Download Pediatrics Exam 2: Latest 2025 Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
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The nurse is providing education to the parents of a female toddler with hydrocephalus who has just had a shunt placed. Which statement is the best to make during a teaching session? - correct answer ✅Tell me your concerns about your child's shunt. The nurse is educating parents of a male infant with Chiari type II malformation. Which statement about their child's condition is most accurate? - correct answer ✅"Take your time feeding your baby." Dexamethasone is often prescribed for the child who has sustained a severe head injury. Dexamethasone is a(n): - correct answer ✅steroid A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child for possible bacterial meningitis. Which sign would indicate irritation of the meninges? - correct answer ✅Positive Kernig sign A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department after being in a motor vehicle accident. The child experienced head trauma in the accident. When assessing the child, which will be the first change noted in the presence of increasing intercranial pressure? - correct answer ✅change in level of consciousness The young boy was involved in a motor vehicle accident and was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with changes in level of consciousness and a high- pitched cry. Which are late signs of increased intracranial pressure? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅The child's toes are pointed downward, his head and neck are arched backwards, and his arms and legs are extended. The child's heart rate is 56 beats per minute. The child's pupils are fixed and dilated.
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A nurse is reviewing blood work for a child with a cyanotic heart defect. What result would most likely be seen in a client experiencing polycythemia? - correct answer ✅increased RBC A nurse suspects a child is experiencing cardiac tamponade after heart surgery. What would be the priority nursing intervention? - correct answer ✅Notify the doctor immediately. A mother is asking for more information about her infant's patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). What would be included in the education? - correct answer ✅This is caused by an opening that usually closes by 1 week of age. The nurse is caring for a child with congestive heart failure and is administering the drug digoxin. At the beginning of this drug therapy, the process of digitalization is done for which reason? - correct answer ✅To build the blood levels to a therapeutic level The nurse is teaching an in-service program to a group of nurses on the topic of children diagnosed with rheumatic fever. The nurses in the group make the following statements. Which statement is most accurate regarding the diagnosis of rheumatic fever? - correct answer ✅"Children who have this diagnosis may have had strep throat." The nurse has administered oral penicillin as ordered for prophylaxis of endocarditis. The nurse instructs the parents to immediately report which reaction? - correct answer ✅wheezing
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A nurse is caring for an infant who just had open-heart surgery and the parents are asking why there are wires coming out of the infant's chest. What is the best response by the nurse? - correct answer ✅These wires are connected to the heart and will detect if your infant's heart gets out of rhythm. The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child with a congenital heart defect. To best relieve a hypercyanotic spell, what action would be the priority? - correct answer ✅Place the child in a knee-to-chest position. The pediatric nurse examines the radiographs of a client that indicate lesions on the bone. This finding is indicative of: - correct answer ✅Ewing sarcoma The nurse is administering meperidine as ordered for pain management for a 10- year-old boy in sickle cell crisis. The nurse would be alert for: - correct answer ✅seizures A preschooler who received chemotherapy in the pediatric oncology outpatient department 1 week ago now has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? - correct answer ✅Have the parent bring the child to the pediatric oncology clinic as soon as possible. A nurse is preparing a 7-year-old girl for bone marrow aspiration. Which site should she prepare? - correct answer ✅iliac crest
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the nurse is preparing to send a child with cancer for a radiation treatment. Which medication should the nurse provide to premedicate the child for this procedure?
- correct answer ✅antiemetic The blood cell becomes an erythrocyte. Rank the following steps in the proper order of occurrence. - correct answer ✅The bone marrow releases a stem cell. Thrombopoietin acts on the cell. The myeloid cell becomes a megakaryocyte. Erythropoietin helps the cell turn into a red blood cell. A child diagnosed with hemophilia presents with warm, swollen, painful joints. Which action will the nurse take first? - correct answer ✅Prepare to administer factor replacement medication The nurse is explaining the procedure of bone marrow aspiration to a 6-year-old child with leukemia. What explanation would be best to give to the child? - correct answer ✅"You may feel pressure on your hip during the procedure." The nurse explains to the teenager that which alterations may occur when steroids are added to the cancer therapy regimen? - correct answer ✅facial changes What is one advantage of an implanted port (central venous access device) that the nurse will explain to an adolescent? - correct answer ✅body appearance changes very little
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A 3-month-old boy is found to have undescended testes. The parents are concerned. What should the nurse anticipate as the next step for this client? - correct answer ✅Reassess the client's testes at 6 months of age. In understanding the development of the musculoskeletal system, the nurse recognizes that what is implanted in a gel-like substance during fetal life? - correct answer ✅cartilage The nurse caring for an infant with myelomeningocele before surgical intervention will prioritize care in what way? - correct answer ✅Cover the sac with a saline- moistened dressing. The nurse is taking the history of a 4-year-old boy. His mother mentions that he seems weaker and unable to keep up with his 6-year-old sister on the playground. Which question should the nurse ask to elicit the most helpful information? - correct answer ✅"Would you please describe the weakness you are seeing in your son?" A nurse is caring for an infant with a meningocele. Which finding alerts the nurse that the lesion is increasing in size? - correct answer ✅constipation and bladder dysfunction A nurse is caring for a 13-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. He says he feels isolated and that there is no one who understands the challenges of his disease. How should the nurse respond? - correct answer ✅"There are a lot of kids with the same type of muscular dystrophy you have at the MDA support group."
