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PEDIA -
Physical, Neurologic Examination - Feb 8, 2024
8:50 AM - 22/
A neonate has a pit on his lower back just above the crease between the buttocks. What is an important history finding you should explore? Perinatal infection Gestational hypertension Lack of prenatal supplementation Assisted delivery via vacuum or forceps Dorsiflexion of toes after stimulation of the lateral plantar aspect of the foot is abnormal in which case? A 6 month old infant A 6 year old child Newborn A 12 month old infant Which of the following is an upper airway finding Question 1 options: Rales Stridor Friction rub Wheezing
Which of the component of the vital signs increases as the patient's age increase Question 2 options: RR and SBP HR and RR SBP and DBP HR and PR The pulses are described based on... EXCEPT Question 3 options: Volume Refill Rate Rhythm Fluid waves and shifting dullness are used to detect presence of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. What is the percussion finding suggestive of fluid in the peritoneal cavity Question 4 options: Hyper resonant Tympanitic Hyporessonant Dullness When examining the abdomen, dullness on percussion indicates the presence of fluid or solid tissue, which could suggest ascites or other intra-abdominal fluid collections. Fluid within the peritoneal cavity causes a shift in the location of dullness upon changing the patient's position (shifting dullness) or by transmitting a fluid wave through the abdomen (fluid wave). Hyperresonant and tympanitic percussion notes are more commonly associated
Chest retraction is a sign of respiratory distress
. True or False True. Chest retraction, where the skin appears to sink in between the ribs or above the collarbone with each breath, is indeed a sign of respiratory distress. It indicates increased effort in breathing, typically due to obstruction or restriction of the airways, decreased lung compliance, or other respiratory issues. CN IX, X are involved in swallowing and voice quality True or False True. Cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus) are involved in swallowing and contribute to voice quality. The glossopharyngeal nerve plays a role in the sensory aspects of swallowing, while the vagus nerve innervates the muscles involved in swallowing and also plays a role in controlling the vocal cords, thus influencing voice quality. Therefore, it is true that cranial nerves IX and X are involved in swallowing and voice quality. Asymmetric chest expansion suggests effusion, collapse of lung or consolidation True or False True. Asymmetric chest expansion can suggest various underlying conditions such as pleural effusion (fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity), lung collapse (atelectasis), or lung consolidation (solidification of lung tissue). These conditions can affect the normal expansion of the chest wall and result in asymmetry in chest expansion during respiration. Therefore, it is true that asymmetric chest expansion can suggest effusion, collapse of the lung, or consolidation. What is the very narrow and inability of the preputial sac to be retracted The condition you're describing is known as phimosis. Phimosis is a condition in which the foreskin of the penis is very tight, making it difficult or impossible to retract over the glans (head) of the penis. This can lead to problems with hygiene and potentially cause discomfort or pain during urination or sexual activity. In some cases, phimosis may require medical intervention, such as topical steroids or circumcision, to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. CN II, III, IV, VI are involved in object tracking True or False True. Cranial nerves II (optic nerve), III (oculomotor nerve), IV (trochlear nerve), and VI (abducens nerve) are all involved in object tracking or smooth pursuit eye movements. These movements allow the eyes to smoothly track moving objects and maintain fixation on a target as it moves across the visual field. Each of these cranial
nerves plays a specific role in coordinating the movements of the eyes to enable effective object tracking. Therefore, it is true that CN II, III, IV, and VI are involved in object tracking. How is chest circumference measured? Full inspiration with tape horizontally around the chest with the nipples as the reference Tape horizontally around the chest with the nipple as the reference Mid inspiration with tape horizontally around the chest with the glabella as the reference Mid inspiration with tape horizontally around the chest with the xiphoid notch as the reference The correct option for measuring chest circumference is: "Full inspiration with tape horizontally around the chest with the nipples as the reference." This method ensures that the measurement is taken at the point of maximal expansion during inspiration, providing an accurate representation of chest circumference. The nipples are typically used as a reference point for consistency in measurements. Which of the following would have increase tactile fremitus Atelectasis Pneumothorax Consolidation Effusion The condition that would typically result in an increase in tactile fremitus is consolidation. Tactile fremitus refers to the palpable vibration felt on the chest wall during vocalisation. Consolidation, which involves the filling of air spaces in the lung with fluid, pus, or other substances, increases the density of the lung tissue. As a result, vocal vibrations are transmitted more effectively through consolidated lung tissue, leading to increased tactile fremitus. Therefore, consolidation is the correct option. Presence of fluid inside the scrotal sac is evaluated by
membranes, decreased skin turgor), and any signs of distress or discomfort. This initial observation provides important information about the patient's overall condition and helps guide further assessment and management. Therefore, "General survey" is the correct option. Which of the following is NOT a primitive reflex Rooting Galant Cremasteric Moro The "Cremasteric reflex" is not a primitive reflex. Primitive reflexes are automatic movements that are present in newborns and infants, controlled by primitive parts of the brain. These reflexes typically disappear as the central nervous system matures. Examples of primitive reflexes include the rooting reflex, Moro reflex, and Galant reflex. The cremasteric reflex, on the other hand, is a reflex observed in males where stroking the inner thigh leads to contraction of the cremaster muscle and elevation of the testicle on the same side. While it may be present in infants, it is not considered a primitive reflex because it is mediated by more mature neural pathways and does not originate from primitive brain structures. Therefore, "Cremasteric" is the correct option. The head circumference is greater than the chest circumference in the 1sty 9-12 months of life True or False In the first 9-12 months of life, it is typical for the head circumference to be greater than the chest circumference. This is a normal pattern of growth in infants, as the head tends to grow more rapidly than the rest of the body during this stage of development. Therefore, the statement is false. Bowel sounds is distant in which of the following Question 24 options: Ileus Ascites
Early obstruction Diarrhea ChatGPT Bowel sounds are typically distant or absent in the presence of ileus. Ileus refers to a condition characterized by the absence of normal bowel motility, leading to a lack of bowel sounds on auscultation. It can occur due to various reasons such as abdominal surgery, inflammation, or neurological disorders affecting the intestines. Therefore, "Ileus" is the correct option.
