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STR Exam Question & Answers ( LATEST 2025 ), Exams of Nursing

Sheffield Hallam University (SHU)Nursing

STR Exam Question & Answers ( LATEST 2025 )

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/04/2025

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STR Exam Question & Answers ( LATEST
2025 )
01. According to findings in the Report of the National Literacy Panel on
Language-Minority Children and Youth which of the following curricular
adjustments would most effectively support the literacy development
of English learners with respect to text comprehension? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔integrating comprehensive oral language instruction
with literacy instruction
02. Which of the following actions by elementary school teachers in the
early grades would best demonstrate understanding that decoding and
encoding are reciprocal skills that develop synchronously during the
early stages of reading development? - CORRECT ANSWER
✔✔creating regular opportunities for students to apply new syllable
patterns in their daily writings that have been explicitly taught during
phonics instruction.
03. A teacher would like to help students identify their literacy skills and
strengths as part of an assets-based approach to literacy instruction.
Which of the following teacher actions is consistent with this type of
approach? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Providing students with explicit
feedback about what they already know and are able to do well and
helping them use this information to establish realistic yet challenging
learning goals.
04. A school district in Texas has adopted the Multi-Tiered Systems of
Support (MTSS) model of instruction in their K-3 literacy program which
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  1. According to findings in the Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children and Youth which of the following curricular adjustments would most effectively support the literacy development of English learners with respect to text comprehension? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔integrating comprehensive oral language instruction with literacy instruction
  2. Which of the following actions by elementary school teachers in the early grades would best demonstrate understanding that decoding and encoding are reciprocal skills that develop synchronously during the early stages of reading development? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔creating regular opportunities for students to apply new syllable patterns in their daily writings that have been explicitly taught during phonics instruction.
  3. A teacher would like to help students identify their literacy skills and strengths as part of an assets-based approach to literacy instruction. Which of the following teacher actions is consistent with this type of approach? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Providing students with explicit feedback about what they already know and are able to do well and helping them use this information to establish realistic yet challenging learning goals.
  4. A school district in Texas has adopted the Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS) model of instruction in their K-3 literacy program which

includes a core reading program (Tier 1) supplemental instruction (Tier

  1. and intensive instruction (Tier 3) Instructional grouping in Tier 2 is restricted to five or fewer students. This limitation enhances the effectiveness of literacy instruction for the students primarily by: - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Providing students with increased opportunities to practice developing skills with teacher feedback.
  1. A second-grade student has been identified with dysgraphia but does not have difficulty with decoding or encoding. Which of the following approaches to instruction would be most effective in promoting the student's development with respect to the identified area of need? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Providing the student with explicit instruction in letter formation and frequent, short, guided- practice sessions to build the student's handwriting fluency and automaticity in letter memory and formation.
  2. In which line in the table below is the underlined portion of the example word accurately matched to the phonics term that is used to describe that phonics element? Line Phonics Term Example word 1 blend they 2 digraph factor 3 diphthong power

ANSWER ✔✔providing a set of texts representing a range of text- complexity levels and interactive formats, and allowing student to work collaboratively to read the texts.

  1. A kindergarten teacher regularly has students write and draw in their journals in response to an open-ended prompt. During these writing sessions the teacher circulates among students asks them to read aloud what they have written and documents their performance with anecdotal notes in a teacher record. This type of informal assessment strategy would be most appropriate to use for which of the following instructional purposes? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔observing individual student's development in various dimensions of literacy over time.
  2. Which of the following writing samples provides evidence that the student is beginning to develop understanding of the alphabetic principle? KLD "Casey loves Dancing" ABCDEF

"Those are letters" MIA "I write my name!" T Lo LE O "The dog went home" - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔KLD "Casey loves Dancing"

  1. When planning assessments to measure students' comprehension of literary texts an elementary school teacher selects a variety of passages from a range of cultures including those that reflect the diverse cultural experiences of the students. The teacher also considers students' familiarity with cultural content when evaluating students' responses to texts. The teacher's actions best demonstrate the importance of taking which of the following factors into consideration when selecting texts for assessments? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔A reader's cultural background knowledge can be an important factor affecting their comprehension of a literary text.
  2. Which of the following statements identifies a characteristic of criterion-referenced tests that in general makes them unsuitable for use as a formative assessment of foundational reading skills? - CORRECT

student enthusiastically shows the teacher an illustrated children's book about the Apollo space program that the student selected for independent reading. The student points out favorite photographs and graphics in the text. When the teacher asks the student to read aloud a paragraph the student encounters difficulty understanding some longer technical words in the text. Which of the following approaches to providing feedback would be most effective for the teacher to use to support the student's continued growth in reading? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Praising the student for finding such an exciting book and showing the student where to find more information about the technical terminology included (eg. looking for a glossary in the book, finding appropriate online resources)

