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NHA EKG CET STUDY GUIDE
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS VERIFIED
BY EXPERTS LATEST VERSION
"How should electrodes be explained to a pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Stickers" "How should a patient be prepared for a scheduled 12- lead EKG? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Use an alcohol pad to cleanse the electrode placement sites" "Why should a patient wear loose-fitting clothes while waring a Holter monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER=> To reduce artifacts on the tracing" "What action should be taken when performing an EKG for a patient that doesn't speak the same language as the technician? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Having a bilingual staff member translate" "What wave represents atrial depolarization? - CORRECT ANSWER=> P wave" "What wave represents ventricular repolarization? - CORRECT ANSWER=> T wave" "What complex is the result of ventricular depolarization? - CORRECT ANSWER=> QRS complex" "Where is the lead MCL2 located? - CORRECT ANSWER=> fourth intercoastal space to the left of the patient's sternum" "What lead groups represent Einthoven's Triangle? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Leads I, II, and III"
"What is the most effective technician for an EKG tech. to use to verify that a patient understands the Holter monitor instructions? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Have the patient repeat the instructions back" "What sections of the EKG tracing should be used to measure the QRS complex? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Beginning of the Q wave to the end of the S wave" "What pulse rate is in the expected reference range for a 2-year-old patient? - CORRECT ANSWER=> 120/min" "An EKG technician observes varying R-R intervals on a EKG for a 2-year-old patient. What is correct? - CORRECT ANSWER=> "The irregularity is normal and is a result of respiration." ( irregular R-R intervals are commonly seen on pediatric EKGs)" "When performing an EKG on an infant, where should the technician place the electrode for lead V3R? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Between V2 and V4 on the right side of the chest" "What should be performed for a patient immediately before an exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Measure blood pressure and obtain an EKG while the patient is supine, siting and standing up" "What should the technician do when they notice the patient's heart rhythm shows a depressed ST segment during an exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Discontinue the test" "What symptom should the technician immediately report to the provider? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Headache" "What action by the EKG technician demonstrates compliance with HIPAA regulations? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Th technician uses a privacy screen, on the computer to prevent others from viewing the monitor" "What factor can produce an artifact that appears as uniform, small spikes on a EKG tracing? - CORRECT ANSWER=> improper grounding (AC interference artifact)" "What describes a complete cardiac cycle in a healthy heart? - CORRECT ANSWER=> P wave, QRS complex, and T waves"
"What finding is consistent with bradycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Cold, clammy skin" "The expected reference range for body temperature of an adult patient is_______ - CORRECT ANSWER=> 36.5 C to 37.2 C (97.7-99.0F)" "What is the difference between an accelerated idioventricular rhythm and a junctional rhythm? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Accelerated idioventricular rhythm has wide QRS complexes" "What does a patient experiencing a variation in respirations that correlates with the EKG tracing indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Sinus dysrhythmia" "When performing a posterior 12-lead EKG, which lead should the technician place along the paraspinous border? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lead V9" "What limb is used to create leads I, II, and AVR? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Right arm" "What will help reduce artifacts on Holter monitor tracing during placement? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Use stress loops on the electrodes to reduce tension on the leads" "When the EKG technician is obtaining a pulse from a patient, what term should the technician use to document the rhythm of the pulse? - CORRECT ANSWER=> irregular" "What actions should the EKG technician take immediately after attaching the telemetry lead wires to the electrodes? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Check the wire colors and identifications to ensure attachment to the correct electrodes" "Where do you apply a transtelephonic event monitor using a heart card? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Apply the card over the middle to lower part of the sternum" "Where should the EKG technician place the electrodes for leads V7, V8, and V9? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Evenly spaced on the back between the axillary line and the vertebral column at the 5th ICS" "Elevated ST segments in multiple leads indicates____ - CORRECT ANSWER=> Signs of acute myocardial injury"
"Where is apical pulse measured? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Between the fifth and sixth ribs, at the left midclavicular line" "Where should the right leg electrode be placed when the patient has below-the-knee amputation of the left leg? - CORRECT ANSWER=> on the lower right abdomen" "If you have problems obtaining an accurate respiratory rate for a patient, what action should be taken? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Place a hand on the middle of the patient's back to count the respirations" "Why shouldn't resting tab electrodes be used for more than 2 consecutive EKG tracings? - CORRECT ANSWER=> The electrodes will not conduct accurately after two EKG tracings" "What type of heart block should the technician observe the patient for signs and symptoms of decreased cardiac output that could lead to cardiac arrest? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Third-degree AV block" "Which speed control should the EKG machine be set to for a patient with a heart rate 150/min?
