Drawing on Thomas Hobbes' insights into the state of nature and the need for a central
authority to maintain order, three major international security problems and their
corresponding strategies are:
### Security Problems According to Hobbes
1. **Air, Water, and Land Pollution**
- **Problem**: Without a central authority to enforce environmental regulations, pollution
can run rampant, causing widespread harm and conflicts over resources.
- **Strategy**: Establish international environmental governance through strong institutions
and agreements to regulate and enforce standards.
2. **Cyber Warfare**
- **Problem**: The lack of global regulation for cyberspace allows states and non-state actors
to engage in disruptive and damaging cyber-attacks.
- **Strategy**: Form global cyber security alliances and agreements to set norms, share best
practices, and coordinate responses to cyber threats.
3. **Terrorism**
- **Problem**: Terrorist groups exploit the lack of a central authority to carry out attacks and
spread instability.
- **Strategy**: Develop robust international counter-terrorism cooperation through
intelligence sharing, joint operations, and coordinated efforts to disrupt terrorist networks.
### Summary
Hobbesian principles emphasize the need for a powerful central authority to manage the chaos
of an anarchic international system. Addressing pollution, cyber warfare, and terrorism requires
strong international institutions and cooperative frameworks to enforce regulations, facilitate
cooperation, and coordinate collective actions to ensure global security.
Drawing on John Locke's philosophy, which emphasizes natural rights, social contracts, and
governance based on the consent of the governed, three major international security problems
and their corresponding strategies are:
### Security Problems According to Locke
1. **Air, Water, and Land Pollution**
