Download Discharge Rate of SA Node - Application of Biological Sciences - Past Exam and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Autumn Examinations 2011/ 2012
Exam Code(s) 1NG1,1NG2, 1NG3, 1BWS
Exam(s) Bachelor or Nursing Science (General)
Bachelor or Nursing Science (Psychiatry)
Bachelor or Nursing Science (Midwifery)
Student Name: _____________________________
Student ID Number: __________________________
Module Code(s) NU
Module(s) Biological Sciences I
Paper No. 2
Repeat Paper Yes
External Examiner(s) Robert Gallagher
Internal Examiner(s) Dr Siobhan McMahon, Dr Amir Shafat, Dr Nicole
Burns, Dr Ailish Hynes
Instructions: Please answer ALL questions on a separate MCQ answer
sheet. Only one correct answer per question
You must insert your name and ID number in the space
provided above
You must return this paper with your answer sheet
Duration 2 hours
No. of Pages 8
Discipline(s) School of Nursing and Midwifery
Course Co-ordinator(s) Dr Karen Doyle, Dr Catherine Houghton
Requirements :
MCQ Answer sheet: Yes Release to Library: No
1) The discharge rate of the SA node is a) increased by parasympathetic stimulation. b) decreased by sympathetic stimulation. c) increased by acetylcholine. d) increased by epinephrine. e) None of the choices are correct.
- During isovolumetric ventricular contraction , a) rapid filling of the ventricles occurs. b) no blood enters or leaves the ventricles. c) the maximum volume of blood is ejected. d) ventricular pressure is at a maximum. e) none of these things would occur. 3) The aortic valve a) prevents the backflow of blood into the aorta during ventricular diastole. b) prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle during ventricular diastole. c) prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle during ventricular ejection d) prevents the backflow of blood into the aorta during ventricular ejection. e) closes when the first heart sound is heard. 4) Cardiac output is the a) volume of blood pumped per minute by both ventricles. b) volume of blood flowing through the systemic circulation each minute. c) the sum of the number of heartbeats per minute and the volume pumped per beat. d) both volume of blood pumped per minute by both ventricles and product of the number of heart beats per minute and the volume pumped per beat are correct. e) None of the above 5) The heart chamber having the greatest workload is the: a) right ventricles b) left ventricle c) left atrium d) right atrium e) middle ventrium
10) Blood travels from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the a) Aortic semilunar valve b) Pulmonary semilunar valve c) Mitral valve d) Tricuspid valve e) Fossa ovalis 11) Two main branches of the right coronary artery are the a) Circumflex branch and the left marginal branch b) Anterior interventricular branch and the left anterior descending artery c) Right marginal branch and the posterior interventricular branch d) Great and middle cardiac veins e) Anastomoses 12) The coronary sinus a) receives blood from the cardiac veins b) supplies blood to the left atrium c) lies in the posterior interventricular sulcus d) is one of the vessels most likely to suffer from blockage and cause a heart attack e) none of the above are true 13) Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory system? a) larynx b) trachea c) bronchi d) pharynx e) bronchioles 14) What region of the brain are the inspiratory and expiratory centers located within? a) Pons b) Cerebellum c) Medulla oblongata d) Cerebral hemispheres e) Midbrain
15) The membrane that covers the surface of the lungs is called the a) Visceral pleura b) Parietal pleura c) Peritoneum membrane d) Synovial membrane e) Pleural cavity 16) On the left side there is a medial indentation of the lung for the a) Spleen b) Diaphragm c) Heart d) Liver e) Kidney 17) During isovolumetric ventricular contraction, a) rapid filling of the ventricles occurs. b) no blood enters or leaves the ventricles. c) the maximum volume of blood is ejected. d) ventricular pressure is at a maximum. e) the SA and AV valves are open. 18) During the cardiac cycle a) the volume of blood leaving the left side of the heart is greater than that leaving the right side. b) the pressure of blood leaving the right side of the heart is greater than that leaving the left side. c) the duration of systole is greater than that of diastole d) the duration of diastole is greater than that of systole e) during isovolumetric ventricular relaxation, blood flows from the atria into the ventricles. 19) According to the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart a) the left ventricle ejects a larger volume of blood with each systole than the right ventricle. b) the intrinsic rate of the heart's pacemaker is 100 beats/min. c) cardiac output increases with increased heart rate. d) stroke volume increases with increased venous return. e) both ventricles contract simultaneously. 20) Which of the following occurs first in hemostasis? a) activation of the fibrinolytic system b) platelet aggregation c) a clotting cascade that leads to the conversion of fibrinogen to stable fibrin d) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin e) conversion of plasminogen to plasmin
27) During expiration…. a) The intra pleural pressure is positive b) The external intercostal muscles are active c) The alveolar pressure is negative d) 150ml of air is normally moved out of the lungs e) None of the above statements are true 28) A patient has a tidal volume of 400ml and a respiration rate of 15 breaths per minute with a dead space of 300ml. His alveolar ventilation rate is a) 6000ml b) 5700ml c) 1500ml d) 4500ml e) Not possible to calculate from this values given 29) Select the correct statement a) Total cellular oxygen consumption at rest is normally equal to the amount of oxygen that enters enters the alveoli per minute b) At rest on a mixed diet approximately 200ml CO2 is produced for every 250ml O2 consumed c) On a high carbohydrate diet the respiratory quotient will be approximately 0. d) Normally at rest more carbon dioxide is produced that oxygen consumed e) A high fat diet increases the respiratory quotient 30) The following are the results of blood gas analysis on five patients which one has normal blood gas values (Pa = partial pressure in arterial blood: Pv = partial pressure in venous blood) a) PaO2 = 100, PvO2 = 40, Pa CO2 = 40, PvCO2 = 46 b) PaO2 = 46, PvO2 = 40, Pa CO2 = 40, PvCO2 = 100 c) PaO2 = 100, PvO2 = 45, Pa CO2 = 40, PvCO2 = 46 d) PaO2 = 100, PvO2 = 40, Pa CO2 = 46, PvCO2 = 100 e) None of the above 31) Which of the following factors will result in the shifting of the oxygen dissociation curve to the right hand side a) Alkaline conditions b) A decrease in temperature c) Decreased metabolism d) High PCO e) Hypoxia
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32) A patient has the following blood results pH 7.2, PaCO2 40, HCO3- 20. Based on these results this patient a) Is suffering from respiratory acidosis b) Is suffering from metabolic acidosis c) Is normal d) Is suffering from pneumonia e) It is impossible to tell from these results 33) The vital capacity a) Is normally approximately 25% of total lung capacity b) Will be increased in emphysema c) Will be increased in Pregnancy d) Cannot be measured using conventional spirometry e) Is normally approximately 4.8L 34) The functional residual capacity is a) The volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a forced expiration b) Approximately equal to 4.8L c) Normally measured using the vitalograph d) Increased in emphysema e) Increased pulmonary fibrosis 35) The rhythm generator responsible for the basic respiratory pattern is located in a) The pons b) The medulla c) The cerebrum d) The aortic arch e) The carotid arch 36) The increased ventilatory response to acute hypercapnia is a) Mediated mainly by the peripheral chemoreceptors b) Due to increased hydrogen ions in the blood c) Only activated when the PCO2 increased above 60mmHg d) A result of increased medullary respiratory center activity e) All of the above
