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PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2024-2025, Exams of Banking Law and Practice

University of Arizona (UA)Banking Law and Practice

A collection of questions and correct answers related to the pediatric advanced life support (pals) exam for the 2024-2025 academic year. It covers a wide range of topics in pediatric emergency care, including assessment of a child's appearance, recognition of arrhythmias, medication administration, management of respiratory distress and failure, shock, cardiac arrest, and post-cardiac arrest care. The questions and answers provide a comprehensive review of the knowledge and skills required for healthcare providers to effectively manage critically ill or injured children. This document could be a valuable resource for students preparing for the pals exam, as well as healthcare professionals seeking to refresh their understanding of pediatric emergency care principles and best practices.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 10/23/2024

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PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2024-2025
questions with verified answers
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic,
lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery? -
correct answer -Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT).
During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? - correct
answer -Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform.
The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? -
correct answer -Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? - correct
answer -Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate
and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? -
correct answer -Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress.
The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention
is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - correct answer -Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The
child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the
child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care,
preparing to administer which agent first? - correct answer -Epinephrine
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PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2024-

questions with verified answers

Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery? - correct answer -Lactate A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT). During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? - correct answer -Appearance A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? - correct answer -Supraventricular tachycardia A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? - correct answer -Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape. A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? - correct answer -Respiratory failure A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - correct answer -Airway clearance An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer which agent first? - correct answer -Epinephrine

A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed? - correct answer -Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame? - correct answer -At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10 A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider administer? - correct answer -1. Racemic epinephrine

  1. Corticosteroids A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - correct answer -1. Bradycardia
  2. Diminished central pulses
  3. Hypotension A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate? - correct answer -1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
  4. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer? - correct answer -Vagal maneuvers A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
  • correct answer -Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds. The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? - correct answer -Torsades de pointes

systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on which finding(s)? - correct answer -1. Fever

  1. Hyperglycemia
  2. Hypotension Assessment of a 3-month-old infant admitted with respiratory distress reveals fever, grunting and a wet, "junky" cough. The infant's parents said the child had a recent respiratory infection with a fever. A rapid respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) test is positive. Which condition would the provider most likely suspect as the cause? - correct answer -Bronchiolitis Following a cardiac arrest, a child is experiencing post-cardiac arrest hemodynamic instability. The PALS resuscitation team would administer which element to restore intravascular volume and optimize preload? - correct answer -Isotonic fluid boluses A child in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform and does not have a palpable central pulse. The resuscitation team interprets this as which arrhythmia? - correct answer - Monomorphic pulseless ventricular tachycardia Which action would the PALS resuscitation team initiate to minimize increased intracranial pressure after cardiac arrest? - correct answer -Maintain the head in midline position with 30-degree elevation. A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatric urgent care clinic by the parent who says that the child has had a barking cough for two days. During the rapid assessment of the child, the provider hears audible inspiratory stridor. Which diagnosis would the provider most likely suspect? - correct answer -Croup An advanced airway was placed in a 5-year-old child. Which action(s) would be most appropriate for the team to take to confirm correct placement? - correct answer -1. Auscultate over the lungs and epigastrium for air movement.
  3. Observe for bilateral chest rise.
  4. Evaluate results of capnography. A child experiencing unstable bradycardia is receiving CPR. Despite efforts with CPR, the child's status remains unchanged. Which medication would the emergency response team expect to administer next?
  • correct answer -Epinephrine

The PALS team is providing post-cardiac arrest care to an 8-year-old child in the pediatric intensive care unit. Which intervention would the team implement to achieve the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care? - correct answer -Ensure adequate mean arterial pressure. The PALS resuscitation team is providing care to an intubated child in cardiac arrest. Which result best determines the adequacy of the team's chest compressions? - correct answer -End-tidal carbon dioxide level between 15 and 20 mmHg A child requires cardiac monitoring. A three-electrode system is being used. At which location would the provider place the red electrode? - correct answer -On the lower left abdomen A 12-year-old is being treated in the urgent care clinic. The mother reports that the child came home from school yesterday with a high fever, vomiting and multiple episodes of watery diarrhea. The healthcare provider obtains a rhythm strip and notes the following waveform. The provider interprets this as which type of arrhythmia? - correct answer -Sinus tachycardia A 7-year-old child collapses on the playground at school. The school nurse is called to the scene and determines that the child is unresponsive and is not breathing and has no pulse. The nurse initiates CPR. At what rate and depth would the nurse deliver compressions to this child? - correct answer -100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of about 2 inches The emergency response team is providing care to a preschooler who is experiencing shock. Which therapeutic goal, common to all types of shock, does the team work to achieve? - correct answer - Restore balance between oxygen delivery and demand. A 2-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents. The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-quality CPR? - correct answer -1. Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression

  1. Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
  2. Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
  3. Compressing the chest about 2 inches

suspects that the child may be experiencing shock. Which type of shock would the provider most likely suspect? - correct answer -Hypovolemic A provider is caring for a 4-year-old child in the urgent care clinic. Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathing and an oxygen saturation of 91%. The provider administers oxygen by nasal cannula with the goal of improving the child's oxygen saturation to at least what percentage? - correct answer -94% A 4-year-old child suddenly collapses in the playroom of the facility. A healthcare provider observes the event and hurries over to assess the child. The healthcare provider completes which assessment first? - correct answer -Rapid assessment A 9-year-old child is brought to the emergency department because the child suddenly collapsed at school. The child's ECG reveals the following waveform, and primary assessment findings indicate that the child is hemodynamically unstable. Which primary assessment findings indicate this? - correct answer -1. Decreased level of consciousness

  1. Mottling
  2. Hypotension
  3. Difficulty breathing A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in respiratory distress. The provider documents increased work of breathing when which findings are observed? - correct answer -1. Sternal retractions
  4. Nasal flaring
  5. Accessory muscle use