1. PREMISE: Only after numerous iterations of writing, reading, performance, and feedback does excellence emerge.
CONCLUSION: Writing is Revision.
2. PREMISE: It is never possible to completely rule out the chance of eventually discovering data refuting a scientific
theory.
CONCLUSION: No scientific theory can be proved beyond a reasonable doubt.
3. PREMISE: Making genuinely moral decisions necessitates carefully separating what is morally permissible from
what is merely socially acceptable.
CONCLUSION: Intellectual integrity is necessary for genuine moral integrity.
4. PREMISE: The study of logic improves a person's capacity for comprehension, analysis, evaluation, and argument
construction.
CONCLUSION: The modern university's curriculum benefits greatly from logic.
5. PREMISE: People in future generations have just as much of a right as those in the present to lead physically safe and
healthy lives.
CONCLUSION: Every one of us has a responsibility to prevent more environmental damage from endangering the
existence and well-being of future populations of humans on Earth.
6. PREMISE: On the sides of mountains, alpine flowers do appear prettier.
CONCLUSION: Alpine wildflowers should not be collected.
7. PREMISE: The Miss USA contestant is an adulteress.
CONCLUSION: The Miss USA contestant needs to drop out of the competition.
8. PREMISE: The fear of crime affects considerably more people than are likely to become victims and compels them to
accept restrictions on their freedom of action.
CONCLUSION: Criminal activity's impact on people's quality of life cannot be evaluated simply by how often it
occurs.
9. PREMISE: A government is made up of several different components that are all so tightly connected to one another
that shaking one would cause a concussion throughout the entire structure.
CONCLUSION: It is seriously debatable whether the obvious benefit of modifying an existing law—however bad—
outweighs the harm caused by keeping it in place.
10. PREMISE: It is indigestible to their systems, which may cause baby botulism.
CONCLUSION: Honey shouldn't be given to babies under one year old.
11. PREMISE: We're selfish by nature.
CONCLUSION: Teaching kindness and charity should be a priority.
12. PREMISE: The various legumes have slightly different nutritional profiles, as can be seen by taking a quick look at
the nutrition charts.
CONCLUSION: Eating a variety of beans and peas is a good idea.
13. PREMISE 1: The prickly cactus, tobacco, and poison ivy are all natural.
PREMISE 2: A significant amount of the food that is produced around the world uses chemical fertilizers.
CONCLUSION: The notion that something created artificially must be bad and something created naturally must be
nice is untrue.
14. PREMISE: People who receive regular touches and hugs fare better.
CONCLUSION: You should exercise.
15. PREMISE 1: There have been mistakes made by "authorities" in the past.
PREMISE 2: In the future, they will repeat this behavior.
CONCLUSION: Authorities' claims don't usually hold much weight.
16. PREMISE: For seventy years, Marxists tried unsuccessfully to uproot Christianity in the former Soviet Union.
CONCLUSION: Awareness of God is natural, widespread, and not easy to forget, ignore, or destroy.
17. PREMISE: During near-death encounters, people from various religious backgrounds perceive various
religious figures.
CONCLUSION: Near-death encounters take place inside the mind, not without.
18. PREMISE: Pain is pain wherever it occurs.
CONCLUSION: We cannot logically disregard or reject the moral relevance of the suffering your dog
experiences if your neighbor's actions are immoral because of the harm they cause.
19. PREMISE: Without external ordinances, explicit summons to worship, and the constructive impact of
example, religion which has far-off benefits and is only motivated by faith and hope will gradually fade
from people's minds.
CONCLUSION: It is dangerous to belong to no church.
20. PREMISE: Government-mandated violence is incompatible with the expectation that children and adults of
all ages will behave nonviolently.
CONCLUSION: There should be no confusion regarding whether the death penalty is right or wrong.
