Intro to Digestion Human Digestive Sys Digestive Tract Info The Digestive Path Digesti, Summaries of Nursing

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e Digestive System:

Anatomy, Physiology and

Pathophysiology

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

T he Al i mentar ytract i s comp osed of

organs whose prima functions are:

Ingestion of food

Digestion of food

Absorption of nutrients from the food

e Gastro Intestinal Tract

• (^) e tract is

long; bro- muscular tube is lined internally by specialized epithelium for secretion and absorption

e GI Tract

e wall is divided

into:

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularis layer (inner circular and outer longitudinal)

Serosa/adventitia

e abdomen can be divided into 9 regions and 4 quadrants:

e MOUTH

Extends from the lips to the orophanx

Initial digestion of carbohydrates occurs here

Contains the teeth, tongue, palate, saliva glands and tonsils

ere are 32 teeth in a normal adult

e Phanx

• (^) Orophanx

is a

passageway

of both food

and air

e Esophagus

Function:

to propel food to the

stomach

e Stomach: Gastro

• • • • • • J-shaped dilatable par tof the GIT

Located on the epigastric a r e a a n d r i g h t u p p e r quadrant

With 3 pas:

1. Fundus
2. Body
3. Pylorus

Cells in the stomach

1. M u c u s c e l l s -

secrete mucus for

p rote c ti on of th e

mucosa

Cells in the stomach

2. Chief cells/principal cells/ Zymogenic

cells secrete Pepsinogen needed for

protein digestion

Cells in the stomach

4. Argentan cells

• secrete Serotonin

5. Antral G cells

• produce gastrin

Gastric ulcers

are a break in the mucosa of the stomach lining that penetrates thro ugh the muscularis mucosa.