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Lab report Procedure 2023, Study notes of Chemistry

University of British ColumbiaChemistry

Lab report writing procedure for 2023

Typology: Study notes

2022/2023

Uploaded on 08/09/2023

avani-saini
avani-saini 🇨🇦

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Writing a Lab Report (Chem 123/Chem 135
Overview
The laboratory reports must follow the formatting listed below:
• two single-sided pages or one double sided page in length
• typed in a minimum 11-point font and 1.25 spaced
• normal margins
• Note: Any included graphs do not count towards the page limit but results tables do.
Lab Reports in Chem 123 / 135 are loosely based on scientific articles and must be written in scientific
language. There are several rules to observe when writing in scientific language:
• Write concisely. Avoid using personal pronouns and uninformative words and phrases such as: "the
purpose or aim of this experiment", "in conclusion", "the final result was". Include only content
relevant to a given section.
• Write clearly. Sentences should be short, informative and grammatically correct.
Reports are due 1 week after your lab session ends and there is a mark penalty for late lab reports
Reports are graded by TAs strictly according to a marking rubric. You will see your marked lab reports
in your next lab. Discuss any marking issues with your TA during that lab time.
A lab report should consist of the following sections:
1. Abstract
The abstract should:
• specify the purpose of the experiment
• give the briefest possible description of the scientific principles involved
• indicate the experimental conditions
• state a single generalized conclusion for the experiment
The abstract should NOT include:
• raw data
• definitions
• operational details
• any form of calculations
• personal pronouns
The abstract is written in the third person and is in the form of two or three complete sentences with
about 50-75 well-chosen words.
Sample Abstract:
Iron levels in Windsor and Alice lakes were determined by colorimetry with potassium thiocyanate.
Samples were extracted from various locations within the lakes to determine if native iron-ore deposits
leach into nearby Windsor Lake. Iron concentrations in Windsor Lake are shown to be four times higher
than those of Alice Lake.
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Writing a Lab Report (Chem 123/Chem 135

Overview

The laboratory reports must follow the formatting listed below :

  • two single-sided pages or one double sided page in length
  • typed in a minimum 11 - point font and 1.25 spaced
  • normal margins
  • Note: Any included graphs do not count towards the page limit but results tables do. Lab Reports in Chem 123 / 135 are loosely based on scientific articles and must be written in scientific language. There are several rules to observe when writing in scientific language:
  • Write concisely. Avoid using personal pronouns and uninformative words and phrases such as: "the purpose or aim of this experiment", "in conclusion", "the final result was". Include only content relevant to a given section.
  • Write clearly. Sentences should be short, informative and grammatically correct. Reports are due 1 week after your lab session ends and there is a mark penalty for late lab reports Reports are graded by TAs strictly according to a marking rubric. You will see your marked lab reports in your next lab. Discuss any marking issues with your TA during that lab time. A lab report should consist of the following sections:

1. Abstract

The abstract should:

  • specify the purpose of the experiment
  • give the briefest possible description of the scientific principles involved
  • indicate the experimental conditions
  • state a single generalized conclusion for the experiment The abstract should NOT include:
  • raw data
  • definitions
  • operational details
  • any form of calculations
  • personal pronouns The abstract is written in the third person and is in the form of two or three complete sentences with about 50 - 75 well-chosen words. Sample Abstract : Iron levels in Windsor and Alice lakes were determined by colorimetry with potassium thiocyanate. Samples were extracted from various locations within the lakes to determine if native iron-ore deposits leach into nearby Windsor Lake. Iron concentrations in Windsor Lake are shown to be four times higher than those of Alice Lake.

