NR 222 Exam 2 Chamberlain Question and answers verified to pass, Exams of Nursing

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NR 222 Exam 2 Chamberlain

NR 222 Exam 2

Chamberlain

Nr 222 Nr 222

Madeleine Leininger involves knowing and understanding different cultures with respect to nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs and values with the goal to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to people according to their culture beliefs. Orems Theory - correct answer ✔✔patient should do what they can independently, we ASSIT and SUPPORT patient where they have trouble Health Promotion Model - correct answer ✔✔Extends the health belief model to include determinants of health promoting behaviour and includes self-efficacy theory Pender Transtheoretical Model - correct answer ✔✔six stages in the change process: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination Health Belief - correct answer ✔✔likelihood of engaging in health-promoting behavior -Suggests that an individual's decision to adopt healthy behaviors is based upon their perception of susceptibility to an illness (& severity of illness Basic Human Needs - correct answer ✔✔The fundamental needs of people for adequate food, shelter, health care, sanitation, and education. Meeting such needs may be thought of as both a moral imperative and a form of investment in "human capital" essential for economic growth. Holistic Health Model - correct answer ✔✔Attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health, and consider clients the ultimate expert on their own health. Self-Determination and Advance Directives - correct answer ✔✔The Patient Self-Determination Act guarantees that all competent adults have the right to complete an Advance Directive (living will) to state whether or not they want treatment, how they want to treat end-of-life choices, and who they want to make their decisions The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) - correct answer ✔✔- an attempt to ensure that people's rights were honored

• to improve communication related to end-of-life care issues

• to improve preferences among individuals, health care providers and proxies Advanced Directives - correct answer ✔✔- a way for people to ensure that the treatment and care matches their wishes when they become incapacitated Loved Ones - correct answer ✔✔potentially to relieve them the strain as they strive to make the "right" treatment choices for a friend or relative Healthcare Professionals - correct answer ✔✔will be guided in their decision making regarding the person in question Type of Advanced Derivative: Instructional - correct answer ✔✔written document; can be very specific or tailored to order or may be a form document that can be downloaded from the internet. Types: Living will Terminal Care document Type of Advanced Derivative: Health care proxy - correct answer ✔✔allows a competent person to designate a decision maker in the event of incapacity. Durable Power of Attorney Best advance directive: - correct answer ✔✔combination of proxy and written directions. Least advanced directive: - correct answer ✔✔living will Proxy Decision making - correct answer ✔✔must take into account what is known about the person

Complementary and Integrative Therapies - correct answer ✔✔Massage, yoga, reflexology Complementary therapy - correct answer ✔✔A patient with back pain says "my nurse practitioner told me acupuncture may enhance the effect of the medications and physical therapy prescribed." What type of therapy is being recommended? Integrative Therapy - correct answer ✔✔Any therapy that draws from more than one current of psychotherapeutic theory and technique. Relaxation Therapy - correct answer ✔✔a technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body Homeopathic Medicine - correct answer ✔✔remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substances to activate the body's own natural defenses Biofeedback - correct answer ✔✔a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle psychological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension Acupuncture - correct answer ✔✔a system of complementary medicine that involves pricking the skin or tissues with needles, used to alleviate pain and to treat various physical, mental, and emotional conditions. Originating in ancient China, acupuncture is now widely practiced in the West. manipulates life energy by stimulating precisely mapped points on skin surface Acupressure - correct answer ✔✔a massage that applies pressure to specific acupuncture-like points n the body; pressure enourages the flow of vital energy (qi) along the meridian pathways. It is used to control chronic pain, migraine headaches, and backaches. Healing touch - correct answer ✔✔- uses gentle touch directly on or close to body to bring back balance/ homeostasis

• needs to be certified to perform Therapeutic Touch - correct answer ✔✔- practitioner's hands lay on or close to a patient's body

• no need to be certified to perform/ integrated in learning Traditional Chinese Medicine - correct answer ✔✔Is a system of ancient Chinese medicinal treatments including acupuncture diet herbal theraphy meditation physical exercise and massage to prevent diagnose and treat disease Integrative Nursing Roles - correct answer ✔✔Awareness Skills Knowledge Encounters Desires Guided Imagery - correct answer ✔✔Is a type of treatment in which a patient follows verbal prompts to envision a specific peaceful location in detail distancing him- or herself from any pain or stress the patient is currently experiencing Nursing Accessible Therapies - correct answer ✔✔relaxation therapy, meditation and breathing, imagery Relaxation Therapy - correct answer ✔✔- is the state of generalized decreased cognitive, physiological, and/or behavioral arousal
• also involves arousal reduction.
• decreases activity of the brain Distributive justice - correct answer ✔✔concerns the nature of a socially just allocation of goods in a society. A society in which incidental inequalities in outcome do not arise would be considered a society guided by the principles of distributive justice Primary - correct answer ✔✔legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos) or to mandate safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets) education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. eating well, exercising regularly, not smoking) immunization against infectious diseases.

