Download English Language Proficiency Test: Vocabulary, Grammar, and Structure Exercises and more Exercises English Language in PDF only on Docsity!
Part II. Vocabulary
A. For questions 1 – 15, choose the word or phrase in A, B, C, or D which best completes each blank space in the text. Thirteen year olds do not spend as much money as their parents suspect at least not according to the findings of a (1)______ survey, Money and Change. The survey (2)______ three hundred teenagers,1317 years old, from (3)_______ Britain.By the time they (4)_______their teens, most children see their weekly allowance rise dramatically to an amazing national average of £5.14.Two- thirds think they get (5)_____ money, but most expect to have to do something to get it.
- A. late B. recent C. latest D. fresh
- A. included B. cntained C counted D. enclosed
- A. entire B. all over C. complete D. the whole
- A. reach B. get C. make D. arrive
- A. acceptable B. adequate C. satisfactory D. enough Television, radio and print (6) __________ it into every home and the schoolyard (7) ___________ of children; advertisers use it to (8) __________ up their message, journalists take refuge in it when their home-bred skills (9) ___________ them. Increasingly one hears the (10) ______________ that Dutch will give way to English as the national tongue within two or three generations ... 6 A. guide B. bring C. shift D. haul
7 A. conversation B. head-to-head C. consultation D. dialogue 8 A. life B. energy C. enthusiasm D. pep 9 A. succeed B. fall C. fail D. fizzle 10 A. feeling B. posture C. judgment D. view The economic recession seems to have encouraged (11)_______ attitudes to money, even in the case of children at these ages. Instead of wasting what pocket (12)_______ they have on sweets or magazines, the 13yearolds who took (13)______ in the survey seem to (14)______to the situation by saving more than half (15)_____ their cash. 11 A. aware B. knowing C. helpful D. cautious 12 A. cash B. money C.change D.savings 13 A. part B. place C. share D. piece 14 A. reply B. answer C. respond
- In the final stage in the impeachment process of an American president, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court presides over the Senate, which sits as a body___________to a jury to decide whether to convict the president. A. idealistic B. malevolent C. prurient D. concomitant
- The geological theory of uniformitarianism is the antithesis of the geological theory of catastrophism; it asserts that it is___________ that natural law and processes do not fundamentally change, and that what we observe now is essentially the same as what occurred in the past. A. benevolent B. ludicrous C. relevant D. blatant
- The Hubble Space Telescope—in orbit around the Earth to offer observations not____________by the earth’s atmosphere—has been a boon to astronomers; it is one of the finest astronomical instruments ever developed, greatly expanding man’s gaze into space. A. attenuated B. mitigated C. imploded D. subsumed
- The literaiy critic Susan Sontag uttered a famous____________ dictum: “Taste has no system and no proofs”—by which she meant that artistic taste is subjective, since there are no unbiased criteria for assessing art. A. desultory B. aesthetic C. existential D. linguistic
- The concept of the biosphere has helped to____________the idea of life on earth as a fragile and interdependent system that humanity disrupts at its peril. A. supplant B. bifurcate C. burnish D. disseminate
- It seems likely that herd mentality plays a part in depressions; as an economy slumps, some people panic, others____________this panic, and something akin to mass hysteria ensues. A. arrest B. foreswear
C. impede D. subsume
- He tried to .......... her some advice but she wouldn't listen. A give B suggest C recommend D take
- Have you .......... out the invitations to the party yet? A posted B sent C dispatched D delivered
- I wonder if you could .......... me a favour and carry this box for me. A make B do C give D hold
- Could you just stand there quietly without .......... a sound? A creating B doing C causing D making
- Experiments in the photography of moving objects __________ in both the United States and Europe well before 1900. A. have been conducting B. were conducting C. had been conducted D. being conducted
- The University of Georgia, __________ in 1785, was the first state supported university in the United States. A. chartered B. was chartered C. it was chartered D. to be chartered
- Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once __________ cacti and sagebrush could live. A. nor B. not the C. none other D. nothing but
- __________, in the late 1800's, some libraries had to keep as many as twenty to thirty copies of each of Mary Jane Holmes's books on hand. A. Inventories showing B. That show inventories C. Inventories show that D. Showing the inventories
- The scholarly interest in perception stems largely from questions about the sources and validity of what __________. A. it is known as human knowledge B. is known as human knowledge C. known human knowledge D. is human knowledge known
- Because of the Aleuts' constant exposure to cold weather, they have long recognized __________. A. and body needs to be fat B. body needs the fat C. how fat the body needs D. the body's need for fat
- Almost all economists agree __________ by trading with one another. A. nations that are gained B. nations they gain C. gaining nations D. that nations gain
- The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for __________ with which to regulate them. A. more accurate than sundials B. more accurate sundials C. sundials more accurately D. more accurately than sundials
- Anthropology is a science __________anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. A. in that B. that in C. that D. in B. Cloze Test For questions 16 – 25, choose the word or phrase in A, B, C, or D which best completes each blank space in the text. The mention of HIV strikes terror in the hearts of most people. HIV stands 16 'human immunodeficiency virus'. This virus has the ability to 17 down and destroy 18 body's immune system. Many people 19 are infected by the virus may not show 20 symptoms of the disease for months or even years. Once the body's immune system begins to break down, the body will no longer be able to protect itself. When this happens, even the simplest of infections could prove to be fatal.
- A. for B. at C. by D. from
- A. broke B. broken C. break D. breaking
- A. a B. an C. the D. --
- A. whom B. who C. whose D. what
C. Error Identification For questions 26 – 40, choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D which is wrong.
- Rural economy is sluggish real sector need effort in making activation and passionate. A B C D
- Alike other academic disciplines, sociology has several major sub-disciplines. A B C D
- An enormous variety of information may be obtained from a largest daily newspaper. A B C D
- Before the invention of the clock, people had to reliable on the celestial bodies to tell time. A B C D
- How many people remember listening to Orson Welles'1938 radio broadcast. "The War of A B C the Worlds," Which convince thousands that space aliens had invaded the Earth? D
- Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the nonprofessional A B C D metalworker.
- According to cognitive theories of emotion, anger occurs when individuals believe that they A have been harmed and that the harm was either avoidable and undeserved. B C D
- Jackie Mclean's recordings have shown that he is one of the few jazz musicians who style of A B playing has kept pace with the evolution of modern jazz. C D
- How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been A B C discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it. D
- A principle of manager is to ensure that every action or decision achieves a carefully planned goal. . A B C D
- A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten the lives. A B C D
- Classicism as a doctrine seeks what is universally truth and good. A B C D
- Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating a series of indicators that could A B C help themselves to predict earthquakes. D
- Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil A B C fertility, and decompose animal debris. D
- A common use with gold in the nineteenth century was as a standard for the value of money. A B C D
5.According to the passage. Bessie Smith was a A. singer B. music teacher C. band leader D. songwriter Text 2 In the late sixteenth century the glass lathe was introduced, making it possible to grind several lenses at once and also to produce-as objects of curiosity-powerful, thick concave lenses. Thin concave lenses had been used for more than a century, but thick concave lenses were now sold to people caught up with painting or visual illusions of perspective, who used them as "perspective glasses." Once the new lens became available, it suddenly became possible to see a rather interesting effect by combining two lenses. We now know that there are many different things that can be done with a pair of lenses. Both the Keplerian telescope and the microscope use combinations of perfectly focused convex lenses. The Galilean type of telescope began with the idea that as soon as you hold a powerful concave lens to the eye and a simple weak convex lens at arm’s length, the clock in the church tower jumps out at you. Many artisans from around the world enjoyed that illusion in the early 1600's, but it was two lens grinders from Middelburg in the Low Countries who first decided to market the telescope as a military invention, a device for spying on enemy armies. In fact, the telescope's narrow field of vision made it an unlikely spying device, but the two lens grinders thought they could sell it anyway. When the telescope was used militarily centuries later, it was used, not for spying, but for signaling.
- Which of the following is the main topic of this passage? A. Grass lathes B. Innovative signaling equipment C. Early uses of lenses D. Galileo and Kepler
- According to the passage the invention of the glass lathe made it possible to produce the first A. thin concave lenses B. thick concave lenses C. thin convex lenses D. thick convex lenses
- The passage indicates that convex lenses in combination were used in A. the Keplerican telescope and the microscope B. microscopes and perspective glasses C. perspective glasses and signaling D. the military telescope and the Keplerian telescope
9.The clause "the clock in the church tower jumps out at you" in lines 11 – 12 mentioned to illustrate the effect of a A. perspective glass B. Galilean telescope C. spying device D. Kepierian telescope
- Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the telescope developed in Middelburg? A. It was made without grinding lenses. B. It proved to Le valuable for military spying. C. Clockmakers around the world copied many of its features. D. Initial attempts at marketing it were not very successful. Text 3 The term "satellite city is used to describe the relationship between a large city and neighboring smaller cities and towns that are economically dependent upon it. Satellite cities may be collection and distribution points in the commercial linkages of a trading metropolis, or they may be manufacturing or mining centers existing with one-industry economics as the creatures of some nearby center. This latter form is what is generally meant when one uses the term "satellite city." Taken in this sense, nineteenth-century Chicopee and Lowell, Massachusetts, were satellites of Boston. Both were mill towns created by Boston investors to serve the economy of that New England metropolis. Located on cheap land along water-power sites in the midst of a farming region that could supply ample labor, they were satellites in the fullest sense of the term. Pullman, Illinois, and Gary, Indiana, were likewise one-industry towns created in conjunction with the much broader economy of nearby Chicago. Such places, as Vera Schlakman and Stanley Buder have pointed out in their excellent urban biographies, had a one-dimensional quality, a paucity of social vigor. These cities could not stand alone; they were in a sense colonies of a multifunctional mother city.
