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Oxyacetylene Welding: A Comprehensive Guide, Lecture notes of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

A detailed overview of oxyacetylene welding, a widely used technique in hvac (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) applications. It covers the basic components of an oxyacetylene system, including regulators, service cylinders, torches, hoses, and safety equipment. The document also outlines the step-by-step process for attaching pressure-reducing regulators and connecting the gas supplies to the torch, emphasizing the importance of proper handling and safety precautions. This comprehensive guide is valuable for hvac professionals, students, and anyone interested in understanding the fundamentals of oxyacetylene welding and its practical applications.

Typology: Lecture notes

2023/2024

Uploaded on 04/29/2024

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Oxyacetylene
- It refers to a mixture ofoxygenandacetylenegas. When
combined, this mixture produces avery hot flame. In
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning),
oxyacetylene torches are commonly used for tasks such
asbrazing or soldering alloys together. But it also used
for cutting.
Oxyacetylene basic parts:
1. Regulators- Are set of gauges installed at each service
cylinder for oxygen and acetylene.
2. Oxygen service cylinder- This is a service cylinder where the
oxygen gas is stored this is usually taller and thinner than
the acetylene service cylinder.
3. Acetylene service cylinder- This is a service cylinder a
storage for acetylene gas.
4. Torch- This is a part of oxyacetylene welding assembly that
is used in brazing. It comes in different sizes.
5. Hoses- Are no ordinary rubber tubings where the gases
pass. They have 2 colors Red for acetylene and Green
oxygen. This is not interchangeable, each is threaded
opposite from the other.
6. Acetylene cylinder service valve- This is a part of acetylene
cylinder where to open and close it.
7. Oxygen cylinder service valve- This is a part of oxygen
cylinder where to open or close it.
8. Regulator connector- This is a part of the regulators where
the hoses are coupled.
9. Friction igniter- This is a lightning device used during
starting process of brazing.
10.Multiple wrench- This is a tightening and loosening device
used in the cylinder service valve.
11.Eye protector- A safety device used during brazing to free
the eyes from splinters and heat of torch flame.
12.Tip cleaner- These are special kind of cleaning device to
remove carbon inside the nozzle. Comes in various sizes.
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Oxyacetylene

  • It refers to a mixture of oxygen and acetylene gas. When combined, this mixture produces a very hot flame. In HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) , oxyacetylene torches are commonly used for tasks such as brazing or soldering alloys together. But it also used for cutting. Oxyacetylene basic parts:
  1. Regulators- Are set of gauges installed at each service cylinder for oxygen and acetylene.
  2. Oxygen service cylinder- This is a service cylinder where the oxygen gas is stored this is usually taller and thinner than the acetylene service cylinder.
  3. Acetylene service cylinder- This is a service cylinder a storage for acetylene gas.
  4. Torch- This is a part of oxyacetylene welding assembly that is used in brazing. It comes in different sizes.
  5. Hoses- Are no ordinary rubber tubings where the gases pass. They have 2 colors Red for acetylene and Green oxygen. This is not interchangeable, each is threaded opposite from the other.
  6. Acetylene cylinder service valve- This is a part of acetylene cylinder where to open and close it.
  7. Oxygen cylinder service valve- This is a part of oxygen cylinder where to open or close it.
  8. Regulator connector- This is a part of the regulators where the hoses are coupled.
  9. Friction igniter- This is a lightning device used during starting process of brazing. 10.Multiple wrench- This is a tightening and loosening device used in the cylinder service valve. 11.Eye protector- A safety device used during brazing to free the eyes from splinters and heat of torch flame. 12.Tip cleaner- These are special kind of cleaning device to remove carbon inside the nozzle. Comes in various sizes.
  1. Connect the oxygen and acetylene regulators to their cylinders. The regulators let you see how much pressure you’re using while working and are essential to safely starting and operating an oxy acetylene torch.
  • If the regulator and cylinder have different threads (meaning they don’t fit into each other), you will need to use an adaptor, which can be purchased at any local hardware store.
  1. Tighten the nuts of the regulator connections with a wrench. Don’t assume because you have turned the nut as far as you can with your hand that it is tight enough. Use a wrench with a fixed opening (rather than an adjustable wrench) that is designed specifically for welding tools. You can buy these from a hardware store or a specific apparatus supplier.
  • If you ever need to make an adjustment after the cylinder has been opened and used, make sure to close the cylinder valve before tightening the nut again.
  1. Rotate the pressure-adjusting screw to the left until it turns freely. Do this for each regulator. The valve in the regulator needs to be closed before cylinder pressure is admitted. Turning the pressure-adjusting screw counter- clockwise removes the pressure from the spring in the regulator.
  • When the screw turns freely, you should be able to just tap it with your finger and see it move, rather than having to apply pressure.
  1. Open the oxygen and the acetylene valves very slowly. Make sure you can see the cylinder-pressure gauges, but don’t stand directly in front of the valves. Open the valves slowly to protect yourself and your machine from any potential combustion.
  • Open the oxygen valve very slightly at first and pause until the pressure gauge hand isn’t moving any more before moving on to open the valve fully.
  • The acetylene valve should never be opened more than 1 and 1/2 turns.

Connecting Gas Supplies to the Torch

  1. Use a hose and hose connections specific to welding and cutting. Oxygen hoses will have a green cover, while acetylene hoses will have a red cover. Never interchange these hoses as they are meant for different substances. If one of your hoses have broken, replace it—don’t use tape of any sort to try and patch the hole.
  • A hose with a natural rubber liner is okay for acetylene service.
  1. Do not use any oil or grease on the hoses. All the connections from the gas supplies to the torch are metal-to-metal, and they don’t require lubricants or sealants. Similarly, don’t use any pipe-fitting tools to connect the hoses to the torch.
  • Don’t force connections—if the threads don’t run together easily by. hand, either the threads are damaged or the parts aren’t meant to go together.
  1. Attach the oxygen hose to the oxygen regulator and to the torch. The torch should have identifying marks on the body or the handle showing where the hose should be connected. Most torches have 2 oxygen connections because 1 is used for the cutting jet and 1 is used for the preheat flames. If there isn’t an adaptor on the torch that unites these 2 connections, you will need to use 2 oxygen hoses, 2 regulators, and 2 oxygen tanks.
  • Most new oxy acetylene torches come with built in adapters, but double-check with the manufacturer’s instructions to be safe.
  1. Connect the acetylene hose to the acetylene regulator and to the torch. Sometimes the torch doesn’t specify which connection is for the acetylene, though the oxygen will be clearly marked. Whichever connection is not for the oxygen is for the acetylene.
  • Double check your connections before moving on to make sure everything is hooked up to the right place.