UNIT-1
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
Introduction to Management: When human being started group activities for the attainment of
same common objectives whenever a group is formed and a group activity is organized to
achieve certain common objectives management is needed to direct, co-ordinate and integrate the
individual activities of a group and secure teams work to accomplish organizational objectives.
The objectives of all business are attained by utilizing the scare resources like men, materials,
machines, money etc. In process of management, a manage uses human skills, material
resources and scientific methods to perform all the activities leading to the
achievement of goods.
Definition: “Management is knowing exactly what you want men to seeing that they
do it the best and cheapest ways”. or “Management is defined as the creation and maintenance
environment in an enterprise where individuals working together in groups, can perform
efficiently andeffectively towards theattainment of__Koontzand O’Donell Nature of
Management: The study and application of management techniques in managing the affairs of
the organization have changed its nature over the period of time.
Multidisciplinary: Management is basically multidisciplinary. This implies that, although
management has been developed as a separate discipline, it draws knowledge and concepts from
various disciplines. It draws freely ideas and concepts from such disciplines as psychology,
sociology, anthropology, economics, ecology, statistics, operations research, etc. Management
integrates the ideas and concepts taken from these disciplines and present newer concepts which
can be put into practice for managing the organization.
Dynamic nature of principle: Based on integration and supported by practical evidences,
management has formed certain principles. However, these principles are flexible in nature and
change with the changes in the environment in which an organization exists. Relative, not
absolute principles: Management principle are relative, not absolute, and they should be applied
according to the need of the organization. Each organization may be different from others. The
difference may exist because of time, place, socio-cultural factors, etc.
Management Science or Art: There is a controversy whether management is science or art.
However, management is both a science and art.
Management as profession: Management has been regarded as profession by many while
many have suggested that it has not achieved the status of a profession.