  1. Use the information below to answer the three questions that follow. A second-grade teacher has been using a Tier 2 (targeted) intervention with a small group of students who have difficulty producing oral and written retellings of narrative texts. The intervention includes the following steps. 1. The students listen to or read a narrative text. 2. The teacher uses written sentence frames to support the students in orally generating sentences about the story focused on key elements of story grammar (e.g. main characters)] setting initiating event internal response internal plan attempt[s] consequence resolution). 3. The teacher helps the students put the sentences together in an oral group retelling of the story. 4. The students in the group work in pairs to engage in an oral rehearsal of the retelling. The teacher monitors the pairs of students and provides feedback as

needed. 5. The students draft an individual - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔during step 3, explicitly teaching the students how to use transition words such as but, so, because, and then to connect the sentences logically to reflect relationships between story elements

  1. Which of the following strategies for assessing students' performance in steps 4 and 5 would provide the teacher with the most appropriate data to determine if the students are making adequate progress in oral language and writing related to retelling texts? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔developing an observational checklist to assess students' oral retelling in step 4 and a rubric to assess their written retellings in step 5, both aligned with the key elements of story grammar outlined in step 2
  2. The teacher is concerned about one student in the group who participates adequately in steps 1 and 2 but has difficulty putting multiple sentences together during step 3. Consequently the student has not made progress on steps 4 and 5 despite engaging in the small- group intervention two to three times a week over a period of weeks and receiving extra one-on-one practice sessions with the teacher once or twice a week during the same period. The teacher also has noticed that in other class contexts the student has difficulty generating oral language discourse that is the student's utterances are not longer than a single sentence. Often the student's utterances consist of a sentence fragment unless the teacher provides scaffolding such as that provided

and ongoing monitoring? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔A child whose home language is English primarily uses gestures and some unintelligible words to communicate

  1. A third-grade teacher plans to lead a whole-class discussion about a topical issue. Before the discussion the teacher uses direct instruction to introduce a series of conversational strategies that students can practice during the discussion. The teacher also provides students with personal conversational- strategy bookmarks shown below that they can refer to during any class discussion. CHART The teacher's strategy in this lesson promotes development of the students' academic-language skills primarily by: - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔scaffolding students' participation in academic conversations with sentence frames appropriate to the setting.
  2. When reading story books aloud to the class a first-grade teacher pauses regularly to think aloud about the text and illustrations and to speculate about information suggested by, but not explicitly included in, the narrative. For example, the teacher speculates about a character's feelings at a key moment in the story, given what the reader learned about the character in an earlier part of the book. According to research, participating in this type of listening activity contributes to students' ongoing development in reading comprehension primarily in which of the following ways? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔by facilitating

students' understanding of narrative text structure and development of inference skills for narrative text

