Schizophrenia and the
world-brain problem
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Schizophrenia and the World-Brain Problem: A Neurobiological and Phenomenological View - P, Slides of History of Sociological Knowledge
This document delves into the complex nature of schizophrenia, exploring its neurobiological underpinnings and the profound impact it has on the individual's experience of self and the world. It examines the role of neuronal dysfunction, particularly in the sensory cortices, leading to sensory overload and a breakdown of the boundary between internal and external reality. The document also explores the phenomenological aspects of schizophrenia, highlighting the disruption of self-awareness, the sense of estrangement from the world, and the emergence of delusions and hallucinations. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the world-brain relationship in schizophrenia, suggesting that the disorder represents a fundamental breakdown of this crucial connection.
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2023/2024
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Schizophrenia and the
world-brain problem
Social disconnection
- (^) Brain, body, and world input confusion
- (^) Genetic factors: family
- Not clear on the exact markers
- (^) Biological, developmental(18-25yo-outbreak) and environmental factors
- (^) “deafferentiated” from environment
- (^) Dominated by internal content, like clinical depression
- (^) “ Loss of common sense ”
Cont’d: Andrew
- (^) Andrew: severe or complete breakdown of the neuronal dams, wells and canals in the sensory cortices.
- (^) Breakdown of input differentiation: body, brain and environment
- (^) World-brain relation: boundaries
- (^) Overloaded or overflooded resting-state
Delusions, voices, and novel identity
- (^) Delusions: attribution of abnormal meanings to environment(e.g., people’s eyes)
- (^) “Messages to leave Cambridge; teach mathematics”
- Mostly negative and persecutory
- (^) Related to oneself and as away of making sense
- (^) “voices”: violent if ignored
- (^) resting-state activity abnormally high in auditory cortex
- (^) No external input necessary to be high
Cont’d
- (^) “Ego or identity disturbance”: alternative identity: the son of Albert Einstein
- (^) “Confusion about what is world and what is self; what is inside and what is outside”
- (^) A compensatory strategy to make sense of the world
Estrangement of the self from the
world
- (^) Kraeplin: “disunity of consciousness; destruction of the inner coherence of personality; orchestra without conductor”
- (^) Bleuler: “disorder of the personality by splitting, dissociation…where the I is never intact.”
- (^) Jaspers: “intra-psychic ataxia” or paralysis; “fragmentation of consciousness”- of self
- (^) Parnas: pre-reflective self-awareness is missing; the inner and immediate sense of self is missing or delayed
Resting state
- (^) Healthy: ongoing activity changes or variability
- (^) Functional connectivity: overly synchronized in aCMS, PCC and precuneus
- (^) Higher f-hyperconnectivity= severe auditory delusions and hallucinations
- (^) Hence decreased variability in resting-state
- (^) Abnormal activity from anterior to posterior CMS and insula
Cont’d
- (^) Temporal fluctuations: dominant low frequency cycles: integration of stimuli that don’t belong together: delusions
- (^) Structural integration: hyper (tight) functional connectivity: inflexible to external stimuli
- (^) Rest-stimulus interaction is abnormal: RS no longer updated and modulated by the environment: the world-brain interaction suffers and lose connection to the world
- Hence: the brain changes its activity devoid of timely external stimuli
Schizophrenia and our existence
- (^) Deeply embedded: adopting to and matching our environments
- (^) Schizophrenia=breakdown of world-brain relation
- (^) Self + embodiment= world-brain relation= our existence
- (^) World-brain relation= our existential and philosophical boundaries
- (^) The rest is speculative and delusional
- (^) Just like Andrew’s world is delusional