Matrix of Domination - correct answer ✔✔important to understand race, gender and other forms of identity as a larger system of power and privilege that permeates society Ethnicity vs Race - correct answer ✔✔People of the same race share genetically transmitted physical characteristics. People of the same ethnicity share cultural, linguistic, religious, and often racial characteristics. (So ethnicity is more specific than race. ex:race = black, white, asian; ex: ethnicity = hispanic, Japanese, etc) Leininger Transcultural Nursing - correct answer ✔✔comparitive study of cultures to understand their similarities and their differences Culturally Competent Care - correct answer ✔✔care that fits a persons life patterns, values and system of meanings learning patients schedule for taking their medications care delivered with an awareness of the aspects of the patient's culture Cultural Competency - correct answer ✔✔one of the major elements in eliminating health disparities; it starts with an honest desire to disregard personal biases and to treat every person with respect. enabling of health care providers to deliver services that are respectful of diversity Ability to understand, communicate, and interact effectively with people from different cultures. Four components: -Awareness of one's own cultural worldview -attitude towards cultural differences -knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews --cross-cultural skills Cultural Congruency - correct answer ✔✔the application of evidence based practice in respect to someones culture Cultural Awareness - correct answer ✔✔self examination of your background recognizes biases and prejudices 1st step of patient centered care

An in-depth self-examination of one's own background, recognizing biases, prejudices, and assumptions about other people Cultural Knowledge - correct answer ✔✔comparative knowledge of diverse groups world view how people perceive others The nurse who is scheduled to work in a clinic in a Hispanic neighborhood takes time to research Hispanic cultural norms to better provide culturally competent care to people at work. This behavior is an example of which of the following cultural components? 3 dimensions of Cultural Competency - correct answer ✔✔building relationship working outside the usual framework reinventing practice in action Emic View - correct answer ✔✔insider's view of nurse: not being aware of Korean culture about seaweed soup being the first meal after giving birth Etic View - correct answer ✔✔Outsider view Korean patient's view of American professional postpartum care: assumes that seaweed soup is available in the hospital Linguistic Competency - correct answer ✔✔ability of organization to communicate and convey information that is easily understood by diverse audience Teach back - correct answer ✔✔helps you confirm that you have explained what a patient needs to know ask open ended questions Cultural encounters - correct answer ✔✔direct interaction of the nurse to diverse population

3 components of healing systems - correct answer ✔✔Folk Healing Self Care Professional Care Systems Folk Healing - correct answer ✔✔mix of traditional healing practices and beliefs that involve herbal medicine, spirituality, manual therapies/exercises to diagnose and treat illness Self Care - correct answer ✔✔performing behaviors that promote health, prevent disease, and minimize reliance on the formal medical system. Professional Care Systems - correct answer ✔✔Systems for provision of health care, characterized by specialized education and knowledge, and responsibility for care and expectation of remuneration for services rendered by the health care provider emerging populations - correct answer ✔✔ethnic minorities and homeless Ethnic minorities, persons who are homeless, and those persons afflicted with HIV/AIDS. ethnicitiy - correct answer ✔✔- social group within the social system that claims to possess variable traits, e.g. geographic origin, religion, race, traditions, etc. A group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, physical and biologic characteristics ethnicity is a dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that allows people to identify or to be identified with groupings of people on the basis of presumed (and usually claimed) commonalities including language, history, nation or region of origin, customs, ways of being, religion, names, physical appearance, and/or genealogy or ancestry; can be a source of meaning, action, and identity; and confers a sense of belonging, pride, and motivation" race - correct answer ✔✔a dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that: sorts people into ethnic groups according to perceived physical and behavioral human characteristics; associates differential value, power, and privilege with these characteristics and establishes a social status ranking among the different groups is associated with power and indexes the history or ongoing imposition of one group's authority above another.

