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Pharmacology Advanced Final NR 565 2024-2025 latest
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Who|should|receive|Tdap|vaccination?|-|verified|answersAdults|in|close|contact|with|infants|healthcare| workers Contraindication|for|Tdap|vaccine|-|verified|answersSevere|allergic|reaction|to|previous|dose,|or|hx|of| encephalopathy|within| 7 |days|of|vaccine Varicella|vaccine|contraindications|-|verified|answersHx|of|anaphylaxis|with|previous|dose,|allergy|to| gelatin|or|neomycin Hepatitis|B|vaccine|contraindications|-|verified|answersPrevious|rxn|to|vaccine,|allergy|to|yeast|and| neomycin Examples|of|attenuated|vaccines|-|verified|answersmeasles,|mumps,|rubella,|chickenpox,|yellow|fever,| rotavirus examples|of|live|vaccines|-|verified|answersMMR,|varicella,|rotavirus,|influenza examples|of|toxoid|vaccines|-|verified|answersDiphtheria,|tetanus,|pertussis, Examples|of|inactive|viral|antigen|vaccine|-|verified|answersPoliovirus|(SALK),|Hep|A,|Hep|B,|influenza What|are|the|types|of|immunity?|-|verified|answersactive,|passive,|and|herd Define|vaccine|-|verified|answerssuspension|of|organisms|or|fractions|of|organisms|that|induce|immunity Post|exposure|prophylaxis|for|Rabies|-|verified|answershuman|rabies|immunoglobulin|+|human|diploid| cell|vaccine|on|days|0,3,7, Patient|teaching|after|vaccination|-|verified|answersRedness|and|swelling|can|occur|at|site,|mild|fever|or| fatigue Who|can|receive|attenuated|influenza|vaccine|(Flumist)|-|verified|answersindividuals|>2yo|an|d|less|than| 50.|non|pregnant,|and|those|who|are|not|immunocompromised Pantoprazole|dosing|-|verified|answers40|-| 80 |mg|ORAL|or|IV|Qday Metronidazole|(Flagyl)|dosing|-|verified|answers250|mg|4x|day|or|500mg|BID|for|7-14|days Ondansetron|(Zofran)|dosing|-|verified|answers-8/24mg|po| 30 |minutes|prior|to|chemo|initiation -8/16|mg|po|Q12h|for|1/2|days|after|chemo|administration -TOP| 200
Albuterol|Sulfate|(inhalation)|dosage|-|verified|answers2|inhalations What|labs|are|used|to|diagnose|thyroid|disease|-|verified|answersTSH|T3|T When|should|you|recheck|labs|after|starting|levothyroxine|-|verified|answers6-8|weeks|until|euthyroid| state signs|and|symptoms|of|hypothyroidism|-|verified|answersThin,|dry|hair| Thick,|brittle|nails| constipation| bradycardia Goiter PeriOrbital|edema| cold|intolerance| weight|gain signs|and|symptoms|hyperthyroidism|-|verified|answers1.|heat|intolerance|(high|heat|production) 2.|weight|loss,|increased|appetite 3.|hyperactivity 4.|diarrhea 5.|high|reflexes 6.|pretibial|myxedema|(Graves) 7.|warm|moist|skin;|fine|hair 8.|chest|pain,|palpitations,|arrhythmias,|increased|β-adrenergic|receptors Treatment|of|thyroid|storm|-|verified|answers-|Propylthiouracil|(preferred)|or|methimazole
Example:|TDD|=|patient's|weight|in|kg|(80kg)|x|0.6|units|=| 48 |units.|That|means| 24 |units|of|the|TDD|is|the| basal|insulin|dose|and|the|other| 24 |units|is|rapid-acting. Carbohydrate|to|insulin|ratio|when|calculating|basal|insulin|-|verified|answers500|divided|by|TDD Which|diabetic|medications|come|with|concern|of|hypoglycemia|-|verified|answersInsulin,|meglitinides,| sulfonylureas,|amylin|analogues Who|is|at|risk|for|Methylxanthines|toxicity|-|verified|answersOlder|Adults|taking|anticholinergics|and| beta|agonists Smokers Step| 1 |therapy|for|asthma|and|COPD|-|verified|answersManage|with|a|SABA|(albuterol)|as|needed. Asthma|Step|1:|Intermittent|-|verified|answersSABA|PRN Asthma|Step|2:|Mild|Persistent|-|verified|answers-General|Symptoms|>2|times/week|BUT|<1|time/day;| exacerbations|may|affect|activity -Night|Symptoms|>2|times/month -Lung|Function:|FEV1|or|PEF|≥80%|predicted.|PEF|variability|20-30% Asthma|Step|3:|Moderate|Persistent|-|verified|answers-General|Symptoms:|Daily|symptoms.|Daily|use|of| inhaled|SABA.|Exacerbations|≥2|times/week;|may|last|days. -Night|symptoms|>1|time/week -Lung|Function:|FEV1|or|PEF|>60%|to|<80%|predicted.|PEF|variability|>30% Asthma|Step|4:|Severe|Persistent|-|verified|answers-General|Symptoms:|Continued|symptoms.|Limited| physical|activity.|Frequent|exacerbations. -Night|Symptoms:|Frequent -Lung|Function:|FEV1|or|PEF|<60%|predicted.|PEF|variability|>30% SABAs|-|verified|answersalbuterol,|levalbuterol,|terbutaline Benefits|of|SABA|-|verified|answersShort|acting|relief|of|bronchospasm| Relieves|asthma|attacks SABA|patient|teaching|-|verified|answersAdvise|patients|to|use|albuterol|first|if|using|other|inhalation| medications|and|allow| 5 |min|to|elapse|before|administering|other|inhalant|medications|unless| otherwise|directed. Advise|patient|to|rinse|mouth|with|water|after|each|inhalation|dose|to|minimize|dry|mouth|and|clean| the|mouthpiece|with|water|at|least|once|a|week.
