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Nurse Leadership Practice Questions Exam 1
And Answers
- What statement is true regarding decision making? A) It is an analysis of a situation B) It is closely related to evaluation C) It involves choosing between courses of action D) It is dependent upon finding the cause of a problem - answer Ans: C Feedback: Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Problem solving is part of decision making and is a systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation. Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a broader scope than decision making and problem solving.
- Which represents the management functions that are incorporated into the management process? A) Planning, directing, organizing, staffing, and evaluating B) Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling C) Organizing, planning, staffing, directing, and evaluating D) Organizing, staffing, planning, implementing, and controlling - answer Ans: B Feedback: Management functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. These are incorporated into what is known as the management process. What is the advantage of recruiting from outside the organization? A. Promotes long-term retention of employees B. Tends to increase the number of candidates
C. Provides well-motivated candidates D. Attracts well-qualified candidates - answer Ans: B Feedback: recruiting from outside the organization provides an opportunity to increase the pool of candidates for positions but is no guarantee that these canddidates will be more qualified or motivated than those who come from within the organization. Which information is too much in flux to identify on an organizational chart? A) Grapevine lines of communication B) Line and staff authority C) Span of control D) Scalar chains - answer Ans: A Feedback: The grapevine lines of communication cannot be placed on an organizational chart because they are constantly in flux. The remaining information is stable and so identified on the chart. Which statement best describes mentorship? A) The intensity and duration of relationships are similar in mentorship and preceptorship B) Staff cannot be assigned to become mentors. It is a role voluntarily chosen by the mentor C) "Mentees" must be willing to put aside their personal goals and beliefs in an effort to identify more closely with their mentor D) Most nurses will have the opportunity for many mentor relationships during their careers - answer Ans: B Feedback: The mentor makes a conscious decision to assist the protEgE in career development, with the relationship usually lasting several years. The remaining statements are not accurate regarding mentorships.
B) Worker satisfaction was integral to productivity C) Organization charts could depict the hierarchy of authority D) Impersonality of interpersonal relationships should exist in organizations - answer Ans: B Feedback: Max Webers theories did not address worker satisfaction. The other options do represent the Weber organizational theory. When does communication have the greatest likelihood of being accurately interpreted? A) More than one mode is used B) Face-to-face communication is used C) Written communication is used D) The sender repeats the message using the same mode - answer Ans: A Feedback: Using various communication methods in combination increases the likelihood that everyone in the organization who needs to hear the message actually will hear it. The other options are single methods. What did motivational theorist Victor Vroom state? A) Personal motivators could be separated from job satisfiers B) People are motivated by three basic needs: achievement, affiliation, and power C) A manager's assumptions about workers directly affect the intrinsic motivation of the workers D) Employees' expectations about their work environment or a certain event will affect their behavior - answer Ans: D Feedback: This theory is called Vroom's expectancy model. What would be the most helpful intervention to take to help a new RN adjust to the professional nursing role?
A) Advise the new RN to avoid confrontations with doctors whenever possible B) Advise the new RN that this is the real world not the textbook one C) Be alert to signs and symptoms of the shock phase of role transition D) Be alert to signs that the new RN has not shed nursing school values - answer Ans: C Feedback: Managers should be alert to signs and symptoms of the shock phase of role transition. Managers should also ensure that some of the new nurses values are supported and encouraged so that work and academic values can blend. The remaining options do not address the needs of the new RN appropriately. A new graduate who began their nursing career 6 months ago and who completed orientation 3 months ago is in what stage of professional development? A) Experimentation B) Entry C) Mastery D) Disengagement - answer Ans: B Feedback: the nurse is still in the entry stage and will be until necessary skills are learned. It generally takes an extended period of time to obtain the skills necessary for mastery. The remaining options are not relevant to this question. 2.) What does traditional management science focuses upon? A) Meeting worker satisfaction B) Delineating barriers to productivity C) Using a laissez-faire approach D) Encouraging employee participation - answer Ans: B
- Which of the following statements is true regarding decision making? A) Scientific methods provide identical decisions by different individuals for the same problems B) Decisions are greatly influenced by each person's value system C) Personal beliefs can be adjusted for when the scientific approach to problem solving is used D) Past experience has little to do with the quality of the decision - answer Ans: B Feedback: Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence a person's decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, value judgments will always play a part in a person's decision making, either consciously or subconsciously.
- Which time waster does the manager have least control over? A. Failure to set objectives B. Inability to say no C. Procrastination D. Paperwork overload - answer ANS: D Feedback: Excessive paperwork is an external time waster, the others are time wasters created by the manager (internal).
