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EMT Basic AAOS Chapters 1-20 Exam With 100% Correct Answers advanced EMT (AEMT) - Answer ✔️✔️-An individual who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications
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advanced EMT (AEMT) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -An individual who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications advanced life support (ALS) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Comprehensive legislation that is designed to protect individuals with disabilities against discrimination automated external defibrillator (AED) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A device that detects treatable life- threatening cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient certification - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care continuous quality improvement (CQI) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system emergency medical dispatch (EMD) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to a particular call for assistance and in providing callers with vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews emergency medical responder (EMR) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The first trained individual, such as a police officer, fire fighter, lifeguard, or other rescuer, to arrive at the scene of an emergency to provide initial medical assistance
emergency medical services (EMS) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals and agencies to provide prehospital emergency care to the sick and injured emergency medical technician (EMT) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -An individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Federal legislation passed in 1996, Its main effect in EMS is in limiting availability of patients' health care information and penalizing violations of patient privacy intravenous (IV) therapy - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The delivery of medication directly into a vein licensure - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The process whereby a state allows individuals to perform a regulated act medical control - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program medical director - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field National EMS Scope of Practice Model - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers paramedic - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills primary prevention - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring primary service area (PSA) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The designated area in which the EMS service is responsible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital
delayed stress reactions - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Reactions to stress that occurs after a stressful situation. designated officer - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues. direct contact - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact. exposure - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur. foodborne transmission - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease. general adaptation syndrome - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The body's response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion. hepatitis - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers. host - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent. immune - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease. indirect contact - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object. infection - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.
infection control - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel. infectious disease - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace. pathogen - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host. personal protective equipment (PPE) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Protective equipment that OSHA requires to be made available to the EMT. In the case of infection risk, PPE blocks entry of an organism into the body. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. This delayed reaction is often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident. transmission - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors. standard precautions - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, or other potential exposure risks of communicable disease. vector-borne transmission - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another. abandonment - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient's consent and without making provisions for transferring care to another medical professional with the skills and training necessary to meet the needs of the patient
dependent lividity - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of the skin depositions - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Oral questions asked of parties and witnesses under oath discovery - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The phase of a civil suit where the plaintiff and defense obtain information from each other that will enable the attorneys to have a better understanding of the case, which will assist them in negotiating a possible settlement or in preparing for trial Discovery includes depositions - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -interrogatories, and demands for production of records do not resuscitate (DNR) orders - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Written documentation by a physician giving permission to medical personnel to not attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest durable power of attorney for health care - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision-making capacity duty to act - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A medicolegal term relating to certain personnel who either by statute or by function have a responsibility to provide care emancipated minors - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A person who is under the legal age in a given state but, because of other circumstances, is legally considered an adult emergency - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A serious situation, such as injury or illness, that threatens the life or welfare of a person or group of people and requires immediate intervention emergency doctrine - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The principle of law that permits a health care provider to treat a patient in an emergency situation when the patient is incapable of granting consent because of an altered level of consciousness, disability, the effects of drugs or alcohol, or the patient's age emergency medical care - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Immediate care or treatment
ethics - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The philosophy of right and wrong, of moral duties, and of ideal professional behavior expressed consent - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A type of consent in which a patient gives express authorization for provision of care or transport false imprisonment - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The confinement of a person without legal authority or the person's consent forcible restraint - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The act of physically preventing an individual from initiating any physical action Good Samaritan laws - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Statutory provisions enacted by many states to protect citizens from liability for errors and omissions in giving good faith emergency medical care, unless there is wanton, gross, or willful negligence governmental immunity - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -If your service is covered by immunity, it may mean that you cannot be sued or it may limit the amount of the monetary judgment that the plaintiff may recover; generally applies only to EMS services that are operated by municipalities or other governmental entities gross negligence - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Conduct that constitutes a willful or reckless disregard for a duty or standard of care health care directive - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A written document that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient, should he or she become unable to make decisions, Also known as an advance directive or a living will health care proxies - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision-making capacity, Also known as a durable power of attorney for health care implied consent - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that he or she would want treatment
protected health information (PHI) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Any information about health status, provision of health care, or payment for health care that can be linked to an individual, This is interpreted rather broadly and includes any part of a patient's medical record or payment history proximate causation - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -When a person who has a duty abuses it, and causes harm to another individual; the EMT, the agency, and/or the medical director may be sued for negligence punitive damages - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Damages that are sometimes awarded in a civil suit when the conduct of the defendant was intentional or constituted a reckless disregard for the safety of the public putrefaction - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Decomposition of body tissues res ipsa loquitor - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -When the EMT or an EMS service is held liable even when the plaintiff is unable to clearly demonstrate how an injury occurred rigor mortis - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Stiffening of the body; a definitive sign of death scope of practice - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Most commonly defined by state law; outlines the care you are able to provide for the patient slander - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -False and damaging information about a person that is communicated by the spoken word standard of care - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm statute of limitations - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The time within which a case must be commenced tort - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A wrongful act that gives rise to a civil suit base station - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed place.