Instruct|patient|to|notify|health|care|professional|if|there|is|no|response|to|the|usual|dose|or|if|contents| of|one|canister|are|used|in|less|than| 2 |wk.|Asthma|and|treatment|regimen|should|be|re-evaluated|and| corticosteroids|should|be|considered.|Need|for|increased|use|to|treat|symptoms|indicates|decrease|in| asthma|control|and|need|to|re-evaluate|patient's|therapy. Importance|of|knowing|how|often|to|use|SABA|-|verified|answersCan|be|deadly|if|misuse LABAs|-|verified|answersSalmeterol Formoterol| Oldaterol Benefits|to|a|LABA|are?|-|verified|answersLess|frequent|dosing|and|nocturnal|protection LABA|use|in|COPD|-|verified|answersUsually|first|line|in|combination|with|LAMA Examples|of|inhaled|corticosteroids|-|verified|answersbeclomethasone,|budesonide,|fluticasone Benefits|of|inhaled|corticosteroids|-|verified|answersDecrease|eosinophils/mast|cells/T-lymphocytes Inhibit|transcription|of|inflammatory|genes|in|airway|epithelium Reduce|endothelial|cell|leak Upregulate|B2|receptor|production Reduce|airway|epithelial|subbasement|membrane|thickening Steroid|use|in|asthma|-|verified|answersShort|course|of|oral|when|asthma|attack|occurs|usually| prednisone When|would|roflumilast|be|indicated|for|a|COPD|patient?|(PDE4|inhibitor)|-|verified|answersSevere|cases| of|COPD|with|a|primary|component|of|chronic|bronchitis.|COPD|exacerbations. How|does|nicotine|work?|-|verified|answerswhen|it|gets|into|the|brain,|it|attaches|to|acetylcholine| receptors|and|mimics|the|actions|acetylcholine.|It|also|activates|areas|of|the|brain|that|are|involved|in| producing|feelings|and|pleasure|and|reward. Nicotine|Replacement|Therapy|(NRT)|-|verified|answersa|form|of|medicine|that|delivers|small|amounts| of|nicotine|to|the|body|to|help|a|person|quit|using|tobacco Nicotine|replacement|education|-|verified|answersinhalers|should|not|be|used|by|clients|with|asthma,| with|the|gum|and|loengers|no|eating|or|drinking| 15 |minutes|prior|to|using|and|during,|with|the|patch| take|off|at|night|because|can|cause|nightmares|or|sleep|disturbances|and|teach|patient|not|to|use|other| nicotine|products|while|using|patch|due|to|the|stimulation|of|the|CNS,|the|lozenges|need|to|slowly| dissolve|for|effectiveness|and|no|more|then| 5 |in|a| 6 |hrs|period Wellbutrin|Contraindications|-|verified|answerscaution|in|patients|with|a|history|of|seizures,|anorexia| nervosa,|cocaine|use,|and|alcohol|withdrawal|and|bupropion.|SR|should|not|be|given|with|MAOI| inhibitors Bupropion|(Wellbutrin)|length|of|treatment|-|verified|answers7-12|weeks
Lifestyle|modification|to|support|ulcer|healing|-|verified|answers5-6|small|meals|a|day,|stop|smoking,| avoid|NSAIDs Which|antidiarrheal|agent|should|not|be|used|in|children|during|or|after|chickenpox|-|verified| answersPepto-Bismol|(Bismuth|Subsalycitate) Traveler's|diarrhea|-|verified|answersE.|coli Traveler's|Diarrhea|Treatment|-|verified|answersCipro Ciproflaxin|(Cipro)|teaching|in|Travelers|Diarrhea|-|verified|answersOnly|start|if|symptoms|are| progressive|and|not|getting|better|with|pepto What|drug|is|associated|with|gray/black|stool|and|black|tongue|-|verified|answersPepto-Bismol| (Bismouth|Subsalicylate) constipation|lifestyle|changes|-|verified|answersregular|exercise increase|fluids!!! bowel|habit|training Increase|fiber Risks|of|laxatives|during|pregnancy|-|verified|answersGastrointestinal|stimulation|can|induce|labor. Constipation|treatment|in|pregnancy|-|verified|answersLifestyle -Try|fiber|(psyllium,|methyl|cellulose)|with|adequate|fluids|first -docusate|and|PEG|are|used|to|prevent|and|treat Constipation|treatment|in|breastfeeding|-|verified|answersSenna How|does|psyllium|work?|-|verified|answersabsorbs|H2O|into|GI|tract|to|increase|bulk|of|stool What|happens|when|psyllium|doesn't|produce|bowel|movements|-|verified|answersCan|result|in|fecal| impaction|and|obstruction| Abd|pain|should|be|assessed|with|no|BM Why|is|a|diary|important|in|treatment|and|diagnosis|of|IBS|-|verified|answersCan|identify|triggers how|to|treat|gastroparesis|-|verified|answersProkinetic|drug|is|best|Reglan black|box|warning|reglan|-|verified|answerstardive|dyskinesia Metronidazole|education|-|verified|answers-avoid|ETOH|during|and| 2 |days|after -take|on|empty|stomach -dry|mouth