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Engineering Economy Refresher: Optimizing Costs and Investments - Prof. Muyargas, Cheat Sheet of Economics

A comprehensive refresher on engineering economy principles, covering topics such as ordinary annuities, depreciation methods, replacement analysis, and investment comparisons. It presents various scenarios and problems with detailed solutions, offering practical insights into cost optimization and investment decision-making in engineering projects.

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2023/2024

Uploaded on 10/24/2024

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Engineering Economy Refresher:
Optimizing Costs and Investments
Engineering Economy Refresher SET
Situation 1: Ordinary Annuity
Compute the number of tons that the multinational ice plant company
must be able to sell per year to break even based on the following data:
Cost of electricity = P 20,000.00
Tax to be paid per ton = P 2,000
Real estate tax per year = P 3.5 million
Salaries and wages = P 25 million
Other expenses = P 12 million
Selling price of ice = P 55 per kg.
The correct answer is c. 986 tons.
A certain water works system in Singapore costs P 600 million and in
20 years it will have depreciated P 400 million in value. If the annual
interest on bond is 5% and the local interest is fixed at 8% yearly and if
the annual operating expenses amounted to P 80 million, what must be
the charge per million cu m per year?
The correct answer is a. P 33.93.
Find the nominal rate which if compounded quarterly is equivalent to
6.5% compounded semi-annually.
The correct answer is b. 6.448%.
An engineer promised to pay P 36,000 at the end of 90 days. He was
offered 10% discount if he pays in 30 days. Find the rate of interest.
The correct answer is c. 51.6%.
The pensionnaire will receive P 5,000 per week at the rest of his/her
life. If the social security agency has a contribution of 6.5% per year
and compounded weekly, what is the present worth of that financial
benefit?
The correct answer is d. P 6.5 million.
An urban bank has a mortgage offers of 12% compounded continuously.
What is the effective annual interest?
The correct answer is b. 12.55%.
Which of the following is not described by the bond value?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1.
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Engineering Economy Refresher:

Optimizing Costs and Investments

Engineering Economy Refresher SET

Situation 1: Ordinary Annuity

Compute the number of tons that the multinational ice plant company must be able to sell per year to break even based on the following data: Cost of electricity = P 20,000. Tax to be paid per ton = P 2, Real estate tax per year = P 3.5 million Salaries and wages = P 25 million Other expenses = P 12 million Selling price of ice = P 55 per kg. The correct answer is c. 986 tons. A certain water works system in Singapore costs P 600 million and in 20 years it will have depreciated P 400 million in value. If the annual interest on bond is 5% and the local interest is fixed at 8% yearly and if the annual operating expenses amounted to P 80 million, what must be the charge per million cu m per year? The correct answer is a. P 33.93. Find the nominal rate which if compounded quarterly is equivalent to 6.5% compounded semi-annually. The correct answer is b. 6.448%. An engineer promised to pay P 36,000 at the end of 90 days. He was offered 10% discount if he pays in 30 days. Find the rate of interest. The correct answer is c. 51.6%. The pensionnaire will receive P 5,000 per week at the rest of his/her life. If the social security agency has a contribution of 6.5% per year and compounded weekly, what is the present worth of that financial benefit? The correct answer is d. P 6.5 million. An urban bank has a mortgage offers of 12% compounded continuously. What is the effective annual interest? The correct answer is b. 12.55%. Which of the following is not described by the bond value?

