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TCP/IP Model and Encapsulation/Decapsulation, Summaries of Computer Graphics

Acadia Divinity CollegeComputer Graphics

An overview of the tcp/ip model, including its layers, protocols, and the concepts of encapsulation and decapsulation. It explains the tcp/ip model as a standardized reference framework for data communications between networks, also known as the internet model or dod model. The different layers of the tcp/ip model, the devices associated with each layer, and the important ports on the transport layer. It also compares the tcp/ip model to the osi model, highlighting the differences in their approaches, layers, and error handling mechanisms. The document serves as a comprehensive cheat sheet for understanding the tcp/ip model and its practical applications in networking.

Typology: Summaries

2022/2023

Uploaded on 12/13/2023

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aaleyah-evans 🇨🇦

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© www.aurumme.com/Atech
http://aurumme.com/atech/
http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA5vnifZXWur6gHyK81hsTA/
You are welcomed for Feedback, Comments or any help in your exam preparation
Encapsulation:“Preparing & passing the data by any Upper layer
to the layer below it, is called Encapsulation”
(Means, going from the application layer all the way down to the physical layer)
Decapsulation:“Decoding data while going Upwards from the
physical layer till application layer is called decapsulation”
What is TCP/IP Model ???
“TCP/IP Model is a standardised Reference Framework for conceptualising data
communications between networks”
✓Relevant RFC: RFC1122
✓Also called ’Internet Model’ or ‘DoD Model’
Transport Layer Ports
Category Range Comments
Well Known
0 -1023
Used by system processes
e.g. FTP(21)
Registered 1024 -49151
For specific services e.g.
Port 8080
Private 49152 –65535
For Private purposes
Visit our ATech website & You Channel for more FREE
resources including:
✓Cheatsheets
✓Interview Questions & Answers, Quiz
✓Labs (Packet Tracer, GNS3)
✓Free Video Lectures (including CCNA)
www.aurumme.com/ATech (Waqas Karim)
TCP/IP Model –Cheat sheet (ATech)
Protocols at each TCP/IP Layer
Devices at each TCP/IP Layer
Important Ports on Transport Layer
OSI Model Vs TCP/IP Model
OSI Model TCP/IP Model
Mostly used for reference purposes only
Practical Model
in use today
Released
in 1984 by ISO
Released in
1970s by DARPA
Each layer
participates in Error Handling
Only
Transport Layer handles Errors
Not so simple
Model (7 Layers)
Simple
Model (4Layers only)
Session Layer does
Connection Management
Transport Layer does
Connection Mgmt
Data
Formatting is done by Present. Layer
Data
Formatting is done by Application Layer
Uses
Horizontal Approach
Uses
Vertical Approach
---
Trans
Layer uses 3WHS + Sliding Windows
Transport
Layer is Connection Oriented
Trans
Layer can be Connection Orientedor not
Netw
Layer can be Connection Orientedor not
Network Layer
is always Connectionless
Services & protocols are clearly defined
Services & protocols
are not clearly separated
A
protocol independent Model
A
Protocol dependent Model
Hosts
do not handle network operations
Hosts participate in most network protocols
TCP/IP Model OSI Model
TCP/IP Model Layers & their Functions
TCP 3-way Handshake Process
waqas@aurumme.com
waqas@aurumme.com
waqas@aurumme.com
waqas@aurumme.com
waqas@aurumme.com
waqas@aurumme.com

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Download TCP/IP Model and Encapsulation/Decapsulation and more Summaries Computer Graphics in PDF only on Docsity!

© www.aurumme.com/Atech

http://aurumme.com/atech/

http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA5vnifZXWur6gHyK81hsTA/

You are welcomed for Feedback, Comments or any help in your exam preparation

Encapsulation: “Preparing & passing the data by any Upper layer

to the layer below it, is called Encapsulation”

(Means, going from the application layer all the way down to the physical layer)

Decapsulation: “Decoding data while going Upwards from the

physical layer till application layer is called decapsulation”

What is TCP/IP Model ???

“TCP/IP Model is a standardised Reference Framework for conceptualising data

communications between networks”

✓ Relevant RFC: RFC

✓ Also called ’Internet Model’ or ‘DoD Model’

Transport Layer Ports Category Range Comments Well Known 0 - 1023 Used by system processes e.g. FTP(21) Registered 1024 - 49151 For specific services e.g. Port 8080

Private 49152 – 65535 For Private purposes^ Visit our^ ATech website^ &^ You^ Channel for more^ FREE

resources including:

✓ Cheatsheets

✓ Interview Questions & Answers, Quiz

✓ Labs (Packet Tracer, GNS3)

✓ Free Video Lectures (including CCNA)

www.aurumme.com/ATech (Waqas Karim)

TCP/IP Model – Cheat sheet (ATech)

Protocols at each TCP/IP Layer

Devices at each TCP/IP Layer

Important Ports on Transport Layer

OSI Model Vs TCP/IP Model

OSI Model TCP/IP Model

Mostly used for reference purposes only Practical Model in use today Released in 1984 by ISO Released in 1970s by DARPA Each layer participates in Error Handling Only Transport Layer handles Errors Not so simple Model (7 Layers) Simple Model (4Layers only) Session Layer does Connection Management Transport Layer does Connection Mgmt Data Formatting is done by Present. Layer Data Formatting is done by Application Layer Uses Horizontal Approach Uses Vertical Approach --- Trans Layer uses 3WHS + Sliding Windows Transport Layer is Connection Oriented Trans Layer can be Connection Oriented or not Netw Layer can be Connection Oriented or not Network Layer is always Connectionless Services & protocols are clearly defined Services & protocols are not clearly separated A protocol independent Model A Protocol dependent Model Hosts do not handle network operations Hosts participate in most network protocols

TCP/IP Model OSI Model

TCP/IP Model Layers & their Functions

TCP 3-way Handshake Process

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