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Comparison of Olympic Medal
Achievements
The Man-Made Environment
Skimming and Scanning
Skimming and scanning are important reading techniques that are very useful in the IELTS exam. As time is limited in the exam, skimming and scanning help you find the answers you need quickly.
Skimming involves reading a text quickly to understand the general idea. Scanning involves reading a text quickly to find specific information.
Here are some examples of when you might use skimming or scanning:
Looking up a word in the dictionary - Scanning Browsing the internet for the latest news stories - Skimming Choosing a book from a library or bookshop - Skimming Finding a particular news story in a newspaper - Scanning Finding the price of a product in a catalogue - Scanning Looking through a magazine for an interesting article - Skimming
It is important to practice these techniques as much as possible. The more you practice, the better you will become at each technique.
Example Text
The home in the photo cost about one billion dollars to build. It is the most expensive private residence in the world, and the first man to own a private residence costing more than one billion dollars to build. The home is on Altamout Road in Mumbai, one of the most expensive addresses in the world. Named after the mythical island Antilia, the property has 27 floors.
When skimming this text, the main ideas that can be understood are: - This is the most expensive private residence in the world - It cost about one billion dollars to build - It is located in Mumbai, India - The property has 27 floors
The text does not provide any specific details about what the author likes or dislikes about the design. To find that information, the reader would need to scan the text, which it does not contain.
Antilia: A Luxurious Residence in Mumbai
Architectural Design and Features
Antilia, the private residence of the Ambani family in Mumbai, is a remarkable example of extravagant and opulent design. The building's architecture is characterized by a unique and individualized approach, with each floor constructed using different materials to create a distinct aesthetic. The use of materials such as marble floors, rare wood, and fine rugs contributes to the overall luxurious and glamorous appearance of the home.
The design of Antilia incorporates symbolic elements, such as the lotus flower and the sun, which are prominently featured throughout the building. The extensive use of floor-to-ceiling glass windows in many of the rooms offers spectacular views of Mumbai and the Arabian Sea, further enhancing the grandeur of the residence.
Amenities and Facilities
In addition to its impressive architectural design, Antilia boasts an array of amenities and facilities that cater to the needs and preferences of its residents. The building features a vast underground parking garage with space for 168 cars, as well as three helipads on the roof, providing convenient transportation options.
The lobby of Antilia is equipped with numerous reception areas and nine elevators, ensuring efficient movement within the building. The residence also includes several floors dedicated to dining, vast libraries, and a health spa that encompasses a gym, multiple swimming pools, and yoga facilities. Furthermore, the building houses an "ice-room" that creates artificial snow, a Hindu prayer room, and several floors of gardens.
Entertainment and Hospitality
Antilia is designed not only as a private residence but also as a space for entertaining guests. The building features a theater that can accommodate up to 50 people, as well as several guest bedrooms and a grand ballroom adorned with chandeliers, providing ample space and facilities for hosting events and gatherings.
Antilia: The Ambani Family's Lavish Residence
Overview
The Ambani family's residence, Antilia, is a 400,000 sq ft home located in Mumbai, India. The home was designed to maximize sunlight exposure, with the family living on the top floor.
to decrease / a decrease to dip / a dip
Adjectives Used to Describe Trends
Adjectives can be used to demonstrate a range of vocabulary when describing trends. Adjectives usually come before the noun they describe.
| Adjective | Meaning | | --- | --- | | slight | small | | stable | unchanging | | modest | small | | steady | gradual or unchanging | | significant | large | | substantial | large | | dramatic | sudden and large | | unchanged | no change |
Examples: 1. There was a (big) rise in house prices. 2. There was a (gradual) increase in the number of young people buying houses. 3. There was a (small) decrease over the last six months. 4. The graph illustrates that the rental market is (unchanged) at the moment.
Adverbs Used to Describe Trends
Adverbs describe how something happens and usually follow the verb.
| Adverb | Meaning | | --- | --- | | considerably | a lot | | substantially | a lot | | consistently | in a steady way | | dramatically | suddenly and a lot | | sharply | suddenly and a lot | | slowly | gradually | | gradually | in a steady way | | rapidly | quickly | | moderately | in a medium way | | significantly | a lot | | slightly | a little | | steadily | in a steady way | | quickly | fast |
Examples: 1. House prices rose (significantly) over the last five years. 2. Property prices have increased (slightly) over the last six months. 3. The property market is growing (gradually) in this area. 4. Interest rates have increased (rapidly) recently.
Describing Specific Trends
In 2008, (Dubai) prices decreased substantially by just over 40% and then plummeted dramatically to -40%. In 2009, (London) prices went up by almost £100,000, but then rose steadily again in 2010 to approximately £600,000. In (Hong Kong), house prices fluctuated, peaking in 2015 and then declining.
