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ggPolitcs and Administration module
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This module will provide you core technical foundation in the field of public administration with emphasis on political goals of the nation including nation building, legitimacy and other issues of political development. Also, to understand the reciprocal influence of politics and administration and the role of bureaucracy to attain nation building. Lesson Outcomes: Critique the concept and function of politics
Assemble the jumbled words below and write your opinion or insights, (5 pts. each).
At the end of the discussion, the students will be able: The learners demonstrate an understanding of politics and political science, political ideologies, power, states, nations, and globalization. The learners can identify what are the difference between political science and public administration. The learners will be able to know the functions of politics in the Philippines and Know the forms of government in Philippine setting.
In this part of the module we will have start to explore the world of politics, government, political science and public administration. Read it carefully to fully understand. Politics is the way that people living in groups make decisions. Politics is about making agreements between people so that they can live together in groups such as tribes, cities, or countries. These people are called politicians. Politicians, and sometimes other people, may get together to form a government. The study of politics in universities is called political science, political studies, or public administration. Politics comprises all the activities of co-operation, negotiation and conflict within and between societies, whereby people go about organizing the use, production or distribution of human, natural and other resources in the course of the production and reproduction of their biological and social life Politics refers to the conflicts within organizations over issues of leadership, structures, and policies. This book focuses on such conflicts and struggles as they relate to governments. o Political participation can take many forms, including running for office, voting or joining a political party, contributing money to a political candidate or cause, lobbying, joining a group, writing a letter or otherwise communicating to others about politics, and many other activities. o Although politics involves many different activities, there are underlying patterns or “principles” that help us to categorize and understand politics better. Government is the term generally used to describe the formal political arrangements through which a land and its people are ruled; the term refers just as well to simple institutions like a tribal council as to more complex establishments known as “states.” Governments vary both in terms of the number of people included in government decision-making and the extent of the government’s authority. o Autocracies vest political authority in a single individual. o Oligarchies are governments controlled by a small group of people. o Democracies permit citizens to play a significant part in governmental decision-making. o Constitutional governments recognize and often codify broad limits on their authority.
Take place in an organized framework of a presidential, representative, and democratic republic whereby the president is both the head of state and the head of government within a pluriform multi-party system. FORMS OF GOVERNMENT The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The government seeks to act in the best interests of its citizens through this system of check and balance. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanated from them. One basic corollary in a presidential system of government is the principle of separation of powers wherein legislation belongs to Congress, execution to the Executive, and settlement of legal controversies to the Judiciary. The Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Legislative Branch enacts legislation, confirms or rejects Presidential appointments, and has the authority to declare war. This branch includes Congress (the Senate and House of Representatives) and several agencies that provide support services to Congress. The Senate is composed of 24 Senators who are elected at large by the qualified voters of the Philippines. The House of Representatives is composed of about 250 members elected from legislative districts in the provinces, cities, and municipalities, and representatives elected through a party-list system of registered national, regional, and sectoral parties or organizations. The party-list representatives shall constitute twenty per cent of the total number of representatives including those under the party list. For three consecutive terms after the ratification of this Constitution, one-half of the seats allocated to party-list representatives shall be filled, as provided by law, by selection or election from the labor, peasant, urban poor, indigenous cultural communities, women, youth, and such other sectors as may be provided by law, except the religious sector. The Executive branch is composed of the President and the Vice President who are elected by direct popular vote and serve a term of six years. The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of the country’s bureaucracy.
The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the President, Vice President, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, boards, commissions, and committees. The President leads the country. He or she is the head of state, leader of the national government, and Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines. The President serves a six-year term and cannot be re-elected. The Vice President supports the President. If the President is unable to serve, the Vice President becomes President. He or she also serves a six-year term. Cabinet members serve as advisors to the President. They include the Vice President and the heads of executive departments. Cabinet members are nominated by the President and must be confirmed by the Commission of Appointments. The Judicial branch holds the power to settle controversies involving rights that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch determines whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of the government. It is made up of a Supreme Court and lower courts. The judicial branch interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution. The judicial power shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law. Activity 1. Evaluate the following. Write True if the sentence is true and if False write the word that makes the statement false in the space provided.
Now, let us gauge your understanding, compare and contrast politics and governance using the Venn diagram below. (20 pts) Note: use bullet forms. Politics Governance
You’re almost done! Now, write a 5 sentences essay of the following questions.