PRELIMS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
HANNAH ADAN
1
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Growth
- Increase in structure
- Physical changes in
the anatomy of
child
- Implies change in
quantity
- Increase in number
and size of cells thus increasing the size and weight
of whole parts
Development
- Increase in function
- Changes occur in
physiological aspect of
the child and they
accompany growth
- Involves the changing from lower to a more
advanced stage of complexity
- Achieved through growth, maturation and learning
Maturation and Learning
- Maturation and learning are interrelated
- No learning can take place unless the child is
mature enough to understand and the behavior is
changed.
- The learning process can be hindered if the child is
not given the opportunity learn by experience and
from others when the time is optimum.
MATURATION
LEARNING
The process of unfolding
of the genetic or
inherited tendencies
within the child
Is a change in behavior
some children are “late”
maturers while others are
“rapid” maturers
The result of experience,
experimentation, and
training
All children mature at
their own rate
The ability to learn is
Dependent upon the
Inborn capacity for
Mental development
Described as an increase
in competence and
adaptability
Stages of Development ang Age range
STAGE
AGE
Prenatal
Conception to birth
Neonatal
27 – 28 days
Infancy
1 – 12 months
Toddler
1 – 3 years
Preschool
3 – 6 years
School Age
6 – 12 years
Adolescent
13 – 18 years
PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT
1. Cephalocaudal
Growth and development begin in the head
and moved down toward the feet
2. Proximodistal
Motor development proceeds from the center
of the body towards the extremities
3. General to specific
Muscle development and control proceed
form the mass to the specific – from simple to
specific
PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Growth and development occur in an orderly
sequence
The sequence of development is the same for
all children but has different rate
Each stage of development is an outgrowth of
the previous stage
2. Growth and development continue from
conception to maturity
Growth is never regular or even
There are periods of faster and slower growth
with spurts and growth is not normally
interrupted
3. Differences in growth and development rate
All children are unique on their own schedules
and are unique to themselves
4. Variation of growth rates for different body
structures
Not all
body
parts
mature
at the
same
rate
The
brain is completely grown by age of 7 but is not
matured until years later
5. Growth and development is a total process
It is a physical, mental, social and emotional
process