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The student nurse is developing a care plan for a child who suffered a fractured tibia and will have a cast on his lower leg for approximately 6 weeks. Which nursing diagnosis would be the priority for this client? - correct answer ✅Impaired physical mobility related to a cast on the leg The nurse is discussing types of treatment used when working with children who have orthopedic disorders. Which form of treatment covers the lower part of the body, usually from the waist down, and either one or both legs while leaving the feet open? - correct answer ✅spica cast The nurse is caring for a newborn with facial nerve palsy from birth trauma. The mother is very upset and concerned about the child's prognosis. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? - correct answer ✅"In most cases treatment is not necessary, only observation." The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl in traction. The girl is experiencing muscle spasms associated with the traction. What would the nurse expect to administer if ordered? - correct answer ✅diazepam The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old boy with a fracture of the humerus. His chart indicates "fracture is partially through the physis extending into the metaphysis." The nurse identifies this as which Salter-Harris classification? - correct answer ✅type II The nurse is conducting a wellness examination of a 6-month-old child. The mother points out some dimpling and skin discoloration in the child's lumbosacral area. How should the nurse respond? - correct answer ✅"This can be considered
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The nurse is teaching the mother of a 5-year-old boy with a history of impaction how to administer enemas at home. Which response from the mother indicates a need for further teaching? - correct answer ✅"I should position him on his abdomen with knees bent." The nurse is talking with a woman in her second trimester of pregnancy who has been diagnosed with polyhydramnios. The physician has ordered an ultrasound be performed to check for the presence of esophageal atresia. Which statement by the woman indicates an understanding of the relationship between these conditions? - correct answer ✅"Babies with esophageal atresia have an inability to swallow amniotic fluid causing the excess buildup." A parent brings the 10-year-old child in to the clinic. The nurse notes: icteric sclera and skin, headache, anorexia, vomiting, and temperature 101.8°F (38.8°C). The parent states the child has had the symptoms since returning to the US from India a few days ago. The nurse will anticipate preparing the child for which test? - correct answer ✅liver function tests The nurse observes the interactions of parents with their infant who was born with a cleft lip. The mother is attempting to feed the baby, but does not make eye contact. The father is watching television with his back turned to the mother and baby. What psychosocial nursing intervention would be most helpful to this family? - correct answer ✅Ask the parents if they have any questions regarding the care of their child. A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse anticipates that what action would be attempted first to reduce this condition? - correct answer ✅barium enema
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The nurse is collecting data on a 2-year-old child admitted with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis. When interviewing the caregivers, which question is most important for the nurse to ask? - correct answer ✅"Tell me about the types of stools your child has been having." The mother of a newborn with a cleft lip reports she is having a hard time looking her baby. What is the best action by the nurse? - correct answer ✅Encourage the mother to provide care for her infant. A child presents with intermittent abdominal pain, severe anorexia, and diarrhea. The child's height and weight are significantly behind standards for age. There is skin breakdown in the anal region. The nurse explains that this presentation is consistent with which diagnosis? - correct answer ✅Crohn disease A 3-year-old child has been brought to the clinic for assessment of chronic constipation. After ruling out an organic cause, what will the nurse prioritize in the child's plan of care? - correct answer ✅administering over-the-counter stool softeners but for no longer than 1 week The nurse is providing education to the parents of a female toddler with hydrocephalus who has just had a shunt placed. Which statement is the best to make during a teaching session? - correct answer ✅Tell me your concerns about your child's shunt. A 9-year-old boy is suffering from headaches but has no signs of physical or neurologic illness. Which intervention would be most appropriate? - correct answer ✅Teach the child and his parents to keep a headache diary.