- CORRECT ANSWER=> 50mm/second" "What is a cause for discontinuing a stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> ST segment elevation" "The electrical activity of septal wall is recorded by what leads? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Leads V and V2" "What is a common manifestation of symptom of myocardial infarction? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Cyanosis" "What actions should you take after noticing an accelerated idioventricular rhythm on the tracing? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Call for help and stay with patient" "An EKG technician is instructing a patient about the use of a transtelephonic monitor with loop memory. What instructions should the technician include? - CORRECT ANSWER=> "Press the record button on the device when you begin to feel dizzy or have chest pain."" "What is the maximum number of tracing that an EKG technician can obtain on the same patient using a single set of disposable electrodes? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Two"
"What rhythm is characterized by P waves or fibrillatory or flutter waves, narrow QRS complexes , and ventricular rate between 60-100/min? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Atrial rhythm" "AN EKG technician is preparing a 5-year-old child for a standard 12-lead-EKG. What actions should the technician take? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Allow the child to apply the electrodes on a doll before the procedure" "What is the electrode charge combination for the limb leads for a standard 12-lead EKG? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Right arm negative pole left arm positive pole left leg positive pole" "The R-R interval on a patient's tracing has five large boxes. What is the patient's heart rate? - CORRECT ANSWER=> 60/min (300/5=60)" "After using an AED on a patient, which instructions should be expected next? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Resume performing CPR on the patient" "What is a characteristic of the EKG tracing for a patient who has atrial fibrillation? - CORRECT ANSWER=> R-R interval is irregularly irregular" "When placing electrodes on the patient for telemetry, where should you place the ground electrode? - CORRECT ANSWER=> on the right lower leg" "A PR interval that spans four boxes on the EKG paper has a duration of_______ - CORRECT ANSWER=> 0.16 seconds (4x0.04=16)" "An electrical interference on the 12-lead EKG tracing is most likely a result of______ - CORRECT ANSWER=> Crossed lead wires" "The presence of what on an EKG tracing can indicate a previous myocardial infarction? - CORRECT ANSWER=> pathologic q waves" "What finding should the technician report to the provider when performing an exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Decreased heart rate"
"What signs are often present when a patient is experiencing ventricular tachycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Multiple premature ventricular contractions in a row" "How can you resolve a wandering baseline on a patient's EKG tracing? - CORRECT ANSWER=> relieve tension from lead wires" "What method should you use to calculate a patient's heart rate from the EKG tracing? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Divide 300 by the number of large boxes between two R waves" "What wave represents repolarization of Bundle of His and the Purkinje fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER=> U wave (usually seen in patient's who have electrolyte imbalances)" "The AV node serve what purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER=> transfer electrical impulses from the atria to the Bundle of His" "For a healthy adult patient, what describes the pattern of of the anticipated QRS complex in lead V4? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Biphasic (includes positive and negative amplitude pulls to and away from the baseline)" "What method can be used to calculate both regular and irregular rhythms? - CORRECT ANSWER=> 6-second method" "What method should an EKG technician use to store electrodes when not in use? - CORRECT ANSWER=> In the original foil-lined packaging" "An EKG technician is reviewing an EKG tracing and notes asystole. What action should the technician take first? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Check the patient" "While performing a standard 12-lead EKG technician notices that none of the leads are giving a reading. What limb should the technician check first when correcting this problem? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Right leg (all electrodes share this electrode)" "The SA node serve what purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER=> initiate electrical impulse in the heart" "What EKG function is used to control and regulate the height of EKG waveform on the tracing?