  1. A kindergarten teacher conducts parent/guardian curriculum sessions with translators available for parents/guardians whose primary language is not English. In one session, the teacher discusses evidence- based home practices that support students' literacy development. Which of the following recommendations would be most appropriate to communicate to families whose home language is not English? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Sharing with a young child learning English various stories, songs, and word fames in the home language contributes to the child's literacy development in English.
  2. A teacher observes that several students in the class make the same grammatical errors when speaking or writing and that the errors are typical of the students' language variety. The teacher wants to differentiate oral language instruction for this group of students to extend their English language skills and improve their ability to comprehend and produce academic oral language and writing. Which of the following approaches would be most appropriate for the teacher to use with these students? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔helping the students understand the distinction between everyday language and the language used in school and texts, and systematic teaching them unfamiliar grammatical constructions
  1. One child cannot count the words in a sentence or the syllables in a word. Which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in scaffolding the child's ability to complete these tasks successfully? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Placing a block to represent each word or syllable as it is stated
  2. A first-grade teacher conducts a phonological awareness activity in which students match sounds in spoken words. In this activity, students name familiar objects or animals shown in a set of picture cards and then match them to picture cards that represent words with the same ending sound (e.g., book and rock; map and cup). Which of the following statements best describes how this type of activity directly supports students' reading development? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Identifying component phonemes in spoken words prepares students to sound out and spell familiar words in print.
  3. A third-grade teacher is working with a small group of struggling readers who have difficulty decoding multisyllabic words. Which of the following instructional strategies would be most effective in reinforcing a key phonological awareness skill that is prerequisite for learning syllabication? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔leading the students in chorally repeating a list of multisyllabic words read aloud by the teacher and clapping for each syllable
  1. A kindergarten teacher plans a series of lessons focused on segmenting phonemes in spoken words. According to evidence-based best practices, which of the following activities should come last in the teacher's instructional sequence? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔having students identify and sequence the individual phonemes in words that begin or end with consonant blends (e.g. clap, bump, gift) as to teach slowly stretched out the word orally
  2. A second-grade teacher analyzes the results of benchmark assessments for an English learner. The data indicate that the student is experiencing difficulty pronouncing and distinguishing several English sounds. To deliver effective differentiated instruction that supports the student's development of phonemic awareness in English, the teacher should take which of the following steps first? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔comparing the English learner's home language to English to determine if the target English phonemes are present in the student's home language
  3. A prekindergarten teacher uses high-quality picture books to support the classroom curriculum in a variety of ways. For example, as part of an informal individual assessment, the teacher hands the picture book The Talking Cloth to a four-year-old child and says, "Show me how to hold the book for reading." The teacher then opens the book to the two facing pages shown below and asks the child to respond to additional prompts
  1. Use the information below to answer the three questions that follow. In the middle of the school year, a kindergarten teacher uses an alphabet sorting game with letter cards as an activity to reinforce letter knowledge. Each game deck contains a total of 25 cards that include a random number of cards representing each of five letters. For example, a deck might include five cards representing the letter a, four cards representing the letter m, five cards representing the letter t, six cards representing the letters, and five cards representing the letter i. The teacher shuffles the deck and lays out the 25 cards face up in random order in a 5 × 5 grid. The teacher asks a student to sort the cards into five piles, with each pile containing all the examples of a given letter. When creating the card decks, which of the following guidelines would be most important for the teacher to follow in order to enhance student - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔using various common fonts and both lowercase and uppercase versions of each letter
  2. Which of the following strategies for differentiating this activity would be most appropriate to use with a student who is not able to identify many letters of the alphabet fluently? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔reducing the number of different letters the student is asked to distinguish in a single sort
  1. Which of the following strategies for engaging students with the letter cards would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to promote students' understanding of the alphabetic principle? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔having pairs small groups of students listen carefully as the teacher says a cvc word ( eg. sit) slowly several times and then place the appropriate letter card corresponding to each sound of the word in a pocket chart in the correct sequence.
  2. A student with limited previous formal schooling enters a kindergarten class midyear. While results of the universal screening indicate that the student has not yet learned to recognize or name the letters of the alphabet, the student demonstrates good phonological awareness skills and advanced oral vocabulary development. Given the findings of convergent, scientifically based reading research with respect to the development of alphabet knowledge, the teacher should plan instruction for this student that is - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Intensive and emphasizes achievement of grade-level standards in alphabet knowledge as early as possible.
  3. A kindergarten class includes an intermediate-level English learner with emergent-literacy experiences in the student's non-alphabetic home language, Which of the following statements points to an aspect of the student's home language experience that would be most important for the teacher to consider when planning instruction in the

PS- The spelling error is phonological and indicates difficulty in phonemic segmentation(i.e., accurately identifying and sequencing the sounds in a spoken word). The teacher's analysis of one student's typical spelling errors is shown below. Target Student's Most Likely Cause word: spelling: for Error: sand san PS plan pan PS fist fits PS soap sop Code Given the data provided, the student's decoding and spelling development would benefit most from - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔improving the student's ability to accurately segment all the phonemes in four-phoneme, closed-syllable words.

  1. A second-grade teacher records the following errors a student makes in recent journal entries. The errors are representative of the types of errors the student makes on daily writing assignments. (Chart) Given the student's spelling errors, which of the following strategies would best address the student's underlying difficulty spelling words with the inflectional ending - ed? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔sorting word with an -ed inflection according to the common pronunciation of - ed
  2. A small group of entering second-grade students demonstrates mastery of closed-syllable words with all five short vowels in their reading and writing, including in CCVC and CVCC words, but they have not yet mastered long-vowel-pattern words. Following the continuum of phonics instruction prescribed in the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) for English Language Arts and Reading (ELAR), which of the following phonics skills should the teacher plan to teach next to the students? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Decoding and spelling words with the silent - e pattern for all five vowels
  3. A first-grade teacher leads a small group of students in the following reading activity, which focuses on the inflectional ending -ing.