Transcribed by: Hannah Rose M. Fortuno
ORTHODONTICS I
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRANIOFACIAL COMPLEX
Transcribed by: Hannah Rose M. Fortuno
3 Primary Correlates of the Human Dental
Occlusion
• Growth and development of the
craniofacial complex (bone)
• Growth and development of occlusion
(teeth)
• Growth and development of nerves and
muscles (neuromuscular system)
Why do we assess growth?
1. To determine optimum time for treatment
(growth modification and surgery)
2. To determine the amount of growth
3. To determine the type of growth
Growth vs. Development
Growth
• normal changes in the amount of the living
substance
• normal dimensional changes during
development
• limited to the changes in magnitude of a body
and does not describe how it happens
• change in quantity
Scammon’s Curve
• General Growth
• Lymphoid Curve
• Neural Curve
• Genital Curve
• General Growth
- pertains to MOST body organs, the skin,
viscera, most organs and organ systems,
muscles, cartilage and bone.
- follows an S-shaped pattern
• Lymphoid Curve
- represents tissues associated with
HUMORAL IMMUNTY such as the thymus,
tonsils and adenoids, and lymph nodes.
• Neural Curse
- CNS (Central Nervous System) and its
surrounding calvaria.
• Genital Curve
- the growth of PRIMARY SEX APPARATUS
and all SECONDARY SEX TRAITS.
Development
• naturally occurring unidirectional changes in
the life an individual from its existence as a
single cell to its elaboration as a
multifunctional unit terminating in death.
• Change in complexity
• Ex: fertilized egg -> embryo -> neonate ->
child -> adult -> death
• Development = growth + differentiation +
translocation
Basic Concepts of Growth and Change
Appositional Growth
• Increase in size by SURFACE ADDITION
• Ex: long bones
Interstitial Growth
• Increase in size by EXPANSION
• Ex: cartilage
Sutural Apposition
• Increase in size of a bone by addition of bone
at the SUTURAL INTERCHANGE
Displacement
• Movement of a whole bone away from other
bones
• Primary or Secondary Displacement
