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how to name simple compounds, Summaries of Chemistry

how to name simple compounds for chemistry

Typology: Summaries

2022/2023

Uploaded on 03/23/2024

kristina-novicky
kristina-novicky 🇨🇦

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Inorganic Compounds: composed of elements other than C
Exceptions: CO, CO2, carbonates, cyanides
Ionic Compounds
Cation name _ anion name
Tips:
Charge on monoatomic ion for nonmetallic main-grp is gp number - 8 ie O
is 2- b/c 6-8)
-ous added if lower charge, -ic for higher charge ie ferrous ion (Fe2+) and
ferric ion (Fe3+)
-ide added for monoatomic ions
Polyatomic Ions: ion of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together & carrying
net electric charge
Name
Formula
Mercury (I) or mercurous
Ammonium
Cyanide
Carbonate
Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)
Acetate
Oxalate
Hypochlorite
Chlorite
Chlorate
Perchlorate
Chromate
Dichromate
Permanganate
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● Inorganic Compounds: composed of elements other than C ○ Exceptions: CO, CO2, carbonates, cyanides ● Ionic Compounds ○ Cation name _ anion name ○ Tips: ■ Charge on monoatomic ion for nonmetallic main-grp is gp number - 8 ie O is 2- b/c 6-8) ■ -ous added if lower charge, -ic for higher charge ie ferrous ion (Fe2+) and ferric ion (Fe3+) ■ -ide added for monoatomic ions ○ Polyatomic Ions: ion of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together & carrying net electric charge Name Formula Mercury (I) or mercurous Ammonium Cyanide Carbonate Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) Acetate Oxalate Hypochlorite Chlorite Chlorate Perchlorate Chromate Dichromate Permanganate

Nitrite Nitrate Hydroxide Peroxide Phosphate Monohydrogen phosphate Dihydrogen phosphate Sulfite Sulfate Hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite) Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate) Thiosulfate ● Oxyanions: ions w/ O & other element ● Oxyanion w/ greater number of O atoms has -ate ○ w/ lesser number - ite ○ Most number has per- ○ Least number hypo- ● Acid anions: oxyanions bonded to 1 or more H+ Binary Molecular Compound ● Elements further to left and closer to bottom named first ● O always said last except when w/ F ● H last up to gr 5 ● More metallic element _ less metallic element ● Second has -ide ● Number of molecules contribute to prefix mono-, di-, tri- etc Acids & Corresponding Anions ● Oxacid: acid w/ H, O and other element (central atom) ● Acid suffix: ○ -ic for more O atoms ○ -ous for less O atoms