Download Immune System: Leukocytes, Innate and Acquired Immunity, and Cell Types and more Quizzes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!
Granular Leukocytes
remain in the body only 4-8 hours before being deposited into the tissue where they continue to live for 4- daysNeutrophilsEosinophilsBasophilsNon-selective and multiply quickly to fight infection but then die once infection is gone TERM 2
Agranular Leukocytes
DEFINITION 2 monocyteslymphocytesmegakaryocytesFight against specific agents of infection and stay much longer is case infection returns TERM 3
Innate Immunity
DEFINITION 3 Generalized protection against most intruding organisms or toxins TERM 4
Acquired Immunity
DEFINITION 4 protection against specific organisms or toxins; develops after body is 1st attacked TERM 5
Macrophages
DEFINITION 5 1st defence (other than skin and acid of stomach) to attack foreign invadersCapable of engulfing up to 100 bacteriaAlso created when monocytes maturefactor in innate immunity
Neutrophils
2nd line of leukocyte immunity - A single neutrophil can phagocytize 5 bacteriaMost stored in bone marrow until neededNeutrophils are drawn towards injured/infected site by chemical (chemotaxis)Seep through capillary walls in amaeboid-like process called diapedesisfactor in innate immunitybacteria TERM 7
Monocytes
DEFINITION 7 circulate in the blood until they move into the tissues by diapedesisonce inside tissue they mature into macrophagesfactor in innate immunity TERM 8
Puss
DEFINITION 8 Combination of dead leukocytes, along with tissue fluid and necrotic tissue TERM 9
Eosinophils
DEFINITION 9 work mainly against parasitic infectionsfactor in innate immunity TERM 10
Humoral or B-cell immunity
DEFINITION 10 Type of acquired immunityPromoted by B lymphocytesEffective against bacteria, fungi, parasitic protozoans, viruses and blood toxins
Free antibodies
- Cause antigenic substance to agglutinate or precipitate or, if a toxin, block its chemically active portion2. Once bound to antigen can cause cascade of rxns involving blood proteins (called complement) that cause antigen bearing cell to be perforated3. mark antigen for phagocytosis by macrophages and natural killer cells TERM 17
Primary Response
DEFINITION 17 1st time the immune system is exposed to the antigenrequires 20 days to reach full potential TERM 18
Memory B cells
DEFINITION 18 proliferate and remain in the body to protect from re- infectionIf re-infection occurs, cells can synthesize antibodies resulting in faster and more potent effect called the secondary response TERM 19
Secondary Response
DEFINITION 19 immune response caused by action of Memory B cells when infection returnsRequires roughly 5 days to reach full potential TERM 20
Cell-mediated/ T- cell immunity
DEFINITION 20 promoted by T-lymphocytesEffective against destroying infected cells
T-lymphocytes
Mature in thymusAlso have antibody-like protein on surface that recognizes and binds to antigens but never make free antibodiesIn thymus, T-lymphocytes are "tested" against self-antigens and destroyed if they bindT-lymphocytes that are not destroyed mature into helper T, Memory T, Suppressor T and Killer T cells TERM 22
Helper T cells
DEFINITION 22 assist in activating B-lymphocytes, killer cells, and supressor T cellsHelp T cells are those affected by HIV TERM 23
Memory T cells
DEFINITION 23 function similarly to Memory B cells TERM 24
Suppressor T cells
DEFINITION 24 Play negative feedback role in the immune system TERM 25
Killer T cells
DEFINITION 25 bind to the antigen-carrying cell and release perforin, a protein which punctures the antigen-carrying cellsKiller T cells can attach many cells because they do not phagocytize their victimsKiller T cells are responsible for fighting some forms of cancer and for attacking transplanted tissue leading to rejection