cellular telephone - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A low-power portable radio that communicates through an interconnected series of repeater stations called "cells". channel - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -An assigned frequency or frequencies that are used to carry voice and/or data communications. close-ended questions - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Questions that can be answered in short or single word responses. communication - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The transmission of information to another person-verbally or through body language. cultural imposition - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -When one person imposes his or her beliefs, values, and practices on another because he or she believes his or her ideals are superior. dedicated line - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A special telephone line that is used for specific point-to-point communications; also known as a "hot line". documentation - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The written portion of the EMT's patient interaction. This becomes part of the patient's permanent medical record. duplex - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The ability to transmit and receive simultaneously. ethnocentrism - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -When a person considers his or her own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The federal agency that has jurisdiction over interstate and international telephone and telegraph services and satellite communications, all of which may involve EMS activity. MED channels - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -VHF and UHF channels that the Federal Communications Commission has designated exclusively for EMS use. mobile data terminals (MDT) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Small computer terminals inside ambulances that directly receive data from the dispatch center. noise - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Anything that dampens or obscures the true meaning of a message.
trunking - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Telecommunication systems that allow a computer to maximize utilization of a group of frequencies. UHF (ultra-high frequency) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Radio frequencies between 300 and 3,000 MHz. VHF (very high frequency) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Radio frequencies between 30 and 300 MHz; the VHF spectrum is further divided into "high" and "low" bands. ??V/Q ratio - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A measurement that examines how much gas is being moved effectively and how much blood is gaining access to the alveoli. abdomen - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion and excretion. It is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis. abduction - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Motion of a limb away from the midline. acetabulum - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly. Adam's apple - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The firm prominence in the upper part of the larynx formed by the thyroid cartilage. It is more prominent in men than in women. adduction - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Motion of a limb toward the midline. adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy. adrenal glands - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system. adrenergic - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline (such as adrenergic nerves, adrenergic response). The term also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine, that is, the adrenergic receptors. aerobic metabolism - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.
agonal respirations - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Slow, shallow, irregular respirations or occasional gasping breaths; sometimes seen in dying patients. alpha-adrenergic receptors - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels. alveoli - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. anaerobic metabolism - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the principle product is lactic acid. anatomic position - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The position of reference in which the patient stands facing you, arms at the side, with the palms of the hands forward. anterior - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The front surface of the body; the side facing you in the standard anatomic position. aorta - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body. apex (plural apices) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The pointed extremity of a conical structure. apneustic center - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Portion of the pons that increases the length of inspiration and decreases the respiratory rate. appendicular skeleton - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The portion of the skeletal system that comprises the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder girdle. appendix - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A small tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of the cecum in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. arterioles - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries.