Normal Newborn, Nutrition, and
Growth & Development - 17/
Feb 22, 2024 8:00 AM - Solutions are at the bottom Question 1 (1 point) Benefits of delayed cord clamping include the following, EXCEPT Question 1 options: Decrease risk of sepsis, pneumonia Decrease risk of intraventricular hemorrhage Decrease risk of necrotizing enterocolitis Decrease need for transfusion Question 2 (1 point) Which is NOT a component of Essential Intrapartum Newborn Care? Question 2 options:
1-3 day of life After 7 day of life Immediately after birth 5-7 day of life Question 6 (1 point) Immediate assessment of the newborn includes the following, EXCEPT Question 6 options: Are there comorbid conditions of the mother Does the baby look "term" Is there good tone Is he crying or breathing Question 7 (1 point) Which is TRUE about the hematologic system of newborn infants? Question 7 options: Hemolytic disease of the newborn is prevented by Rhogam Arterial oxygen pressures are higher in the neonate than in the adult Fetal hemoglobin has low oxygen affinity Fetal hemoglobin remains present in circulation until about three months of age Question 8 (1 point) Which is TRUE about gender growth patterns during adolescent period Question 8 options:
Menarche occurs before thelarche among females Muscle and adipose deposition is the same for both genders Bone mineral density peaks late in adolescent Growth spurts occurs earlier in female than males Question 9 (1 point) Which among the following is NOT an early sign of feeding Question 9 options: Mouthing Seeking/turning of head Crying Stirring Question 10 (1 point) Which is FALSE about growth patterns in children Question 10 options: Organ systems grow at a particular rate with variable pattern Reproductive organs grows slowly before puberty Lymphoid tissues reach adult dimension at age 6 years Closure of epiphyses occurs at 14 and 17 years, girls and boys respectively. Question 11 (1 point) Which of the following is TRUE about colostrum Question 11 options:
4 and 5 years, respectively 2 and 3 years, respectively 7 and 10 years, respectively 3 and 5 years, respectively Question 15 (1 point) Handedness is established at what age Question 15 options: 2 years 5 years 3 years 1 year Question 16 (1 point) Developmental theory observed when a infant plays peek-a-boo with a trusted care-giver Question 16 options: Problem solving Self discovery Symbolic thought Object permanence Question 17 (1 point) What is the focus of neonatal resuscitation? Question 17 options:
Ventilation Medication administration Defibrillation Chest compression Question 18 (1 point) What is the developmental age of a child able to jump with both feet, draws vertical lines and say 2-word phrases Question 18 options: 1 year and 6 months 3 years 1 year 2 years Question 19 (1 point) Hormone associated with milk ejection Question 19 options: Progesterone Oxytocin Prolactin LDH Question 20 (1 point) The following are the most crucial developments occurring the neonatal period, EXCEPT
High IgA content Unfisting of hands is expected at: 2-3 months Which of the following is NOT an external sign of proper attachment? Presence of "sucking" sound Is bed-wetting normal up until age for girls and boys? 4 and 5 years, respectively Handedness is established at what age? 2 years Developmental theory observed when an infant plays peek-a-boo with a trusted caregiver? Object permanence What is the focus of neonatal resuscitation? Ventilation What is the developmental age of a child able to jump with both feet, draw vertical lines and say 2-word phrases? 2 years Hormone associated with milk ejection? Oxytocin The following are the most crucial developments occurring in the neonatal period, EXCEPT: Presence of social cues (crying)
