Spanish Colonization of the Philippines (1565-1898): Historical Background and Key Events, Summaries of History

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SPANISH COLONIZATION

Historical Background

( before the Spanish colonization )

A. Spain and Portugal colony competition to

the unknown and uncivilized islands in the

west (America, Africa, and Asia).

15th and 16th centuries World wide

exploration and expansion

C. EARLY VOYAGE IN THE ORIENT

Portugal was the first to sent expedition to the east through the following navigators:

1. Prince Henry - 1421(coast of Africa)
2. Bartholomew Diaz-1487(Cape of Good hope)

Spain followed the Portugal exploration thru the following: Christopher Columbus

• offered his service to Spain •he also discovered NORTH AMERICA in1492. AMERIGO VISPUCCI
• explore to what Columbus had found.
• the name America is named after him. VICENTE PINZON •discovered Brazil NUNEZ DE BALBOA RPCORPUZ 2013 • discovered the pacific ocean.

The importance of the treaty

1. An imaginary line was drawn from north to south at the distance of 370 leagues west of the cape Verde islands. Lands to be discovered east of this line would belong to Portugal and those west would belong to Spain.
2. If Spanish ships discovered lands east of the demarcation line said lands should be turned over to Portugal and lands discovered by Portuguese ships west of the line should tuned over to Spain.
3. No Portuguese ship shall be sent to lands belongs to Spain & vice versa for the purpose of trading with them.

WHY THE SPANIARDS CAME TO THE PHILIPPINES?

Ferdinand Magellan Ruy Lopez de Villalobos Miguel Lopez de Ligaspi NAVIGATORS THAT REACHED THE PHILIPPINES

THREE OTHER EXPEDITIONS FAILED BEFORE

VILLALOBOS:

**1. Juan Garcia Jofre de Loaysa- 1525 - 1526

2. Sebastian Cabot - 1526 - 1530
3. Alvaro de Sayavedra - 1527 - 1528** .

He went on several major voyages himself eventually becoming a captain. He enjoyed some favor with the Portuguese monarch, Dom Manuel. But, Magellan fell out of favor with Manuel primarily because of his own arrogance. When King Manuel denied his repeated demands for an unprecedented increase in his salary and, instead, fired him, Magellan defected to Portugal's arch-rival, Spain.

At the time, Spain and Portugal were the world's two competing super-powers. In 1493, Pope Alexander VI decided to settle the arguments between them by once-and-for-all dividing the world in half. By Papal authority, the eastern half went to Portugal, and the western half to Spain. It seems like an equitable -- if arrogant -- solution. But the Pope's decree didn't exactly specify where the line between the two was to be.

FIVE SHIPS

1. Trinidad ( flag ship)
2. Concepcion
3. Victoria
4. Santiago
5. San Antonio

• After they reached Brazil they continue to voyage to Rio de Janeiro and reach the Rio Deplanta in feb. 1520.
• Magellan crossed the pacific ocean to reach the Ladrones island ( Samar ) in 1521.
• On march 1521 this is the date when the first Spaniards came to the phil.
• Magellan also reach Limasawa
• March 31 has mass celebrated.
• Father PEDRO DE VALDERRAMA.

THE EXPEDITION OF VILLALOBOS

• The two countries decided to have treaty and it is called TREATY OF ZARAGOZA under which Portugal won possession of the Mollucas.
• For many years after the conclusion of the Treaty of Zaragoza, Spain respected its provision.
• The Viceroy of Mexico chose his brother in law Ruy Lopez de Villa-Lobos to command the expedition.

TREATY OF ZARAGOZA

• also referred to as the Capitulation of

Zaragoza was a peace treaty between Spain

and Portugal signed on April 22 , 1529 by King

John III and the Emperor Charles V, in the

Spanish city of Zaragoza.