capillary vessels - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The tiny blood vessels between the arterioles and venules that permit transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between body tissues and the blood. cardiac muscle - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The heart muscle. carotid artery - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The major artery that supplies blood to the head and brain. cartilage - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The support structure of the skeletal system that provides cushioning between bones; also forms the nasal septum and portions of the outer ear. cecum - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The first part of the large intestine, into which the ileum opens. central nervous system (CNS) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The brain and spinal cord. cerebellum - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -One of the three major subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the "little brain"; coordinates the various activities of the brain, particularly fine body movements. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges. cerebrum - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The largest part of the three subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the "gray matter"; made up of several lobes that control movement, hearing, balance, speech, visual perception, emotions, and personality. cervical spine - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The portion of the spinal column consisting of the first seven vertebrae that lie in the neck. chordae tendineae - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Thin bands of fibrous tissue that attach to the valves in the heart and prevent them from inverting. chyme - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The name of the substance that leaves the stomach. It is a combination of all of the eaten foods with added stomach acids.
circulatory system - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The complex arrangement of connected tubes, including the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins, that moves blood, oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste throughout the body. clavicle - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The collarbone; it is lateral to the sternum and anterior to the scapula. coccyx - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The last three or four vertebrae of the spine; the tailbone. coronal plane - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -An imaginary plane where the body is cut into front and back parts. cranium - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The area of the head above the ears and eyes; the skull. The cranium contains the brain. cricoid cartilage - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A firm ridge of cartilage that forms the lower part of the larynx. cricothyroid membrane - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A thin sheet of fascia that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilages that make up the larynx. dead space - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The portion of the tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli and thus does not participate in gas exchange. deep - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Further inside the body and away from the skin. dermis - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels. diaphragm - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A muscular dome that forms the undersurface of the thorax, separating the chest from the abdominal cavity. Contraction of the diaphragm (and the chest wall muscles) brings air into the lungs. Relaxation allows air to be expelled from the lungs. diastole - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The relaxation, or period of relaxation, of the heart, especially of the ventricles. diffusion - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. digestion - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The processing of food that nourishes the individual cells of the body.
fallopian tubes - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The tubes that connect each ovary with the uterus and are the primary location for fertilization of the ovum. femoral artery - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The principal artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, and legs. It can be palpated in the groin area. femoral head - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The proximal end of the femur, articulating with the acetabulum to form the hip joint. femur - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The thighbone; the longest and one of the strongest bones in the body. flex - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -To bend. flexion - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The bending of a joint. foramen magnum - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord. gallbladder - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A sac on the undersurface of the liver that collects bile from the liver and discharges it into the duodenum through the common bile duct. genital system - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The reproductive system in males and females. germinal layer - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are formed. greater trochanter - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of the thigh, just below the hip joint. hair follicles - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The small organs that produce hair. heart - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. heart rate - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The number of heartbeats during a specific time.
Hering-Breuer reflex - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A protective mechanism that terminates inhalation, thus preventing overexpansion of the lungs. hinge joints - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Joints that can bend and straighten but cannot rotate; they restrict motion to one plane. hormones - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Substances formed in specialized organs or glands and carried to another organ or group of cells in the same organism. Hormones regulate many body functions, including metabolism, growth, and body temperature. humerus - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The supporting bone of the upper arm. hydrostatic pressure - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The pressure of water against the walls of its container. hypoxic drive - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A "backup system" to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood. ilium - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -One of three bones that fuse to form the pelvic ring. inferior - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The part of the body or any body part nearer to the feet. inferior vena cava - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -One of the two largest veins in the body; carries blood from the lower extremities and the pelvic and the abdominal organs to the heart. inspiratory reserve volume - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation; the amount of air that can be inhaled in addition to the normal tidal volume. interstitial space - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The space in between the cells. involuntary muscle - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The muscle over which a person has no conscious control. It is found in many automatic regulating systems of the body. ischium - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -One of three bones that fuse to form the pelvic ring. joint - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The place where two bones come into contact. joint capsule - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The fibrous sac that encloses a joint.