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Psych 1301 Exam 1 COHN Questions and Answers, Exams of Advanced Education

Psych 1301 Exam 1 COHN Questions and Answers

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2024/2025

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Psych 1301 Exam 1 COHN Questions
and Answers
Which of the following is a good research hypothesis? - ANS-Aggressive behavior
increases as exposure to violent video games increases
What is the purpose of random assignment? - ANS-Random assignment reduces
systematic bias between participants in the experimental and control groups in a search
study
Robert Rosenthal administered a 'Blooming IQ test' to elementary school children.
Children who were identified as 'bloomers' showed significantly greater gains in IQ
scores at the end of the school year compared to children who were not identified as
'bloomers'. These findings were subject to which experimental confound? - ANS-
Expectancy effects
I want to study the effectiveness of a new anti-depressant medication. I recruit 100
depressed individuals into my study. 50 participants receive the new anti-depressant
medication and 50 participants receive a placebo. Two weeks later my research
assistants assessed the depression level of each participant. Neither the participants
nor the research assistants knew which participants received the anti-depressant
medication. This study illustrates a - ANS-Double blind research design
Hundreds of studies have investigated the impact of T.V. violence on aggressive
behavior in children. Results of the studies support the conclusion that - ANS-Viewing
T.V. violence does increase aggressive behavior in children
An investigation tested the following hypothesis: "As age increases, intellectually ability
decreases". The investigator recruited 50 males and 50 females to participate in the
study. Participants were recruited from New York, El Paso, and Los Angeles. What was
the dependent variable in the above study? - ANS-Intellectual ability
An investigator tests the following hypothesis: "As exposure to T.V. violence increases,
aggressive behavior in children increases". What is the independent variable? - ANS-
Amount of T.V. violence viewed by children
"Psychology is formally defined as the scientific study of - ANS-Behavior and metal
processess
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Psych 1301 Exam 1 COHN Questions

and Answers

Which of the following is a good research hypothesis? - ANS-Aggressive behavior increases as exposure to violent video games increases What is the purpose of random assignment? - ANS-Random assignment reduces systematic bias between participants in the experimental and control groups in a search study Robert Rosenthal administered a 'Blooming IQ test' to elementary school children. Children who were identified as 'bloomers' showed significantly greater gains in IQ scores at the end of the school year compared to children who were not identified as 'bloomers'. These findings were subject to which experimental confound? - ANS- Expectancy effects I want to study the effectiveness of a new anti-depressant medication. I recruit 100 depressed individuals into my study. 50 participants receive the new anti-depressant medication and 50 participants receive a placebo. Two weeks later my research assistants assessed the depression level of each participant. Neither the participants nor the research assistants knew which participants received the anti-depressant medication. This study illustrates a - ANS-Double blind research design Hundreds of studies have investigated the impact of T.V. violence on aggressive behavior in children. Results of the studies support the conclusion that - ANS-Viewing T.V. violence does increase aggressive behavior in children An investigation tested the following hypothesis: "As age increases, intellectually ability decreases". The investigator recruited 50 males and 50 females to participate in the study. Participants were recruited from New York, El Paso, and Los Angeles. What was the dependent variable in the above study? - ANS-Intellectual ability An investigator tests the following hypothesis: "As exposure to T.V. violence increases, aggressive behavior in children increases". What is the independent variable? - ANS- Amount of T.V. violence viewed by children "Psychology is formally defined as the scientific study of - ANS-Behavior and metal processess

For centuries philosophers debated whether an individual's behavior was mainly the product of 'inborn tendencies' or the product of 'environmental forces'. This debate is known as the - ANS-Nature vs. Nurture debate Who developed the first research laboratory in psychology? - ANS-Wilhelm Wundt Neutral signals within a single neuron travel from the - ANS-Dendrites to the cell body to the axon An axon is - ANS-The extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body Neurotransmitters are - ANS-Chemical messengers Motor neurons send information from - ANS-The central nervous system to muscles. causing them to relax or contract The junction or point of communication between two neurons is called - ANS-A synapse The fatty substance that surrounds some axons is called - ANS-Myelin Kim is a patient in the hospital recovering from a bad car crash in which her head was badly hurt. Her mom visits Kim in her hospital room. Surprisingly, Kim insists that the woman visitor is not her real mother but an impostor! Kim may be suffering from - ANS- Capgras syndrome Which of the following are neurotransmitters? - ANS-Dopamine, Serotonin, and Acetycholine Dendrites - ANS-Short fibers that receive neural messages from neighboring neurons The central nervous system consists of - ANS-The brain and spinal cord Resting potential - ANS-The state in which a neuron is prepared to activate and communicate its message if it receives sufficient stimulation Action potential - ANS-A brief electrical impulse by which information is transmitted along the axon of a neuron Terminal buttons - ANS-Small knobs at the end of an axon that release chemicals called neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine) Neurotransmitters - ANS-Chemical messengers manufactured by a neuron

Variable - ANS-Any phenomenon or stimulus that can vary in value independent variable - ANS-Experimental factor that is manipulated; the treatment itself (ex. TV time, 15 minutes) Dependent variable - ANS-The behavior that is measure; the factor that might be affected by changes in the independent variable (ex. Children's behavior) Operational definition - ANS-Specifies the operations and procedures that are used to define the independent and dependent variables Random assignment - ANS-Assigning participants to groups by chance which reduces bias, they all have an equal chance of being assigned to any of the conditions of groups in the study (ex. choosing heads or tails and flipping a coin) Experimental group - ANS-The group of participants who are exposed to all experimental conditions. including the independent variable Control group - ANS-In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. Random selection - ANS-Subjects are selected randomly from a larger group so that every group member has an equal chance of being included in the study Placebo - ANS-a fake substance, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct effects Expectancy effects - ANS-the influence of the researcher's expectations on the outcome of the study Confounding variables - ANS-A variable whose uncontrolled presence serves to confound your results and possibly leads to false conclusions Double-blind study - ANS-An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo Research designs - ANS-Plans of action for how to conduct a scientific study -Case study -Observational study -Interview study -Survey study -Experimental study Observational study - ANS-A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed

Case study - ANS--Background information -In depth study

  • Cannot generalize findings Interview - ANS-A face-to-face or telephone questioning of a respondent to obtain desired information (confound- lying) Survey - ANS-A questionnaire or interview designed to investigate the opinions, behaviors, or characteristics of a particular group Experimental study - ANS-Used to show how one variable causes change in a second variable Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANS-The brain and spinal cord Synesthesia - ANS-Blending of two or more senses -Hearing notes and seeing color -Seeing numbers and color
  • Touch and taste Prosopagnosia - ANS-A condition characterized by an inability to recognize peoples faces Capgras syndrome - ANS-A condition characterized by the belief that ones close acquaintances (ex. mom, dad) are impostors Neuron - ANS-A highly specialized cell that communicates information in electrical and chemical form; a nerve cell Traveling neuron phases - ANS-Dendrites- cell body- axon- axon terminal Sensory neurons - ANS-Perceive information, sensory receptors Motor neurons - ANS-Motor function and movements Inter-neurons - ANS-Connect cell together Myelin (Myelin sheath) - ANS-A white, fatty covering wrapped around the axons of some neurons that increases their communication speed Frontal lobe - ANS-Executive functioning, planning, impulse control, motor cortex, and activity Parietal lobe - ANS-Sensory cortex- sensory information-touch, pressure, temperature, and pain

What is phrenology? - ANS-It is a pseudoscience where they would study the head to determine personality. It is one of the earliest attempts at organizing parts of the brain How many neurons are present in a single human brain? - ANS-About 100 billion