Values - correct answer ✔✔belief about the worth of something Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something). shape human behaviors and determine what individuals will do to maintain their health status, how they will care for themselves, and others who become ill, and where and from whom they will seek health care minority group - correct answer ✔✔A subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than do the members of a dominant or majority group. Religion - correct answer ✔✔belief in a divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshiped belief in a divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshipped as the creator(s) or ruler(s) of the universe. spirituality - correct answer ✔✔includes belief or system other than religion borne out of each persons unique life experience A person's system of beliefs and values, feelings of connectedness to self and others, and experience of finding meaning and purpose in life. Socialization - correct answer ✔✔the general process of acquiring culture as you grow up in a society and acquire the characteristics of that group Aculturation - correct answer ✔✔process of adapting to and acquiring another culture adopting new cultural traits while maintaining some of the former ones

The philosophical and theoretical foundation of Chinese medicine. A doctrine that states that humans are microcosms within the universe, and achieving harmony between the two is essential because the energies of both intertwine. Chi - correct answer ✔✔energy that flows through your body emerging population - correct answer ✔✔Ethnic minorities, persons who are homeless, and those persons afflicted with HIV/AIDS. imagery - correct answer ✔✔therapy where person relaxes and focuses attention on images chosen and presented active listening - correct answer ✔✔conscious, empathetic, non judgemental Providing the speaker with feedback that indicates the message is being received and is understood. Five interrelated components of culturally competent nurse ASKED Communication - correct answer ✔✔Awareness: being aware Skills: ability/access Knowledge: scientific facts Encounter: be there for patient Desire: commitment, motivation LEARN Communication - correct answer ✔✔Listen with empathy Explain your perceptions of the problem Acknowledge and discuss cultural similarities and differences Recommend treatment (involve patient) Negotiate agreement

RESPECT Communication - correct answer ✔✔Rapport (connect, their point of view, suspend judgment) Empathy (they came for help, legitimize their feelings) Support (help overcome barriers, be available) Partnership (flexibility, negotiate, work together) Explanations (check for understanding) Cultural Competence (respect, understand, be aware) Trust (earn trust) Steps to Cultural Competency/Roles R.E.S.P.E.C.T - correct answer ✔✔R ealize you MUST know and understand your heritage and your patient. E xamine the patient within the context of his or her cultural HEALTH and ILLNESS practices. S elect questions that are not complex; do not ask questions rapidly. P ace questions throughout the physical examination. E ncourage the patient to discuss the meanings of health and illness with you. C heck for the patient's understanding and acceptance of recommendations, and build on cultural HEALTH practices when indicated. T ouch the patient within the cultural boundaries of his or her heritage - manners are a vital component of the nurse-patient relationship. CLARA - correct answer ✔✔Calm down Listen to patient/ family perspective Affirm Respond Add (educate) Standard 8 - correct answer ✔✔culturally congruent practice

Bacc degree is 4 years Rec 5 - correct answer ✔✔double the number of nurses with a doctorate by 2020 5 times 4 is 20 Rec 6 - correct answer ✔✔ensure that nurses engage in lifelong learning Six=sex, lifelong marriage Rec 7 - correct answer ✔✔prepare and enable nurses to take lead change in advanced health seven: heaven take lead change of your life to go to heaven Rec 8 - correct answer ✔✔build an infrastructure for collection of healthcare data Date someone who creates infrastructures Date: Yang - correct answer ✔✔A force that is masculine, positive, light, warm. Yin - correct answer ✔✔A force that is feminine, negative, dark, cold. Which 2 medicines are biologically based therapys? - correct answer ✔✔Dietary Supplement Herbal What 2 touches are energy therapys - correct answer ✔✔Healing Theraputic

Which 2 therapies are manipulative in body based methods? - correct answer ✔✔Massage therapy Acupressure Which 5 works are mind body interventions? - correct answer ✔✔biofeedback breathwork guided imagery meditation music therapy tai chi what 2 therapies are movement therapys - correct answer ✔✔dance therapy pilates which 2 methods are whole medical systems - correct answer ✔✔homeopathic medicine native american traditional healing which 3 works are training specific therapies - correct answer ✔✔biofeedback accupuncture theraputic touch Family Systems Theory - correct answer ✔✔a theory that views the family as a system of interacting parts whose interactions exhibit consistent patterns and unstated rules Bowen's Family Systems Theory - correct answer ✔✔emotional system exists within a family and this system influences the degree of separateness and togetherness, major goal is to develop differentiation or independence among family members Duvall and Miller Theory of family development tasks - correct answer ✔✔based on Erikson's theory of psychosocial development