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PN Mental Health
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) - correct answer ✔✔brain stimulation therapies nonpharmacological tx. for mental health disorders. It is used when medicine no longer works 3x a wk for a total of 6-12 treatments obtain informed consent Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Post care - correct answer ✔✔position the client on his side to facilitate drainage and prevent aspiration, Monitor client's ability to and gag reflex client is usually ready for transfer 30-60min. after procedure Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Complications - correct answer ✔✔short term memory, confusion, and disorientation can occur immediately after procedure and persist for several wks provide adequate orientation, safe environment, and assist w/ personal hygiene schizophrenia ( positive symptom) - correct answer ✔✔the manifestation of things are not normally present. these are the most easily identified symptoms:
- Hallucination, bizarre behavior ( walking backward constantly)
- delusion, alteration on speech schizophrenia ( negative symptoms) - correct answer ✔✔the absence of things that are normally present. these symptoms are more difficult to treat successfully than positive symptoms
affect= usually blunted facial expression never changes alogia= proverty of though/speech. a mumble or bulge respond anergia= lack of energy anhedonia= lack of pleasure or joy. indifferent to things that make other people happy avolotion= lack of motivation, hygiene
schizophrenia ( cognitive manifestation) - correct answer ✔✔problem w/ thinking make it difficult for the client to live independently
distorted thinking inability to make decisions, memory deficit poor problem solving ability long term memory, working memory ( inability to follow) schizophrenia ( Effective manifestation) - correct answer ✔✔manifestations involving emotions hopelessness suicidal schizophrenia - correct answer ✔✔A psychotic disorder involving distortions in thoughts, perceptions, and/or emotions. disorder characterized by hallucinations and delusions severe disturbances in thinking, mood, awareness, and behavior too much dopamine communication with schizophrenic patient - correct answer ✔✔do not argue or agree w/ patient's hallucination, but may offer a comment like " I don't hear anything, but you seem to be feeling frighten" offer a reasonable explanation monitor the client for paranoid delusion, which can increase to violence against others provide safety flight of ideas - correct answer ✔✔associative looseness, the client may say sentence after sentence but each sentence relate to another topic. Neologisms - correct answer ✔✔made up words that only have a meaning to the client, like " I tranged and flittled" Echolalia - correct answer ✔✔the client repeats the words spoken to him
PERSONALITY DISORDER CLUSTER B
histrionic - correct answer ✔✔emotional attention seeker behavior person needs to be center of attention. often seductive and flirtatious PERSONALITY DISORDER CLUSTER B narcissistic - correct answer ✔✔arrogance, grandiose view of self importance, the need for consistent admiration, and lack of empathy for others often sensitive to criticism PERSONALITY DISORDER CLUSTER C Avoidant - correct answer ✔✔anxious, or fearful, traits, insecurity and inadequacy social inhibition and avoidance of all situations that require interpersonal contact, despite wanting close relationship, due to extreme fear of rejection often very anxious in social situations PERSONALITY DISORDER CLUSTER C dependent - correct answer ✔✔extreme dependency on a close relationship w/ an urge search to find a replacement when one relationship ends PERSONALITY DISORDER CLUSTER C obsessive compulsive - correct answer ✔✔antisocial perfectionism w/ the fucus of orderlines and control to the extend that the individual might not be able to accomplish a given task STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) Stage 1 - correct answer ✔✔no impairment ( normal function) no memory problem STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) Stage 2 - correct answer ✔✔very mild cognitive decline, can be age related. very early signs of disease, forgetful in everyday objects ( wallet/eyeglasses)
no memory problem evident to provider, friends, or coworkers STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) stage 3 - correct answer ✔✔Mild cognitive decline. problem w/ memory, concentration that can be measured in clinical testing or detail medical interview
mild cognitive deficit, like misplacing important objects, inability to plan decrease attention span difficult remembering words or names difficulty in social or work situations short term memory loss noticeable to close friends STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) stage 4 - correct answer ✔✔moderate cognitive decline ( mild or early stage) clearly detected during a medical interview appearing withdrawn or subdued specially in social or mentally situation obvious memory loss limited memory to recent occasions, current events or personal hx. difficult performing task that require planning/ organizing. ( paying bills) difficulty w/ complex mental arithmetic STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) stage 5 - correct answer ✔✔moderate severe cognitive decline increasing cognitive deficit disorientation/ confusion to time and place inability to recall important details like address, tel #, but able to remember information about self and family STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ( MANIFESTATIONS) stage 6 - correct answer ✔✔severe cognitive decline ( moderate to severe) can remember name but not personal hx.
