Psychoanalytical Analysis of “The Tell-Tale Heart”
Edger Allen Poe’s short story “The Tell-Tale Heart” shows a narrator being driven mainly by his
ego. The narrator starts out by claiming that he in not mad and continues to make this claim
throughout the story using a logical approach. As his story continues though it clearly shows
opposite of it what he claims, but the narrator seems to refuse that he is insane and uses many
arguments to prove it. The narrator is fixed on doing his crime with extreme caution, but in the
end, his ego causes him to confess his deed.
When one first reads “The Tell-Tale Heart” they are inclined to feel that it his id not his ego
controlling him, but when you look closer more evidence seems to point to the fact the his ego is
more in control. This not to say that his id and superego do not play apart in his action, for
clearly they do, but the id and the superego only play a small part in the narrator’s thoughts.
From the beginning of the story it clear that the narrator’s ego is in control. The last few
sentences in the first paragraph clearly show this “The disease had sharpened my senses—not
destroyed—not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the
heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad? Hearken! and observe
how healthily—how calmly I can tell you the whole story.” (Poe, 40)The end of the first
paragraph really shows. Logically speaking a mad man would not be able recount murder.
One critic refers the narrator as being “an egocentric who derives pleasure from cruelty.”
(Pritchard, 144) This idea of the narrator being egocentric (or self-centered) is supported by
another critic who says he show the stages of “Ego-Evil.” (Ki, 25) The narrator shows his self-
centeredness when he says, “I think it was his eye! Yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture –
a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by
degrees –very gradually –I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself
