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INFECTIOUS DISEASES ESSENTIAL ANSWERS FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS, Exams of Nursing

University of OxfordNursing

INFECTIOUS DISEASES ESSENTIAL ANSWERS FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/04/2025

Prof.Henshall
Prof.Henshall 🇬🇧

319 documents

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES ESSENTIAL ANSWERS FOR HEALTHCARE
PROFESSIONALS
1. What is an infectious disease? A disease caused by pathogenic
microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
2. What is the difference between bacteria and viruses? Bacteria
are single-celled organisms that can live independently; viruses
require a host cell to replicate.
3. What is the common mode of transmission for respiratory
infections?
Airborne droplets from coughs or sneezes.
4. What disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis.
5. What is the incubation period?
The time between exposure to an infection and the appearance of
symptoms.
6. What is the primary prevention method for infectious diseases?
Vaccination.
7. What is the significance of hand hygiene in infection control?
It reduces the spread of pathogens.
8. What is sepsis?
A life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated
host response to infection.
9. What pathogen causes malaria?
Plasmodium species (a parasite).
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INFECTIOUS DISEASES ESSENTIAL ANSWERS FOR HEALTHCARE

PROFESSIONALS

  1. What is an infectious disease? A disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
  2. What is the difference between bacteria and viruses? Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can live independently; viruses require a host cell to replicate.
  3. What is the common mode of transmission for respiratory infections? Airborne droplets from coughs or sneezes.
  4. What disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis? Tuberculosis.
  5. What is the incubation period? The time between exposure to an infection and the appearance of symptoms.
  6. What is the primary prevention method for infectious diseases? Vaccination.
  7. What is the significance of hand hygiene in infection control? It reduces the spread of pathogens.
  8. What is sepsis? A life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.
  9. What pathogen causes malaria? Plasmodium species (a parasite).
  1. What is the role of antibiotics? To treat bacterial infections.
  2. Can antibiotics treat viral infections? No, antibiotics are ineffective against viruses.
  3. What is HIV and what does it affect? Human Immunodeficiency Virus; it attacks the immune system.
  4. What is the difference between endemic and epidemic? Endemic refers to constant presence in a region; epidemic is a sudden increase in cases.
  5. What is the vector for dengue fever? Aedes mosquitoes.
  6. What is the primary symptom of influenza? Fever, cough, and body aches.
  7. What disease is caused by the varicella-zoster virus? Chickenpox and shingles.
  8. What is the function of a vaccine? To stimulate the immune system to develop protection against a specific pathogen.
  9. What is the term for infections acquired in a hospital? Nosocomial infections.
  10. What is the causative agent of COVID-19? SARS-CoV-2 virus.
  11. What is antimicrobial resistance? When microorganisms evolve to resist the effects of medications.
  12. What is the common symptom of gastroenteritis? Diarrhea.
  1. What is the causative agent of hepatitis B? Hepatitis B virus.
  2. What is zoonosis? Diseases transmitted from animals to humans.
  3. What is the role of quarantine during infectious disease outbreaks? To separate and restrict movement of exposed individuals to prevent spread.
  4. What is the causative agent of rabies? Rabies virus.
  5. What is the difference between infection and colonization? Infection causes symptoms; colonization means presence of microbes without disease.
  6. What is the primary vector for plague? Fleas.
  7. What is the causative agent of syphilis? Treponema pallidum (a bacterium).
  8. What is the significance of herd immunity? When a large portion of a population is immune, protecting those who are not.
  9. What is the causative agent of candidiasis? Candida species (a fungus).
  10. What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic? A pandemic is a worldwide epidemic.
  1. What is the causative agent of tetanus? Clostridium tetani (a bacterium).
  2. What is the role of personal protective equipment (PPE) in infection control? To protect healthcare workers and patients from infection.
  3. What is the causative agent of whooping cough? Bordetella pertussis (a bacterium).
  4. What is the incubation period of HIV? Several weeks to months before symptoms appear.
  5. What is the causative agent of hepatitis C? Hepatitis C virus.
  6. What is the causative agent of influenza? Influenza virus.
  7. What is the significance of contact tracing in infectious disease outbreaks? Identifying and managing people exposed to an infected individual to prevent spread.
  8. What is the causative agent of tuberculosis? Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  9. What is the difference between antiseptics and antibiotics? Antiseptics are applied to living tissue to reduce infection risk; antibiotics treat infections inside the body.