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Name: JOHN KENNETH N. DULDULAO Course & Sec. BSN-1B Date: 10/16/2022 Score: _____________ Learning Activity No. 7 The Nervous System SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES : At the end of this activity, students are expected to:
- Identify parts of a neuron.
- Differentiate three types of neurons.
- Identify parts and functions of the brain. LEARNING RESOURCES: Model of the human brain and neuron TIME ALLOTMENT: 1hr LEARNING CONTENT: I. PROCEDURE
- Draw and label the parts of neuron.
- Draw the three types of neurons.
- Draw, color and label the parts of a human brain. II. DATA AND RESULTS: A. Parts of a neuron.
B. Different types of neurons.
III- Answers to Questions:
1. How is one-way conduction of synapse in neurons is ensured? - One-way conduction is ensured by the functions of axons and dendrites. The axon terminal which synapses with neighboring neurons releases neurotransmitters that bind at receptors found on dendrites and the cell body. 2. Explain the types of neuron in relation to their functions. Sensory neurons conduct nervous impulses from sense organs to the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons are the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment - for example, when you touch a hot surface with your fingertips, the sensory neurons will be the ones firing and sending off signals to the rest of the nervous system about the information they have received. The inputs that activate sensory neurons can be physical or chemical, corresponding to all five of our senses. Thus, a physical input can be things like sound, touch, heat, or light. A chemical input comes from taste or smell, which neurons then send to the brain. Most sensory neurons are pseudo-unipolar, which means they only have one axon which is split into two branches. (ii) Motor neurons carry impulses from brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands. Motor neurons of the spinal cord are part of the central nervous system (CNS) and connect to muscles, glands and organs throughout the body. These neurons transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles (such as those in your stomach), and so directly control all of our muscle movements. There are in fact two types of motor neurons: those that travel from spinal cord to muscle are called lower motor neurons, whereas those that travel between the brain and spinal cord are called upper motor neurons. Motor neurons have the most common type of ‘body plan’ for a nerve cell - they are multipolar, each with one axon and several dendrites. (iii) Associate neurons perform integrative functions of the nervous system. Associate neurons also called as Interneurons are neural intermediaries found in your brain and spinal cord. They’re the most common type of neuron. They pass signals from sensory neurons and other interneurons to motor neurons and other interneurons. Often, they form complex circuits that help you to react to external stimuli. A bipolar neuron, or bipolar cell, is a type of neuron that has two extensions (one axon and one dendrite). Many bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of sense. As such, they are part of the sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing, touch, balance and proprioception.
3. Explain the trauma of the base of the brain is much more dangerous than the trauma of the frontal lobes Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a nondegenerative, noncongenitally insult to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions, with an associated diminished or altered state of consciousness. The base of the brain is more dangerous than trauma to frontal lobes because it contains the centers more vital to life such as, respiratory, cardiac, and vasomotor centers. IV- Conclusion:
