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MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025, Exams of Nursing

University of California - DavisNursing

MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/23/2025

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MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025
What are the three domains on the phylogenetic tree of life? - correct answers
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
What is the basis of Woese's phylogenetic tree? - correct answers rRNA
Based on our current hypothesis of the origin of life, how did microbes contribute to
life on earth? - correct answers Bacteria were some of the earliest forms of life
How did eukaryotes come about according to the endosymbiotic theory? - correct
answers Symbiosis and then engulfment/fusion of two prokaryotes
Why does it matter if we can distinguish between organisms in the domains of life? -
correct answers Classification and naming; Determine best possible treatment for
pathogens; Understand relationships between different organisms; Compare and
contrast structures and physiology of organisms in these domains
What information does a phylogenetic tree provide? - correct answers Relatedness
Monophyletic species should have what in common? - correct answers An ancestor;
98.6% rRNA sequence similarity
Which of the following correctly identifies a systematics approach? - correct answers
Phylogeny analyzes evolutionary relatedness
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Download MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

What are the three domains on the phylogenetic tree of life? - correct answers bacteria, archaea, eukarya What is the basis of Woese's phylogenetic tree? - correct answers rRNA Based on our current hypothesis of the origin of life, how did microbes contribute to life on earth? - correct answers Bacteria were some of the earliest forms of life How did eukaryotes come about according to the endosymbiotic theory? - correct answers Symbiosis and then engulfment/fusion of two prokaryotes Why does it matter if we can distinguish between organisms in the domains of life? - correct answers Classification and naming; Determine best possible treatment for pathogens; Understand relationships between different organisms; Compare and contrast structures and physiology of organisms in these domains What information does a phylogenetic tree provide? - correct answers Relatedness Monophyletic species should have what in common? - correct answers An ancestor; 98.6% rRNA sequence similarity Which of the following correctly identifies a systematics approach? - correct answers Phylogeny analyzes evolutionary relatedness

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

Scientist can cultivate all microbes on the earth but we haven't yet cultured all viable microbes because of time constraints. - correct answers False All photosynthetic bacteria use the same chlorophyll and electron flow for ATP generation by photophosphorylation. - correct answers False Which of the following CANNOT provide a source of nutrition (carbon, energy or electron) for some microorganisms? - correct answers None--all of the choices describe a nutrition source for some microorganisms. What type of relationship does the normal microbiota have with its host (us humans)? - correct answers Mutualism A Vibrio fischeri species, Vibrio strain A, produces an autoinducer molecule incapable of binding LuxR. What conclusion can you draw about Vibrio strain A? - correct answers Vibrio strain A present in the light organ of a bobtail squid will be unable to produce light. Bioluminescence in the bobtail squid results from: - correct answers transcription of bioluminescence genes by bacteria within the bobtail squid. Retroviruses require the activity of __________ to complete their infection cycle. - correct answers reverse transcriptase CRISPR was originally discovered in _________ as a defense system to eliminate _________. - correct answers bacteria, viruses

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

It is recommended that everyone 6 months and older should get a flu vaccine every season with some rare exceptions. Why does this vaccine not protect individuals for longer periods of time? - correct answers Antigenic drift can occur because of errors in genome replication; Antigenic shift can occur when segments of the genome recombine in a cell infected by two strains of influenza virus. The population is more susceptible and less immune to this version of influenza. 1st step to produce a protein product using recombinant DNA technology - correct answers The Ti plasmid is isolated and prepared for the insertion of foreign DNA 2nd step to produce a protein product using recombinant DNA technology - correct answers The gene for Bt toxin is isolated from the bacterium and inserted into the plasmid 3rd step to produce a protein product using recombinant DNA technology - correct answers The plasmid is taken up by a bacterium. 4th step to produce a protein product using recombinant DNA technology - correct answers The bacterium is used to introduce the Bt toxin gene into the chromosome of plant cells. 5th step to produce a protein product using recombinant DNA technology - correct answers A single plant cell is chosen to produce a plant that now produces Bt toxin. GMO foods contain DNA - correct answers True

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

GMO foods contain steroids - correct answers F GMO foods contain antibiotics - correct answers False What is the basis for the Tree of Life? - correct answers rRNA The earliest organisms are predicted to have what type of metabolism that we see in many microorganisms today? - correct answers Anaerobic Some form of microorganism is predicted to be the LUCA. What is the LUCA? - correct answers The point on the Tree of Life before Bacteria and Archaea diverged What is one of the reasons endosymbiosis provided an advantage to early forms of life? - correct answers energy production Which of the following supports the endosymbiotic theory? - correct answers Chloroplasts and mitochondria use prokaryotic-like machinery to translate mRNA There is a prokaryotic amoeba Paulinella chomatophora that is ubiquitous in freshwater ponds and lakes. Other amoeba feed on cyanobacteria which are photosynthetic. P. chomatophora however has an organelle called a chromatophore in its cytoplasm that allows it to be photosynthetic.

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

Pneumonia is caused by many different types of organisms: bacterial, viral and fungal. Why might orders be given to swab a patient with pneumonia and classify the causative agent? - correct answers Phylogenetic classification can be used to properly diagnose and treat. How does the legume associated microbiome contribute to the mutualistic relationship with its host? - correct answers provide fixed nitrogen What evidence about the bee microbiome helps us understand more about its mutualistic relationship with its host? - correct answers Limited number of bacterial species present in gut The normal microbiota provides benefits to humans. - correct answers True Opportunistic pathogens are part of the normal microbiome that when introduced into an unusual site can be pathogenic. In this pathogenic state the type of interaction changes to which of the following? - correct answers Parasitism Microbial symbiosis in humans in characterized by a small number of species that live only in specific regions. - correct answers False Bacteria use quorum sensing to assess - correct answers the bacterial species present., the number of bacterial cells present. Which of the following would be encoded by a viral genome? - correct answers replicase

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025

Which term describes the host specificity of virions? - correct answers tissue tropism Viruses can be classified by their genome type. If a virus is (+) ssRNA, what is required to be packaged in the nucleocapsid? - correct answers genome Consider the HIV replication cycle. What type of viral genome is packaged into the HIV nucleocapsid? - correct answers +ssRNA Which of the following is a type of anti-retroviral used to prevent HIV replication? - correct answers Protease inhibitor, Fusion inhibitor, Reverse transcriptase inhibitor Why is a new vaccine against the influenza virus produced annually? - correct answers Yearly vaccinations protect against different viral strains Influenza is a (-)ssRNA virus with a segmented genome. Which of the following properties correlate to antigenic drift of this virus? - correct answers Error-prone replicase Which of the following tools used in biotechnology are sourced from microbes? - correct answers Polymerase used in PCR Plasmids Restriction Enzymes CRISPR/CAS9 system