The correct answer is d. provides excellent commercial value. Compute the sinking fund factor for a nominal rate of 6% compounded semi-quarterly for 8 years in an ordinary annuity. The correct answer is c. 0.0122. Compute the present worth factor for a nominal rate of 6% compounded semi-quarterly for 8 years in an ordinary annuity. The correct answer is b. 50.68. Compute the capital recovery factor for a nominal rate of 6% compounded semi-quarterly for 8 years in an ordinary annuity. The correct answer is b. 0.0197. A parent on the day of the child is born wishes to determine what lump sum would have to be paid into an account annually, in order to withdraw P 20,000.00 each on the child's 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st birthdays. The correct answer is a. P 35,941.73. The profit on a product selling for P 82.00 is 10% of the selling price. What percentage increase in production cost will reduce the profit by 60%? The correct answer is d. 7.76%. An engineering firm purchased a second-hand truck for P 530,000 and paid P 15,000 for freight and taxes to the job site. The equipment has a normal life of 10 years with a trade-in value of P 50,000 against the purchase of a new equipment at the end of the life. Determine the annual depreciation cost by the straight-line method. The correct answer is a. P 50,900. Which of the following is not a type of negotiable instrument? The correct answer is d. Coupon. An item is purchased for P 100,000. Annual cost is P 18,000. Using an interest rate of 8%, what is the capitalized cost of the perpetual service? The correct answer is d. P 325,000.

Situation 2: Replacement Analysis

Compute the annual cost of the old machine. The correct answer is b. P 1.4 million.

A machine costing P 45,000 is estimated to have a salvage value of P 4,350 when retired at the end of 6 years. Depreciation cost is computed using a constant percentage of the declining book value. What is the annual rate of depreciation in percent? The correct answer is a. 33.25%. A loan of P 2,000 is made for a period of 13 months, from July 1 to July 31 the following year, at a simple interest of 20%. The correct answer is c. P 2,433. A telecoms firm purchased infrared equipment for P 6 million. Freight and installation charges amounted to 3% of the purchased price. If the equipment shall be depreciated over a period of 8 years with a salvage value of 5%, determine the depreciation using the sum of years digit method. The correct answer is a. P 618,125. How long will it take money to quadruple if it earns 7% compounded semi-annually? The correct answer is a. 26.55 years.

Situation 5: Comparative Analysis of Investment Plans

Determine the annual cost after 6 years for Plan S. The correct answer is c. P 66k. Find the present worth cost for Plan R. The correct answer is a. P 922k. Compute the equivalent uniform annual cost. The correct answer is a. P 133,900. An android phone costs P 2,000 today. If inflation is 6% per year and interest is 10% per year, what will be the appropriate future value of the machine adjusted for inflation in 5 years? The correct answer is d. P 4,310. An asset was purchased for P 100,000 and retired at the end of 15 years with a salvage value of P 4,000. The annual operating cost was P 18,000. Determine the capitalized cost of the asset based on an interest rate of 8%. The correct answer is a. P 369,195. Which of the following countries is not a member of the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)?

The correct answer is c. Mexico. The cost to equip a condo unit with CCTV cameras is P 50,000. If the interest rate is 15% per year and it has a life of 6 years, find the equivalent annual cost. The correct answer is a. P 18,150. Which of the following products is not considered as sales tax? The correct answer is c. Groceries. An oil refinery has decided to purchase new drilling equipment for P 550,000. The equipment will be kept for 10 years before being sold. The estimated salvage value for depreciation purposes is P 25,000. If Straight Line depreciation is used and the equipment is sold for P 35,000 at the end of 10 years, the taxable gain on the disposal of the equipment is The correct answer is d. P 10,000. The fixed costs incurred by a small genetics research lab are P 200, per year. Variable costs are 60% of the annual revenue. If annual revenue is P 300,000, the annual profit/loss is most nearly which answer below? The correct answer is a. P 66,000 profit. A nominal interest of 3% compounded continuously is given on the account. What is the accumulated amount of P 10,000 after 10 years? The correct answer is a. P 13,498.60. The risk premium is 0.04, and it is considered to be constant through time. Riskless investments may now be purchased to yield 0.06 (6%). If the project's beta (β) is 1.5, what is the expected return for this investment? The correct answer is a. 0.15. A fund for replacement of a machinery in a plant must have P 3 million at the end of 9 years. An equal deposit of P 296,500 was made on the fund at the end of each 6 months for 4 years only. How much is the rate of the fund invested if it is compounded semi-annually? The correct answer is c. 5.5%. A sum of P 1,000.00 is invested now and left for 8 years, at which time the principal is withdrawn. The interest has accrued is left for another 8 years. If the effective annual interest rate is 5%, what will be the withdrawn amount at the end of the 16th year? The correct answer is c. P 819.57.