlined in the Code of Ethics, OBRA, or
advance directives.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 23 OBJ: 4| 8 TOP: Patient’s rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
12. The relationships among nursing, patients, health, and
the environment are the basis for:
15. What premise is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs based on?
a. All needs are equally important.
b. Basic needs must be met before
the next level of needs can
bemet.
c. Self-actualization is a primary
need.
d. Individuals prioritize needs the
same way.
ANS: B
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on the premise that basic needs must be
met first. It is not based on all needs being equally important or that individuals
prioritize needs the same way. Self-actualization is not a primary need
according to Maslow.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 17 OBJ: 8 TOP: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
16. What must the nurse realize when assessing physical and social
environmental factors affecting health and illness?
a. They affect one another.
b. They cause illness.
c. They cause patients to
react similarly.
d. They can be separated.
ANS: A
Physical and social factors affect each other, cannot be separated, andcause each
patient to react in a unique manner. They do not necessarily cause illness or
cause patients to react similarly, and they cannot be separated.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Pages 22, 23 OBJ: 4| 8 TOP: Environmental factors KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
17. What organization, established during World War II, provided
nursing education and training?
a. Nightingale school
b. Cadet Nurse Corps
c. Public health department
d. Frontier Nursing Service
ANS: B
The Cadet Nurse Corps was established during World War II to providenursing
education and training. The Nightingale school, public health department, and
Frontier Nursing Service are not organizations established during World War II
to provide nursing education and training.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 OBJ: 1| 4 TOP: Nursing education KEY: Nursing Process Step:
a. Interdependent care
b. Holistic health care
c. Illness prevention care
d. Health promotion care
ANS: B
Holistic health care encompasses the physical, emotional, social, and
spiritual aspects of the patient.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Pages 17 OBJ: 8 TOP: Health care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
21. What official agency exists exclusively for LPN/LVN membership
and p r o mo te s s ta nda r d s f or the L P N / L VN?
a. NFLPN
b. ANA
c. NLN
d. NAPNES
ANS: A
The NFLPN exists solely for the LPN/LVN. The other options havemembership
that includes RNs and the lay public.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 12 OBJ: 5| 6| 9
TOP: Nursing organizations KEY : Nursing Process^ Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
22. What score does the graduate practical nurse require to be issued alicense
upon completion of the computerized examination?
a. 70% or better
b. This is defined and set by each
state
c. Designated as "pass"
d. Within the 75th percentile
ANS: C
Currently graduates of an approved vocational school are eligible to take the
licensing examination and be awarded a license with a scoreof “pass” that is
recognized by all states.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 16 OBJ: 3 TOP: Licensure examination KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
23. What document, published in 1965 by the ANA, clearly defined
twolevels of nursing practice?
a. Licensing standards
b. Position paper
c. Smith-Hughes Act
d. Nurse practice act
ANS: B
The ANA's position paper of 1965 defined two levels of nursing: registered
nurse and technical nurse. Licensing standards, the Smith-
Hughes Act, and the nurse practice act were not documents definingtwo levels
of nursing practice published in 1965.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 15 OBJ: 3| 4| 9
TOP: Position paper KEY : Nursing Process^ Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
24. What is the wellness/illness continuum defined as?
a. A concept that never changes
b. The range of a person’s
total health
education and practical experiences, was focused on hygiene and sanitation. The
school kept records of the students’ progress duringtheir school years, and also
kept a registry of the graduates.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 5 OBJ: 1| 2 TOP: School established by Florence Nightingale KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
COMPLETION
26. Primitive medical interventions were based on the belief that illnesswas
caused by the presence of.
ANS:
evil spirits
Illness was thought to be caused by the inhabitation of the body by evilspirits.
Medical interventions were designed to drive out the evil spirits by
introducing good spirits.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 3 OBJ: 1 TOP: Primitive health care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
27. During early civilization performed witchcraft
and rituals to induce the bad spirits to leave the body of the ailing person.
ANS:
medicine men
Medicine men performed witchcraft and rituals to induce the bad spirits
to leave the body of the ailing person during early civilization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 3 OBJ: 1 TOP: Primitive health care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
28. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) performs a job
analysis every years to determine the scope of practice of
LPN/LVNs.
ANS:
The National Council of State Boards of Nursing performs a job analysisevery 3
years to measure the scope of practice for LPN/LVNs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 26 OBJ: 6| 9 TOP: National Council analysis KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
29. Graduates of the first school for training the practical nurse
werereferred to as nurses.
ANS:
attendant
The first school for training the practical nurse started in Brooklyn, NewYork in
1892 and was conducted under the auspices of the Young Women’s Christian
Association (YWCA). The Ballard School, as it was known, was approximately
3 months in duration and trained its students to care for the chronically ill,
invalids, children, and the elderly. The main emphasis was on home care and
included cooking, nutrition, basic science, and basic procedures. Graduates of
this program were referred to as attendant nurses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 11 OBJ: 1
Abraham Maslow believed that an individual’s behavior is formed by the
individual’s attempts to meet essential human needs, which he identified as
physiological, safety and security, love and belongingness,and esteem and self-
actualization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 17-18 OBJ: 8 TOP: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
Chapter 02: Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing
Test Bank for Foundations and Adult Health Nursing 9th Edition Kim Cooper Kelly Gosnell
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When a nurse becomes involved in a legal action, the first step to occur is that a document
is filed in an appropriate court. What is this document called?
a. Deposition
b. Appeal
c. Complaint
d. Summons
ANS: C
A document called a complaint is filed in an appropriate court as the first step in litigation.
A deposition is when witnesses are required to undergo questioning by the attorneys. An
appeal is a request for a review of a decision by a higher court. A summons is a court
order that notifies the defendant of the legal action.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 24 OBJ: 1
TOP: Legal KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
2. The nurse caring for a patient in the acute care setting assumes responsibility for a
patient’s care. What is this legally binding situation?
a. Nurse-patient relationship
b. Accountability
c. Advocacy
d. Standard of care
ANS: A
When the nurse assumes responsibility for a patient’s care, the nurse-patient relationship is
formed. This is a legally binding “contract” for which the nurse must take responsibility.
Accountability is being responsible for one’s own actions. An advocate is one who
defends or pleads a cause or issue on behalf of another. Standards of care define acts
whose performance is required, permitted, or prohibited.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 24 OBJ: 3
TOP: Legal KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
3. What are the universal guidelines that define appropriate measures for all
nursing interventions?
a. Scope of practice
b. Advocacy
c. Standard of care
d. Prudent practice
ANS: C
Standards of care define actions that are permitted or prohibited in most nursing
interventions. These standards are accepted as legal guidelines for appropriateness of
performance. The laws that formally define and limit the scope of nursing practice are
called nurse practice acts. An advocate is one who defends or pleads a cause or issue on
behalf of another. Prudent is a term that refers to careful and/or wise practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 22 OBJ: 4
TOP: Legal KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
4. An LPN/LVN is asked by the RN to administer an IV chemotherapeutic agent to a patient in
the acute care setting. What law should this nurse refer to before initiating this
intervention?
a. Standards of care
b. Regulation of practice
c. American Nurses’ Association Code
d. Nurse practice act
ANS: D
It is the nurse’s responsibility to know the nurse practice act in his or her state. Standards of
care, regulation of practice, and the American Nurses’ code are not laws that the nurse
should refer to before initiating this treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 26 OBJ: 5
TOP: Legal KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. A nurse fails to irrigate a feeding tube as ordered, resulting in harm to the patient. This nurse
could be found guilty of:
a. malpractice.
b. harm to the patient.
c. negligence.