assisting to participate on appropriate activities Identifying Roles: Promotion of self care activities - correct answer ✔✔> offering assisting with self care allowing time to complete self care setting incentives to promote self care Identifying Roles: psycho-biological interventions - correct answer ✔✔> administering Rx meds reinforcing teaching to the client/family about med. monitoring adverse side effects and effectiveness of pharmacological therapy Identifying Roles: cognitive and behavioral therapies - correct answer ✔✔> modeling ope rant conditioning systemic desensitization ( a behavioral technique to Tx fear anxiety phobias exposing them to it) Identifying Roles: health teaching - correct answer ✔✔> encourage social and coping skills Identifying Roles: health promotion and health maintenance - correct answer ✔✔> assist the client w/ smoking cessation monitoring other conditions Identifying Roles: case management - correct answer ✔✔coordinating holistic care including medical mental, and social services beneficence - correct answer ✔✔this relates to the quality of doing good and can be described as charity. EXAMPLE: a nurse helps a newly admitted client who has psychosis feels safe in the environment of mental health facility Autonomy - correct answer ✔✔the clients right to make her own decisions, but the client must accept the consequences of those decisions. the client must respect decision of others
EXAMPLE: rather than giving advise to a client who has difficult making a decision the nurse helps the client explore all alternatives and arrive at a choice Justice - correct answer ✔✔fair equal treatment for all EXAMPLE: during a Tx team meeting a nurse collaborates w/ the interdisciplinary team regarding whether or not two clients who broke the same facility rule were treated equally Fidelity - correct answer ✔✔loyalty and faithfulness to the client and to ones duty EXAMPLE: a client ask the nurse to be present when he talks w/ his mother after many years, and the nurse remains w/ client during this interaction Veracity - correct answer ✔✔being honest when dealing with the client EXAMPLE: "you and other staff were talking about me", yes we were discussing ways to help you relate to others in a more positive way intrapersonal communication - correct answer ✔✔occurs within an individual, also identified as self talk interpersonal communication - correct answer ✔✔direct, face-to-face communication between two or more people public communication - correct answer ✔✔communication directed at an audience that is larger than a small group. trans-personal communication - correct answer ✔✔addresses an individual's spiritual needs and provides intervention to meet those needs DEFENSE MECHANISM: Altruism - correct answer ✔✔dealing w/ anxiety by reaching out others EXAMPLE: a nurse who lost of family member in a fire is a volunteer firefighter DEFENSE MECHANISM:sublimation - correct answer ✔✔dealing w/ unacceptable feelings or impulses by unconsciously substituting acceptable forms of expression
DEFENSE MECHANISM: denial - correct answer ✔✔pretending the truth is not reality to manage the anxiety of acknowledging the truth
EXAMPLE: a mother that was inform of his son death tells everyone he is coming home for the holidays DEFENSE MECHANISM: regression - correct answer ✔✔demonstrating behavior from an earlier developmental level. often exhibited as childlike or immature behavior EXAMPLE: a school age child starts sucking on his thumb after he finds out that his parents are separating DEFENSE MECHANISM: dissociation - correct answer ✔✔temporary blocking memories and perceptions from consciousness mild anxiety - correct answer ✔✔Occurs in normal experience of everyday life, and promotes a sharp focus of reality moderate anxiety - correct answer ✔✔affects the ability to concentrate tensions, palpitation, increase heart rate, sweating agitation, muscle tightness easily distracted, can redirect attention may feel somatic complains severe anxiety - correct answer ✔✔thoughts become scattered inability to function, ritualistic behavior, unresponsive trouble sleeping light headed
nausea tremors sense of impending doom, hyperventilation, tachycardia, loud or rapid speech, aimless activity usually unable to follow/take direction from others
anxiety panic - correct answer ✔✔disturbed behavior, not able to know whats going on and looses touch w/ reality extreme fright/horror,severe hyperactivity or flight immobility can occur dysfunction of speech, dilated pupils, severe shakiness, severe withdrawal, inability o sleep, delusions, and hallucinations Op-positional Defiant Disorder - correct answer ✔✔this disorder is characterized by a recurrent pattern of the following antisocial behavior.
negativity disobedience hostility defiant (specially to authority) stubbornness DEFENSE MECHANISM: limit testing unwillingness to compromise refusal to accept respectability for misbehavior