- What assumption about workers does Theory X hold? A) Workers will naturally put forth effort
B) Workers need threats to be motivated C) Workers are diligent and responsible D) Workers are in tune with organizational needs - answer Ans: B Feedback: Theory X managers believe that their employees are basically lazy, need constant supervision and direction, and are indifferent to organizational needs. Which reason qualifies as organizational justification for a career development program? A) Employee attrition can be reduced B) Personnel can be used more effectively C) Employees can increase earning power D) Employment benefits are increased - answer Ans: C, D Feedback: organizational justification for career develoment programs includes attrition reduction, improved productivity, and general improved quality of life. Although employees may earn more money and additonal benefits as a result of career development, they are not the reason that organizations undertake career development programs. Which statement concerning organizational culture is true? A) It presents how employees "perceive" an organization B) It defines how power is used by organizations to direct the work of others C) It describes the predictable stages of group and organizational development D) It is a system of symbols, beliefs, values, history, and communication patterns - answer Ans: D Feedback: Organizational culture is the symbols and beliefs, values, history, and communication
message D) It is a significant part of the communication exchange only when it is not congruent with the verbal exchange - answer Ans: B Feedback: Because nonverbal communication indicates the emotional component of the message, it is generally considered more reliable than verbal communication. None of the remaining options present true statements regarding nonverbal communication. You overhear an experienced nurses say to a new nurse, iSorry you wont be able to join us for our weekly get-together at the local yogurt shop. I see you are going to be here charting for a while yet.i What is this an example of? A) Behavior that supports positive sanctions B) An application of a sanction regarding group norms C) Constructive feedback about expected group norms D) Role modeling desired behavior - answer Ans: B Feedback: Negative sanctions provide cues that enable people to evaluate their performance and modify behavior when needed. In this case, the experienced nurse is letting the new nurse know that the groups weekly outing is important, and on that day the staff makes sure they finish their work on time. It may also suggest that detailed charting is not valued. An RN is a team leader for a small module of patients. While listening to a taperecorded report on Mr. Smith, one of your team members remarks, "My mother lives near him and she says his wife is a terrible housekeeper." As the leader of the team, what will the RN do? A) Ask the informant to be quiet B) Include the information in report for the next shift C) Ask the team member what the purpose was in sharing the information D) Ignore the comment - answer Ans: C Feedback: The role of the leader is to encourage communication that is appropriate and
discourage communication that is inappropriate among staff. The other options fail to convey that responsibility Which statement most accurately defines intrinsic motivation? A) Motivation that is directly related to a person's internal level of aspiration B) Motivation that is enhanced by the job's environmental conditions C) Motivation that is not shaped by personal values D) Motivation that is not related to achievement - answer Ans: A Feedback: Intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual. To be intrinsically motivated at work, the worker must value job performance and productivity. The other options are not as relevant to this factor.
- What does the good manager have to remember about creating a daily list? A. It should remain changed once initial planning is completed B. It is a planning tool, and thus must have flexibility in its implementation C. It should include all the planner's short-term, intermediate, and long-term goals D. It should be highly structured, thus decreasing the possibility of procrastination - answer ANS: B Feedback: the daily list should be flexible, changeable, leave some time for the unexpected, and includ appropriate short-term goals. Which statement is true regarding depiction of staff positions on an organizational chart? A) They are depicted as unbroken lines B) They are represented by double dotted lines C) They are shown as a solid, vertical line D) They are identified with a dotted line. - answer Ans: D
Which statment is true regarding career planning? A. It is the employer's responsibility B. It results in the spontaneous assessment of goals C. It requires the development of a long-term plan D. Functions best when the planning is episodic in nature - answer Ans: C Feedback: Effective career planning requires long-term planning; it is the responsibility of the indivdual and requires constant attention to function properly. What does the term unity of command mean? A) The number of individuals directly reporting to a manager B) Having a limited number of top-level managers C) Each employee having only one boss D) A flexible structure that encourages participative decision making - answer Ans: C Feedback: Unity of command means one immediate boss per employee. None of the other options correctly describes the term unity of command. According to McClelland, what does achievement motivation focus on? A) The extrinsic rewards to be acquired B) A need to nurture others C) A need to have legitimate power over others D) The intrinsic need to be successful - answer Ans: D Feedback: McClelland stated that achievement-oriented people will focus on improving (succeeding) through action. None of the other options have that impact on motivation.
Which action would be the most likely to result in encouraging evidence-based practice? A) Stress the need to base practice on research findings during orientation of new graduates. B) Include a statement of the need for evidence-based practice in the philosophy. C) Reprimand nurses who do not use research during the annual evaluations. D) Provide a computer program to nurses for access to the latest nursing research. - answer Ans: D Feedback: Providing available research for the staff is the most concrete action an organization could take to encourage nurses to incorporate research in practice. None of the remaining options provides the staff with the tools to implement or encourage evidence- based practice. The hospital is facing low census and downsizing. However, the RNs have been assured that everyone on the unit will keep their jobs and downsizing will occur through normal attrition and voluntary absences without pay. Today, the evening charge nurse reported that last evening the staff was discussing various rumors about mass layoffs. What is the best approach to take? A) Tell an informal leader on the evening shift the truth and let the leader spread the news informally B) Hold a meeting for all staff members and tell them that the rumor is not true C) Ignore the rumor because it will soon pass D) Find out who started the rumor and correct the information - answer Ans: B Feedback: Nurse-leaders should intervene appropriately when communication problems (in this case, rumors) arise. The remaining options fail to fulfill that responsibility as effectively as the correct option does.