"How can resolve a wandering baseline on a patients EKG tracing? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Relieve tension from the lead wires" "What wave is used to determine the regularity of the ventricular rate? - CORRECT ANSWER=> R wave" "A pulse oximetry reading of 88% is called __________ - CORRECT ANSWER=> Hypoxemia (Low oxygen levels in blood. expected range for pulse oximetry is 95% or greater)" "A rhythm strip should be at least how many seconds long to accurately identify rate and rhythm? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Six seconds" "An EKG technician working at a central monitoring station notes that a patient has a rhythm of ventricular tachycardia. What should the technician do first? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Notify a licensed practitioner to re-evaluate the patient (Ventricular tachycardia is a decrease in the patient's cardiac output. Patient can become unresponsive)" "An EKG technician notes that the QRS complex is too tall to fit on the EKG paper. what should the technician do to resolve this issue? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Change the gain control to 5mm/mv" "An EKG technician is performing a standard 12 lead EKG for a patient who has a below the knee amputation of the left leg. How should the technician modify and document the lead placement for this patient? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Place the lower left extremity lead on the left groin" "What interval should be used to determine the regularity of ventricular depolarization? - CORRECT ANSWER=> R-R wave interval" "Where should you place the leads for a resting EKG tracing for a patient who is in a immobilized fetal position? - CORRECT ANSWER=> On the patients back" "What monitor can a patient wear for 30 days or longer and can record cardiac event info from before, during, and after an episode. - CORRECT ANSWER=> Loop-memory monitor" "Which artery is the best location to measure the heart rate for an adult patient following an exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Radial"
"A thin spike before the P wave indicates that a pacemaker has been implanted to pace what? - CORRECT ANSWER=> The atria" "An EKG technician observes st segment depression and t wave inversion in multiple leads. Which of the following should the technician suspect? - CORRECT ANSWER=> myocardial ischemia" "During an exercise test, an EKG technician notices that the patient appears to be hyperventilating. What should the technician do first? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Check the patient's respiratory rate" "What finding indicates that the patient is experiencing an adverse reaction during an exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Report of tingling sensations in the lower extremities (Tingling sensations can be caused by poor perfusion or lack of blood flow to the extremities)" "After completing a standard 12 lead EKG on a patient, what action should an EKG technician take next? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Check that the tracing is free from artifacts and then disconnect the patient from the machine" "What information is recorded by Lead I? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Electrical activity between the right arm and left arm" "What position is appropriate for a patient during a nuclear stress test while the camera is scanning? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Supine with the arms above the head" "An EKG technician is repair a patient for a cardiac monitoring and notices that the patient skin is diaphoretic. What should the technician do? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Prepare the site with anti- perspirant" "During an exercise stress test, a patient reports heaviness on his chest. What is this a manifestation of? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Myocardial infraction" “What action should the technician instruct the patient to take if any electrodes become loose during at-home use of an ambulatory monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Apply surgical tape to the electrodes to keep them in place"
"A patient has a prescription to wear a Holter monitor for 24 hrs. What statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of home care instructions? - CORRECT ANSWER=> "I should record spontaneous symptoms unrelated to an activity."" "After turning on the AED and attaching the AED to the patient, what should be done next? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Stand clear from the patient and allow the AED to analyze" "In a healthy adult patient, what is the expected shape and direction of the P wave in lead II? - CORRECT ANSWER=> rounded and upright" "What statement should an EKG technician include when preparing a patient for an upcoming exercise stress test? - CORRECT ANSWER=> "Refrain from caffeine, smoking, or alcohol for at least 3 hours prior to the test."" "What lead is created between the left arm and left leg? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lead III" "What speed setting should the technician use for a standard 12-lead EKG for a patient experiencing an accelerated junctional rhythm? - CORRECT ANSWER=> 25mm/second (a patient experiencing accelerated junctional rhythm has a heart rate of 60-100 min)" "An EKG technician is called to the emergency department to perform a standard 12-Lead EKG on a patient. When the technician arrives, the patient is attached to a 5-lead monitor. What action should the technician take? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Remove the electrodes for the 5-lead monitor before attaching the electrodes for the 12-lead EKG" "The sinus arrest is considered a medical emergency when the arrest reaches what duration? - CORRECT ANSWER=> 6 seconds" "What is the best method for an EKG technician to use when removing hair from electrode placement? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Clippers" "What electrode is placed to the right of the patients sternum at the fourth intercostal space? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lead V1" "What three leads are placed at the same horizontal level? - CORRECT ANSWER=> Leads V4, V5, and V6" "An interrupted baseline is most likely cased by______ - CORRECT ANSWER=> Lead corrosion"