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answer ✅"I can't take this medication within 2 hours of taking my antacid medication." The nurse is caring for an adolescent who suffered an injury during a diving accident. During assessment the client is demonstrating the posturing in the figure. The nurse is aware that this type of posturing is the result of injury to what area? - correct answer ✅brain stem The nurse is preparing a care plan for a toddler diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP). Which intervention would be appropriate for the nursing diagnosis of Risk for disuse syndrome related to spasticity of muscle groups? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅Administer carbidopa/levodopa as prescribed. Administer benzodiazepines as prescribed. Teach parents exercises and games to help prevent contractures. The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child recently prescribed carbamazepine for a seizure disorder. Which statement by a parent indicates successful teaching? - correct answer ✅"I need to watch for any new bruises or bleeding and let my health care provider know about it." The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with hydrocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. The child is currently on a ventilator. Which nursing action is priority? - correct answer ✅assess respiratory status A 7-year-old client has been complaining of headache, coughing, and an aching chest. The care provider makes a diagnosis of a viral infection. The child's mother tells the nurse that when she first said she had a headache, the child's father gave her half of an adult aspirin. The mother has heard of Reye syndrome and asks the
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nurse if her child could get this. Which statement would be the best response by the nurse? - correct answer ✅This might or might not be a problem. Watch your daughter for signs of lethargy, unusual irritability, confusion, or vomiting. If you notice any of these, bring her to the emergency room immediately so she can be checked for Reye syndrome." After teaching a group of students about neural tube disorders, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students identify this as a neural tube defect. - correct answer ✅Arnold-Chiari malformation While caring for a child who will be undergoing a lumbar puncture, the nurse explains the procedure to the infant's mother. Which statement by the mother would indicate a need for further education? - correct answer ✅"I will cradle her in my arms after the procedure for at least 30 minutes." The nurse is caring for a child who has suffered a febrile seizure. While speaking with the child's parents, which statement by a parent indicates a need for further education? - correct answer ✅"I hate to think that I will need to be worried about my child having seizures for the rest of his life." The nurse has performed discharge teaching for parents of a child diagnosed with epilepsy. The child has been prescribed Zonegran (zonisamide). Which comments by the parents indicate the need for further discharge teaching regarding this medication? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅"This medication can make our child very sedated so we need to monitor for this side effect." "We need to watch our child's gums for swelling since this commonly happens with this medicine." "We may need to add B-complex vitamin supplementation to our child's medications because this can help mange side effects."
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The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child with a congenital heart defect. To best relieve a hypercyanotic spell, what action would be the priority? - correct answer ✅Place the child in a knee-to-chest position. When educating the family of an infant with a small, asymptomatic atrial septal defect (ASD), what information would be included in the education - correct answer ✅"Most infants do not need surgical repair for this." Which nursing diagnosis would best apply to a child with rheumatic fever? - correct answer ✅Activity intolerance related to inability of heart to sustain extra workload What would be the most important measure to implement for an infant who develops heart failure? - correct answer ✅placing the infant in a semi-Fowler position A newborn has been diagnosed with a congenital heart disease. Which congenital heart disease is associated with cyanosis? - correct answer ✅tetralogy of Fallot A child will be undergoing a Holter monitor test. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further instruction? - correct answer ✅"My child cannot have any thing to eat or drink after midnight the day of the test." The primary health care provider has prescribed intravenous furosemide for a child diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF). Which action will the nurse take when administering this medication? - correct answer ✅Infuse no more than 4 mg per minute.
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The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. The parent states a variety of symptoms. Which symptoms does the nurse identify as directly related to the child's cancer? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅Bruising Anorexia Sore throat Lymphadenopathy The nurse is assessing a child who is experiencing an acute splenic sequestration secondary to sickle cell disease. What treatment would be a priority? - correct answer ✅emergent transfusion To prevent further sickle cell crisis, the nurse would advise the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia to: - correct answer ✅notify a health care provider if the child develops an upper respiratory infection. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? - correct answer ✅Ineffective tissue perfusion related to poor platelet formation A child is to receive an oral corticosteroid as part of the treatment regimen for leukemia. After teaching the child and family about this drug, the nurse determines the need for additional teaching when they state: - correct answer ✅"We should administer the drug on an empty stomach." Parents ask why their child just diagnosed with leukemia needs a "spinal tap." Which is the best response by the nurse? - correct answer ✅"Checking the
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his mother reports that his eyes are puffy. Although he had a fever 2 days ago, his temperature is now down to 100℉ (37.8℃). The nurse encourages the mother to have the child seen by the care provider because the nurse suspects the child may have: - correct answer ✅acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old client diagnosed with acute renal failure. During assessment, the nurse notes: temperature 99.0°F (37.2°C), urine output less than 0.4 mL/kg/hr, blood pressure 130/88 mm Hg, periorbital edema, and respirations 28 breaths/minute. Which prescriptions will the nurse anticipate from the primary health care provider? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅furosemide dialysis serum electrolyte levels urinalysis labetalol A child is hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which measurement is best for the nurse to determine the child's edema? - correct answer ✅weight, daily A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is prescribed for a child. What education should be provided to the parents? - correct answer ✅The VCUG will rule out vesicoureteral reflux. The caregiver of a child being treated at home for acute glomerulonephritis calls the nurse reporting that her daughter has just had a convulsion. The child is resting comfortably but the caregiver would like to know what to do. The nurse would instruct the caregiver to take which action? - correct answer ✅Take the
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child's blood pressure and report the findings to the nurse while the nurse is still on the phone. The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. When assessing the child, what findings does the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✅generalized edema weight gain headache
