Download PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2021 Updated 2025/26 Graded A and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2021 Updated
2025/26 Graded A
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to
determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery? - Correct answer Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT). During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic
TICLS to assess the patient? - Correct answer Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating
which type of arrhythmia? - Correct answer Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for
the team to take? - Correct answer Estimate weight using a length-based
resuscitation tape. A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as
indicating which condition? - Correct answer Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for
this patient? - Correct answer Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer
which agent first? - Correct answer Epinephrine
A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the
electrodes on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed? - Correct
answer Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then
simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to
which time frame? - Correct answer At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s)
would the provider administer? - Correct answer 1. Racemic epinephrine
- Corticosteroids A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent
cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - Correct answer 1.
Bradycardia
- Diminished central pulses
- Hypotension A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac
arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate? - Correct answer 1.
Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
- Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive
treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer? - Correct
answer Vagal maneuvers
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action
would the provider initiate first? - Correct answer Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every
3 to 5 seconds. The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? -
Correct answer Torsades de pointes
A child who is stable and exhibiting a wide-complex tachycardia is to receive adenosine. The provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication? -
Correct answer Transient asystole
The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s)
would the team leader most likely address during the session? - Correct
answer 1. Identification of ways to improve
- Discussion of the pros and cons of the interventions
- Summary of the event, including what actions were taken
- Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event
Following a cardiac arrest, a child is experiencing post-cardiac arrest hemodynamic instability. The PALS resuscitation team would administer which element to restore
intravascular volume and optimize preload? - Correct answer Isotonic fluid
boluses A child in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform and does not have a palpable central pulse. The resuscitation team interprets this as which
arrhythmia? - Correct answer Monomorphic pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Which action would the PALS resuscitation team initiate to minimize increased
intracranial pressure after cardiac arrest? - Correct answer Maintain the head in
midline position with 30-degree elevation. A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatric urgent care clinic by the parent who says that the child has had a barking cough for two days. During the rapid assessment of the child, the provider hears audible inspiratory stridor. Which diagnosis would the provider
most likely suspect? - Correct answer Croup
An advanced airway was placed in a 5-year-old child. Which action(s) would be most
appropriate for the team to take to confirm correct placement? - Correct answer 1.
Auscultate over the lungs and epigastrium for air movement.
- Observe for bilateral chest rise.
- Evaluate results of capnography. A child experiencing unstable bradycardia is receiving CPR. Despite efforts with CPR, the child's status remains unchanged. Which medication would the emergency
response team expect to administer next? - Correct answer Epinephrine
The PALS team is providing post-cardiac arrest care to an 8-year-old child in the pediatric intensive care unit. Which intervention would the team implement to achieve
the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care? - Correct answer Ensure adequate
mean arterial pressure. The PALS resuscitation team is providing care to an intubated child in cardiac arrest. Which result best determines the adequacy of the team's chest compressions? -
Correct answer End-tidal carbon dioxide level between 15 and 20 mmHg
A child requires cardiac monitoring. A three-electrode system is being used. At which
location would the provider place the red electrode? - Correct answer On the
lower left abdomen A 12-year-old is being treated in the urgent care clinic. The mother reports that the child came home from school yesterday with a high fever, vomiting and multiple episodes of
watery diarrhea. The healthcare provider obtains a rhythm strip and notes the following
waveform. The provider interprets this as which type of arrhythmia? - Correct
answer Sinus tachycardia
A 7-year-old child collapses on the playground at school. The school nurse is called to the scene and determines that the child is unresponsive and is not breathing and has no pulse. The nurse initiates CPR. At what rate and depth would the nurse deliver
compressions to this child? - Correct answer 100 to 120 compressions per minute
at a depth of about 2 inches The emergency response team is providing care to a preschooler who is experiencing shock. Which therapeutic goal, common to all types of shock, does the team work to
achieve? - Correct answer Restore balance between oxygen delivery and
demand. A 2-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents. The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-quality
CPR? - Correct answer 1. Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression
- Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
- Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
- Compressing the chest about 2 inches A 6-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department after a bicycle accident. Assessment reveals tracheal deviation to the left side, chest pain on inspiration and decreased breath sounds on the right side. The provider suspects obstructive shock
caused by what condition? - Correct answer Tension pneumothorax
An unresponsive 7-year-old child with no pulse is brought to the pediatric urgent care center by his parents and CPR is initiated. The cardiac monitor reveals ventricular
fibrillation. Which action would the PALS team take first? - Correct answer Initiate
defibrillation with 2 J/kg. Primary assessment of a 10-year-old child reveals septic shock. As part of the secondary assessment, laboratory testing is completed to evaluate the child's status.
Which finding(s) would support the diagnosis? - Correct answer 1. Prolonged
prothrombin time (PT)
- Elevated lactate level
- Elevated creatinine level A child in the pediatric step-down unit is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress. When assessing this child, which finding would be considered a late sign for this condition? -
Correct answer Cyanosis
- Nasal flaring
- Accessory muscle use
