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Remedial Instruction about reading and technicality, Study notes of Technical English

It has a deep handouts for those who wants to learn diagnosis and remediation especially for student who will undergo remediation.

Typology: Study notes

2024/2025

Uploaded on 04/28/2025

angela-tacdoro
angela-tacdoro 🇵🇭

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What is Diagnosis?
A systematic and careful investigation of the cause to determine a proper sequence
of remediation.
An act of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of an individual.
A way of determining the nature of an illness.
A process of identifying certain learning disorders based on manifested signs and
symptoms in the individual.
Why Do We Diagnose?
To understand the nature of the problem, identify the contributing factors, and find
effective solutions.
According to Dechant (1976), “The heart of diagnosis is the intelligent interpretation of
the facts.”
Diagnosis is more than just testing. It involves:
oUsing assessment tools or tests to gather information.
oMaking a logical analysis and intelligent interpretation of the results to
guide remediation.
The teacher (as the diagnostician) must:
oPossess both theoretical knowledge and practical experience.
oKnow what questions to ask, which tests to use, and how to interpret
findings meaningfully.
Why Do We Diagnose Systematically?
To:
oDetermine the nature and causes of the issue.
oDevelop a plan for improvement.
oEnsure a comprehensive and meaningful approach.
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What is Diagnosis?  A systematic and careful investigation of the cause to determine a proper sequence of remediation.  An act of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of an individual.  A way of determining the nature of an illness.  A process of identifying certain learning disorders based on manifested signs and symptoms in the individual. Why Do We Diagnose?  To understand the nature of the problem, identify the contributing factors, and find effective solutions.  According to Dechant (1976), “The heart of diagnosis is the intelligent interpretation of the facts.”  Diagnosis is more than just testing. It involves: o Using assessment tools or tests to gather information. o Making a logical analysis and intelligent interpretation of the results to guide remediation.  The teacher (as the diagnostician) must: o Possess both theoretical knowledge and practical experience. o Know what questions to ask, which tests to use, and how to interpret findings meaningfully. Why Do We Diagnose Systematically?  To: o Determine the nature and causes of the issue. o Develop a plan for improvement. o Ensure a comprehensive and meaningful approach.

 Systematic diagnosis ensures efficient data collection and analysis, leading to better interventions. Principles of Diagnosis

  1. Begin with each student’s unique instructional needs.
  2. Diagnosis should aim at formulating methods for improvement.
  3. Genuine diagnosis looks at the causes, not just the symptoms.
  4. Causes of a student’s difficulties are usually multiple, not just one.
  5. Diagnosis should be continuous and efficient.
  6. Only pertinent information should be collected using the most efficient methods. **How Do We Diagnose?
  7. Observations (Checklists)**  Student’s behavior towards reading, books, and school  Habits, mannerisms, and physical appearance  Use of anecdotal records 2. Interviews  Teachers  Parents  Peers  Tutors 3. Reading Assessment Tools  Informal Reading Inventory (IRI)  Dolch or Ekwall Basic Sight Word Test  TWA (Think While You Read)  Slosson Oral Reading Test  Cloze or Maze Tests

 It provides special assistance to students in need and is preceded by a diagnosis, which becomes the basis for the instruction.  Remedial programs aim to close the gap between what a student knows and what they are expected to know. General Principles of Remedial Teaching

  1. Individual consideration of the student, recognizing their mental, physical, and educational characteristics.
  2. Thorough diagnosis, including a pretest.
  3. Early success through the use of suitable methods and materials.
  4. Dissipation of emotional barriers through early success, praise, continued help, and sustained interest.
  5. A new orientation toward the subject using engaging, activity-based, and appropriately graded methods.
  6. Frequently planned remedial lessons.
  7. Cooperation with the parents. The Remedial Reading Program  A Remedial Reading Program is a planned approach for students diagnosed with specific reading difficulties.  The program is designed to help students move from a frustration reading level to instructional and eventually to independent reading levels. Reading Levels:Independent Reading Level : The level at which the student can read with little to no assistance and makes minimal errors.  Instructional Reading Level : The level at which the student can read with some teacher support. This is the expected reading level for their grade, where reading skills are actively being developed.

Frustration Reading Level : The level at which the student struggles significantly, even with help. Errors are frequent, and reading is difficult. The Remedial Reading Program Takes Into Consideration That:

  1. A reading difficulty has multiple causes.
  2. Some reading deficiencies are the result of other reading difficulties.
  3. Students with reading difficulties are not necessarily those with low IQ.
  4. Instructional activities must be fun (game-like), using varied and adequate instructional materials appropriate to the learner’s level and needs to sustain interest.