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NURSING ARTS MODULE 2 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

NURSING ARTS MODULE 2 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/02/2025

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NURSING ARTS MODULE 2
Define nursing theory and discuss how it informs nursing practice - Answer--provide nurses with a
perspective to view client situations, organize data, and analyzing and interpreting information to create
informed nursing practice
-organizes knowledge about nursing to enable nurses to use it in a professional and accountable manner
-purposeful set of assumptions that identify the relationships between concepts
-provide a systematic view for explaining phenomena
The major components of nursing theory,
sometimes called the metaparadigm concepts - Answer-person
environment
health
nursing
Explore the purpose of a conceptual framework - Answer--theoretical structure that links concepts
together for a specific purpose
-can also be described as a theoretical model
-link major nursing concepts and phenomena to direct nursing decisions (e.g., what to assess, how to
make sense of data, what to plan, how to enact a plan, and how to evaluate whether the plan has had
the intended outcome)
-Conceptual frameworks are also often referred to as nursing models or nursing theories
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NURSING ARTS MODULE 2

Define nursing theory and discuss how it informs nursing practice - Answer--provide nurses with a perspective to view client situations, organize data, and analyzing and interpreting information to create informed nursing practice -organizes knowledge about nursing to enable nurses to use it in a professional and accountable manner -purposeful set of assumptions that identify the relationships between concepts -provide a systematic view for explaining phenomena The major components of nursing theory, sometimes called the metaparadigm concepts - Answer-person environment health nursing Explore the purpose of a conceptual framework - Answer--theoretical structure that links concepts together for a specific purpose -can also be described as a theoretical model -link major nursing concepts and phenomena to direct nursing decisions (e.g., what to assess, how to make sense of data, what to plan, how to enact a plan, and how to evaluate whether the plan has had the intended outcome) -Conceptual frameworks are also often referred to as nursing models or nursing theories

Contributions of nursing theorists to Needs theories - Answer-• patient represents a collection of needs

  • Maslow Hierarchy of Needs 1954
  • Human behavior described as a response to competing demands of various basic needs contributions of nursing theorists to Interactionist theories - Answer-HILDEGARD PEPLAU: Depicts the practice of Nursing as interactive and therapeutic relationships -Developed insights into individual behavior, helping to recognize and change patterns -Directed toward preventing illness and maintaining health JOYCE TRAVELBEE: Interpersonal process -Client includes the family & community -cope with the experience of illness and suffering and find meaning in it -Communication between the Nurse and patient: an important vehicle to find meaning EVELYN ADAM: Supporting the patient's strengths, knowledge and will -drew from Henderson's Basic Needs Theory -views Nursing as a helping profession -empathy, caring and mutual respect Compare the different contributions of nursing theorists to Systems theories - Answer-DOROTHY JOHNSON: Individual is a behavioral system with 7 subsystems, each with a goal, set of behaviors and a choice -goals and behaviors are highly unique -Patient centered approach -Achieving goals was individual and unique UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA MODEL -Inspired by Johnson's model

-Nurses help clients reach maximum health potential in context of constant change and develop homeodynamic unity within diversity ROSEMARIE PARSE: "man-living-health" or "human becoming' theory -Individual is a freely choosing human being and indivisible, unpredictable and ever changing -Nurses support individual in their "becoming" process -Constant process of making choices & changing health priorities -Nurses engage through: explicating, dwelling with & moving beyond JEAN WATSON: Individual is a totality, viewed as the transpersonal self -Unity of mind, body & spirit -Person-nature-universe as oneness connected -Nurse must attend to primary function of caring -Caring infuses all aspects of a Nurses role and facilitates healing & growth Discuss how the different nursing theories view the interaction between the individual, the nurse and the environment - Answer--Nursing theorists based their conceptual frameworks on various ways of thinking about human behaviour and experience -Some framed their ideas within theories of human behaviour, such as needs, interaction, or systems, and others drew their primary inspiration from what they observed in excellent nursing practice Major Theoretical Models - Answer-Practice-based theories Needs theories Interactionist theories Systems theories Simultaneity theories

Practice-based theories definition - Answer-Reflect issues shaping the role and context of nursing during specific times Needs Theories definition - Answer--patient represents a collection of needs

  • Maslow Hierarchy of Needs 1954
  • Human behavior best described as response to competing demands of various basic needs Interaction Theory definition - Answer--Relationship between the Nurse and their clients -drew from the work of psychologists and psychoanalysts ex: Freud, Maslow and Harry Stack Sullivan Systems Theory definition - Answer--Accounts for the whole entity and it's component parts and interactions between the parts and the whole -Individual is an open system in constant interaction with the environment -Intervention in any part of the system produces consequent reaction in other parts Simultaneity Theories definition - Answer--Fundamentally distinct from theories -Individual as an entirely irreducible whole connected with the universal environment Explain the eleven determinants of health and their relationship to both health and health inequality - Answer--Income and social status (Income and its distribution) •Social support networks
  • Education and literacy
  • Employment and working conditions (Unemployment, employment security, Risks and hazards inherent in the type of work done)
  • Physical environments (Geography, housing, food security)
  • Biological and genetic endowment -Individual health practices and coping skills
  • World views or PARADIGMS - to help grasp concepts in nursing
  • Complexity Science - Chaos Theory
  • Rejecting simple cause/effect theories
  • Everything reduces to its simplest properties to prevent interpretations from prior assumptions
  • WAYS OF KNOWING - Carper (1978) - aesthetics, personal knowing, sociocultural understanding and ethics (+science) Nursing Process - Answer-Originally: assessment, planning, intervention, evaluation Assessment phase of nursing process - Answer--biological, sociocultural, environmental, spiritual, and psychological data -creates an understanding of the patient's unique health or illness experience -enables nurses to interpret major issues and concerns and produce a nursing diagnosis: the nurse's perspective on the appropriate focus for the patient Planning phase of nursing process - Answer--prioritize the issues raised during assessment in relation to the nursing diagnoses -identify which issues could be assisted by nursing intervention -create a plan of care Intervention phase of nursing process - Answer-plan of care is carried out Evaluation phase of nursing process - Answer--determined whether the intended outcomes had been achieved or require revision

-thoughtful interpretation always preceded action, and the effects of action were always evaluated in relation to the original situation Nursing diagnosis - Answer--clinical judgment concerning human response to health conditions/life processes by an individual, family, group, or community •provides the basis for nursing interventions to achieve outcomes that the nurse is accountable for •data obtained during the nursing assessment enables nurse to develop the care plan nursing theory definition - Answer--Guide professional, accountable and defensible nursing practice -a method of analyzing and interpreting information to render nursing practice coherent and informed -Knowledge about nursing organized for nurses to use in a professional and accountable manner -A perspective for viewing clients' situations -a way to organize data contributions of theorists to Practice-based theories - Answer-FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE: -Set of Principles for Nursing practice: -Clean living area -Fresh Air -Light -Warmth, comfort & Nutrition -patient's environment needs to be conducive to healing THE MCGILL MODEL: Developed by Moyra Allen & Colleagues -studied actual Nursing situations -Focus on promoting health -Lifestyle changes