- Which of the following is characteristic of a satellite city? A. It is a self-sufficient community. B. It offers cheap land to people. C. It tends to concentrate on a single product. D. It lies within a space station orbiting Earth.
- According to the passage, Chicopee and Lowell were ideal locations for the development of towns because they had A. fully developed electric power plants B. an adequate number of workers C. farmland that would not be flooded
- According to the passage, what have scientists been testing? A. How to locate abandoned mines B. The disposal of toxic wastes C. The growth potential of certain plants D. How to convert refuse into useable energy
- How many kinds of plants did the scientists test? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Eight
- According to the passage, what did researchers do to prepare the area. A. They ground up the rocks B. They added some topsoil. C. They added fertilizer D. They refused to do anything..
- What happened during the first year of the study A. The grasses became well established. B. Weeds took over the area. C. The soil became too acidic. D. Plants were unable to grow. Text 5 When the persuading and the planning for the Western railroads had finally been completed, the really challenging task remained: the dangerous, sweaty, backbreaking, brawling business of actually building the lines. The men who took it on comprised the most cosmopolitan work crew in American history. They included Civil War veteran and freed slaves, Irish and German immigrants. Mormons and atheists. Shoshonis. Palutes, Washos, and Chinese. At the peak of their labors, the work crews laid two to five miles of track a day. The men filled ravines, ran spidery trestles across rivers and valleys, and punched holes through mountains. And they did all these jobs largely by their own muscle power. Flaicars carried rails to within half a mile of the railhead; there the iron was loaded onto carts. An eyewitness described the procedure: 'A light car, drawn by a single horse, gallops up to the front with its load of rails. Two men seize the end of a rail and start forward, the rest of the gang taking hold by twos until it is clear of the car. They come forward at a run. At the word of command, the rail is dropped in its place, right side up Less than thirty seconds to a rail for each gang, and so four rails go down to the minute.'
- Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. An Eyewitness Report
B. A Difficult Task C. The Hiring of a Construction Crew D. The Railroad and the Civil War
- According to the passage, in addition to laying railroad track, the work crew did which of the following? A. Climbed over mountain peaks. B. Planned railroads. C. Caught horses. D. Made tunnels.
- In line 8, the word "they" refers to A. men B. valleys C. mountains D. jobs
- Which of the following phrases could be substituted for the phrase "clear of" (line 12) without changing the meaning of the sentence? A. put through B. visible to C. away from D. open to
- According to the passage, how many rails could be laid in a minute? A. Two B. Four C. Five D. Thirty Text 6 Just how salt became so crucial to our metabolism is a mystery; one appealing theory traces our dependence on it to the chemistry of the late Cambrian seas. It was there, a half - billion years ago, that tiny metazoan organisms first evolved systems for sequestering and circulating fluids. The water of the early oceans might thus have become the chemical prototype for the fluids of all animal life-the medium in which cellular operations could continue no matter how the external environment changed. This speculation is based on the fact that, even today, the blood serums of radically divergent species are remarkably similar. Lizards, platypuses, sheep, and humans could hardly be more different in anatomy or eating habits, yet the salt content in the fluid surrounding their blood cells is virtually identical. As early marine species made their way to freshwater and eventually to dry land, sodium remained a key ingredient of their interior, if not their exterior, milieu. The most successful mammalian species would have been those that developed efficient hormonal systems for maintaining the needed sodium concentrations. The human body, for example, uses the hormones rennin, angiotensin, and aldosterone to retain or release tissue fluids and
For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present. Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish - brown to sand - color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber - shaped - hence their name - and because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents. Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate - feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in s short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence. But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.
- What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The reason for the sea cucumber's name B. What makes the sea cucumber unusual C. How to identify the sea cucumber D. Places where the sea cucumber can be found 32 In line 3, the word "bizarre" is closest meaning to A. odd B. marine C. simple D. rare
- According to the Passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important? A. It helps them to digest their food B. It helps them to protect themselves from danger. C. It makes it easier for them to move through the mud. D. It makes them attractive to fish.
- The words "this faculty" in line20 refer to the sea cucumber's ability to A. squeeze into crevices B. devour all available food in a short time C. suck up mud or sand D. live at a low metabolic rate
- The fourth paragraph of the passage Primarily discusses A. the reproduction of sea cucumbers
B. the food sources of sea cucumbers C. the eating habits of sea cucumbers D. threats to sea cucumbers' existence
- The phrase "casts off" in line 24 is closest in meaning to A. grows again B. grabs C. gets rid of D. uses as a weapon
- Of all the characteristics of the sea cucumber, which of the following seems to fascinate the author most? A. What it does when threatened. B. Where it lives C. How it hides from predators D. What it eats.
- Compared with other sea creatures the sea cucumber is very A. dangerous B. intelligent C. strange D. fat
- What can be inferred about the defense mechanisms of the sea cucumber? A. They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli. B. They are almost useless. C. They require group cooperation. D. They are similar to those of most sea creatures.
- Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water? A. A touch B. Food C. Unusually warm water D. Pollution