B. Scheduled appointments C. Informal, impromptu meetings D. Maintaining strict professional boundaries - answer Ans: B Feedback: Appointments will discourage unproductive socialization since time will be allotted and a schedule maintained. Open-door policies and impromptu meetins encourage socialization while strict professional boundaries may actually interfere with communication.
- What does knowledge about good decision making lead one to believe? A) Good decision makers are usually right-brain, intuitive thinkers B) Effective decision makers are sensitive to the situation and to others C) Good decisions are usually made by left-brain, logical thinkers D) Good decision making requires analytical rather than creative processes - answer Ans: B Feedback: Good decision makers seem to have antennae that make them particularly sensitive to other people and situations. Left-brain thinkers are typically better at processing language, logic, numbers, and sequential ordering, whereas right-brain thinkers excel at nonverbal ideation and holistic synthesizing.
- What is the best definition of decision making? A) The planning process of management B) The evaluation phase of the executive role C) One step in the problem-solving process D) Required to justify the need for scarce items - answer Ans: C
Feedback: Decision making is a complex, cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Decision making, one step in the problem-solving process, is an important task that relies heavily on critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills.
- Which plan is an effective way of handling a large task? A. Plan to finish the task with few breaks B. Delegate portions of the task to qualified staff C. Break the task into smaller, less intimidating units D. Delay beginning the task until it has your undivided attention - answer Ans: C Feedback: breaking down a task, or chunking, prevents the person from becoming overwhelemed by the size of the task. It may not be possible or adviasable to finish the task without breaks or delegating it to staff.
- What is the idea that workers should be hired, trained, and promoted based on their competence and abilities related to? A) Part of the management functions identified by Fayol B) The result of the human relations studies C) The outcome of studies done by Mayo at the Hawthorne Works D) One of the four overriding principles of scientific management - answer Ans: D Feedback: Frederick Taylor, the ifather of scientific management,i had the idea that workers should be hired, trained, and promoted based on their competence and abilities. This concept is not associated with any of the other options.
According to McGregor, what do Theory X assumptions hold? A) Putting forth effort is natural B) Workers are diligent, responsible, and helpful C) Workers are lazy, uncreative, and indifferent toward work D) Increased rewards will motivate workers - answer Ans: C Feedback: McGregor believed that how the manager views the employees will affect motivation and productivity. Theory Y managers thought workers were motivated, but Theory X managers thought they were lazy, uncreative, and indifferent. The remaining options are not addressed by these assumptions. Which behaviors would be associated with a group in the ìnormingî stage? A) Group members actively attempt to impress each other with their credentials B) Group members establish short- and long-term goals for the group to accomplish C) Group members achieve stated goals D) The group terminates and celebrates its accomplishments - answer Ans: B Feedback: In the norming stage, consensus evolves as group cohesion develops. This is the only option that describes a behavior associated with a group's norming stage. Which statement describes assertive communication? A) It makes you respect yourself and allows you to get what you want B) Although it is unfeminine, it is a necessary communication skill for female managers C) It involves rights and responsibilities for all parties in the communication D) Assertive communication will never offend anyone - answer Ans: C Feedback: Assertive communication allows people to express themselves in direct, honest, and appropriate ways that do not infringe on another's rights. The remaining statements do not correctly describe assertive communication.
Which intervention by the unit supervisor best assist the RN who has just been promoted to charge nurse to adjust to the new role? A) Take the RN out to lunch to congratulate the nurse on the promotion B) Encourage the RN to meet with staff peers in the organization C) Explain to the RN on the need for underling respect D) Inform the RN of the past performance of new employees - answer Ans: B Feedback: There should be a management group in the organization with which the new manager can consult. The new manager should be encouraged to use the group as a resource. The remaining options are limited in their importance in successfully adjusting to a management role. What is the implication in a hierarchy of needs? A) All needs have equal power in motivation B) Unsatisfied needs trigger behavior C) Lower level needs are less valued D) Some individuals have hereditary needs - answer Ans: B Feedback: Hierarchy of need implies that people are motivated to satisfy certain needs, ranging from basic survival to complex psychological needs, and people seek a higher need only when the lower needs have been predominantly met.
- Which statement about time management is true? A. Most people have an accurate perception of the time they spend on a particular task or the total amount of time they are productive during the day. B. nurses who are self-aware and have clearly identified personal goals and priorities have greater control over how they spend their time. C. Writing goals down is not necessary if the goals are limited to fewer than five in number.