Exam Skills: Describing Housing Trends
The chart shows how people aged 25-34 are housed in the UK from 2004 to
- Over this period, the proportion of home owners in this age group decreased substantially, from around 45% in 2004 to just over 30% by 2014. Meanwhile, the percentage of renters increased significantly, rising from around 35% to almost 50% over the same time frame. The data also indicates a slight increase in the number of people in this age group living with their parents or in other accommodation, though this remained a relatively small proportion compared to home owners and renters.
A Brief History of Football
Origins of Football
There is no clear evidence stating where and when football was actually invented, but most historians agree that some type of ball game had been played centuries before the modern game developed in England. Football has a long and interesting history, and origins of the game are present in sports played thousands of years ago in China, Egypt, Japan, and Greece. Aspects of the game can be traced as early as the second and third centuries BC in China. Their game, originally named 'Tsu Chu', involved kicking a leather ball into a small hole.
Early Football in Britain
The first football games played in Britain were in the 700s, and the English equivalent of a football was made using an animal bladder. These games were violent, and injury and death were common. Despite the violence, however, they were still very popular. The game had become so popular that in the 1300s, Edward II banned the sport because people were playing football rather than practicing archery.
Conclusion
The text provides a brief overview of the origins and early history of football, tracing its roots back to ancient civilizations and its development in Britain. It highlights the violent nature of the early games, as well as the game's growing popularity, which led to attempts to ban it. The text does not include any conclusions or implications for the future of the sport.
The History of Football
Early Origins and Development
The earliest traces of football can be found in England, where the game had limited rules and no referees before the 1800s. During this time, it was considered normal to hit players on the opposing team and damage their possessions.
Bans and Legalization
In the 1300s, King Edward II banned football in England, as he was preparing to go to war with Scotland and wanted people to focus on practicing archery instead. However, in 1605, football became legal again, and the sport grew in popularity once more.
comparative form "more successful" to compare China's performance to other countries. Other comparative forms used in the answer include "a little more successful" and "roughly the same."
Comparative forms are often needed when comparing data, either in one graph or two, so it is important to become familiar with their structure. Modifiers like "significantly" can also be used to describe the degree of the comparison.
Comparing Olympic Medal Data
Top Medal Winners of All Time
The table shows the top medal winners of all time in various sports. The most successful athlete is Michael Phelps from the USA, who has won the most medals for swimming. The chart also shows that three of the top five athletes were gymnasts from the USSR.
Medal Counts by Country
The line graph illustrates the number of male and female participants in the Olympics since it began. It shows that the number of both male and female participants has increased significantly over the years, with the number of female participants growing at a faster rate.
In summary, both the table and graph demonstrate that the USA and the USSR were the two most successful countries in the Olympics, with individual athletes from these countries dominating the medal counts in various sports.
Describing Sports Facilities and Equipment
Preparing Sports Rooms
The Director of Sports is giving instructions for preparing three rooms at the North Hinton Sports Centre for an inter-college sports competition. The table shows the sports events scheduled for the morning and afternoon sessions, as well as the equipment required for each sport.
The sports events include badminton, basketball, gymnastics, table tennis, and weightlifting. The required equipment includes nets, a vaulting horse, tables, racquets, shuttlecocks, barbells, and weights.
Assigning Event Organizers
The Director of Sports, Jeff, leaves a message for the three helpers, Steve, Amanda, and Malik, telling them who should be in charge of each event. The events and their assigned organizers are:
1.Badminton - Steve
Gymnastics - Amanda Weightlifting (AM) - Malik Basketball - Jeff Weightlifting (PM) - Malik Table Tennis - Amanda
Describing Leisure Activities
Matching Photos to Activities
The photos provided show various leisure activities, including football, movies, the gym, reading, hiking, surfing the internet, swimming, karate/ kickboxing, and video games.
Expressing Likes and Dislikes
When discussing leisure activities, there are many ways to express likes and dislikes. Some examples include:
"I'm not a big fan of..." "A lot of people like..." "Not many people like..."
These phrases can be combined with connecting words like "and," "but," "because," and "so" to provide more detailed responses.
For example: - "I don't like spending money because my friends don't really like it either." - "I'm not really interested in watching football on TV, so I prefer staying at home."
Intonation and Stress
Intonation and stress patterns can also be used to convey feelings about leisure activities. Stressed words and rising/falling intonation can indicate positive or negative attitudes.
For instance, the sentence "I'm really excited about all the new video games that will come out soon" would have a positive tone with rising intonation on "really" and "excited."