2. Introduction

The introduction should:

  • include a brief summary of previous work done on the subject, with references (see in-text citations below)
  • explains the goals of the project and its importance
  • state the hypothesis with a brief rationale and expected results. The rationale should be based on a literature search
  • mention the method used to determine the results The introduction should NOT include:
  • personal pronouns The introduction should not exceed 150 words (1/4 page). In-text citations Since reference is made to the work of another, an in-text citation is provided above. Whenever you somehow refer to the work of another you are required to provide an in-text citation as well as a complete reference in the bibliography. The ACS Style Guide in-text citation method used above is by author name and year of publication in parentheses (the author-date system).^1

3. Experimental Section (Method)

The experimental section should:

  • include a concise description of all experimental procedures , ie what was studied, under what conditions
  • include enough information so another chemist can use your description to replicate the experiment
  • refer to common procedures such as filtration, sublimation or melting point measurement etc. without having to provide details of the techniques, but you must specify their purpose The experimental section is written in the third person and past tense , in the form of two or three paragraphs with about 150 words. (^1) Other examples for this system of citation include: more than 2 authors - Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously (Finnegan et al., 2004); two authors - The primary structure of this enzyme has also been determined (O'Brien and Alenno, 2005; Axelrod, 2003). For more information see: “In-text Citations” in the “Lab Report Writing” module in Canvas. Sample Introduction : Iron and arsenic are two toxic metals often found in water sources which create environmental hazards. Researchers developed various methods to remove these metals from water and the effectiveness of several methods, including the use of oxidants, coagulants, and filtration, in the removal of iron and arsenic from water have been studied (Kanbar, 1998). Oxidation with potassium permanganate was very effective in removing arsenic when followed by coagulation and filtration. In this study, the amount of iron in several water sources has been determined to assess the potential hazards. The research has been conducted to determine whether Windsor Lake contained more iron than Alice Lake, since the former is located close to an area rich in iron- ore deposits. The amount of iron was determined by colorimetric analysis with potassium This thiocyanate. part describes the experiment. This part is based on literature.

The discussion should NOT include:

  • personal pronouns The discussion should be written in about 450 words (3/4 of a page)

6. Conclusion

The conclusion should:

  • state the overall end result of the experiment
  • the correlation between the results and hypothesis
  • indicates whether or not the objectives of the study have been met The conclusion is written in the third person and is in the form of one or two complete sentences with about 50 words.

7. Bibliography

All the literature used for the introduction should be listed in the following format (ACS Style Guide): Articles: Author Last Name, Author Initials. Article Title. Journal Name Abbreviation Year , Issue , Start Page. To find Journal titles and abbreviations, go to “http://www.library.ubc.ca/scieng/coden.html” Article Example : Smith, J.M.; Brown, A. J. A Computational Study of the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction Mechanism for Nitrilimines_. Chem. Educ._ 1998 , 77, 145. Web: Author (if any). Title of Site. URL (accessed date), other identifying information. Web Example : Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxic Substances Portal http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=3 (accessed May 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical of interest. http://www.hbcpnetbase.com (accessed date). Example: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 2 - bromobenzene. http://www.hbcpnetbase.com (accessed February 5, 2017). For referencing the Experimental overview in Canvas: Nussbaum, S.; Thomas, A. Experiment 9 Overview. University of British Columbia, https://canvas.ubc.ca (accessed 2023- 1 - 13) Note: if you use more than one reference, they should be listed in alphabetical order , by last name. Sample Discussion The iron content of Alice and Windsor lakes was analyzed to determine the effect of proximity of the lake to an area rich in iron-ore deposits. Discrepancies in the results of the samples collectedfrom different sources in the same lake were found and may be due to varying depths of the lake and varied flora. As well, samples were kept in storage between the collection and the analysis and these times were not standardized. However, the average amounts of iron calculated for each lake show that Windsor Lake contains more iron (0.557 mg/L) than Alice Lake(0.351 mg mg/L), as predicted. These values are comparable to previously published (Kanbar, 1998) results for similarly located lakes. Results could be improved by analyzing samples at more uniform storage times / conditions. Also, the effect of environmental conditions at each collection area should be examined. Sample Conclusion Windsor Lake contains more iron (0.557mg/L) than Alice Lake (0.351 mg/L), as predicted based on the distance of each lake from an area rich in iron-ore deposits.