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EMT AAOS 07 PHARMA SOLUTICOLOONGY S!EXA! M WITH COMPLETE
absorption - ANSWER The process by which medications travel through body tissuesuntil they reach the bloodstream.
action - ANSWER The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body. activated charcoal - ANSWER An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxinsin the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. Charcoal is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surfacearea for binding medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit. adsorption - ANSWER The process of binding or sticking to a surface. agonist - ANSWER A medication that causes stimulation of receptors. antagonist - ANSWER A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks othermedications.
aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) - ANSWER A medication that is an antipyretic(reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping). contraindications - ANSWER Conditions that make a particular medication or treatmentinappropriate; for example, a condition in which a medication should not be given because it would not help or may actually harm a patient. dose - ANSWER The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient's size and
age. EMT-administered medication - ANSWER When the EMT directly administers themedication to the patient.
enteral medications - ANSWER Medications that enter the body through the digestivesystem.
epinephrine - ANSWER A substance produced by the body (commonly calledadrenaline), and a drug produced by pharmaceutical companies that increases pulse rate and blood pressure; the drug of choice for an anaphylactic reaction. gel - ANSWER A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form orthrough plastic tubes.
generic name - ANSWER The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast withone of its "trade names"); the name is not capitalized.
hypoglycemia - ANSWER A condition characterized by a low blood glucose level. indications - ANSWER The therapeutic uses for a specific medication. inhalation - ANSWER Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route. intended effect - ANSWER The effect that a medication is expected to have on the body. intramuscular (IM) injection - ANSWER An injection into a muscle; a medication deliveryroute.
intranasal (IN) - ANSWER A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a
parenteral medications - ANSWER Medications that enter the body by a route other thanthe digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.
patient-assisted medication - ANSWER When the EMT assists the patient with theadministration of his or her own medication.
peer-assisted medication - ANSWER When the EMT adminsters medication to him orherself or to a partner.
per os (PO) - ANSWER Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral. per rectum (PR) - ANSWER Through the rectum; a medication delivery route. pharmacodynamics - ANSWER The process by which a medication works on the body. pharmacology - ANSWER The study of the properties and effects of medications. polypharmacy - ANSWER The simultaneous use of multiple medications by a patient astypically seen in elderly people.
prescription medications - ANSWER Medications that are distributed to patients only bypharmacists according to a physician's order.
side effects - ANSWER Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones. solution - ANSWER A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing themixture to stand.
subcutaneous (SC) injection - ANSWER Injection into the tissue between the skin andmuscle; a medication delivery route.
sublingual (SL) - ANSWER Under the tongue; a medication delivery route. suspension - ANSWER A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenlythroughout a liquid but do not dissolve.
topical medications - ANSWER Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to thesurface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.
trade name - ANSWER The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; thename is capitalized.
transcutaneous (transdermal) - ANSWER Through the skin; a medication delivery route. unintended effect - ANSWER Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to thepatient.
untoward effects - ANSWER Actions that can be harmful to the patient.
