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Nouns: Definition, Compound, Plural, Proper & Common, Possessive Forms, Schemes and Mind Maps of Grammar and Composition

Northwestern University of the Philippines (NWUP)Grammar and Composition

This handout provides a comprehensive overview of different types of nouns, including their definition, compound forms, plural forms, proper and common uses, and possessive forms. It also includes examples and guidelines for writing and pronouncing compound nouns, as well as a chart comparing common and proper nouns.

What you will learn

  • What is the definition of a noun?
  • What is the difference between common and proper nouns?
  • How are compound nouns formed and written?

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2021/2022

Uploaded on 08/05/2022

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Handout 1.1
1
Nouns
I- Definition
A noun is a word used to name a person: Mr. Vasilis, an animal: dog, a place: Notting Hill, a
thing: bag, or an abstract idea: freedom.
II- Compound nouns
1- Definition
A compound noun is a noun made up of two or more words.
2- How to form it
Compound nouns are usually formed by nouns modified by another noun, adjective, verb or
preposition.
Noun + noun: toothpaste
Adjective + noun: blackboard
Verb + noun: swimming pool
Preposition + noun: underground
Compound nouns can also be formed by:
Adjective + verb: dry-cleaning
Preposition + verb: output
3- How to write it
The two parts of a compound noun can be written in several ways:
They can be joined together: toothpaste
They can be joined with a hyphen: check-in
They can appear as two separate words: full moon
III- Plural of nouns
1- Add “s” to form the plural of most nouns: noun nouns, book Books
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Nouns

I- Definition A noun is a word used to name a person: Mr. Vasilis , an animal: dog , a place: Notting Hill , a thing: bag , or an abstract idea: freedom.

II- Compound nouns 1- Definition A compound noun is a noun made up of two or more words. 2- How to form it Compound nouns are usually formed by nouns modified by another noun , adjective , verb or preposition. Noun + noun: toothpaste Adjective + noun: blackboard Verb + noun: swimming pool Preposition + noun: underground

Compound nouns can also be formed by: Adjective + verb: dry-cleaning Preposition + verb: output 3- How to write it The two parts of a compound noun can be written in several ways:  They can be joined together: toothpaste  They can be joined with a hyphen: check-in  They can appear as two separate words: full moon III- Plural of nouns 1- Add “ s ” to form the plural of most nouns: noun  nouns, book  Books

2- Add “ es ” when the singular noun ends in s , ch , sh , x or z : church  churches 3- Switch the “ y ” to “ i ” and add “ es ” when the noun ends in y and has a consonant before it: baby  babies. 4- Change the “ f” into “ v” in some of the nouns ending in “ f ” or “ f e”, and add “ s ” or “ es ”: thief  thieves. 5- Some nouns do not change at all in the plural: sheep  sheep 6- Some nouns change completely: child  children IV- Proper and common nouns 1- Proper nouns A proper noun has two distinctive features:  It names a specific item, usually one-of-kind  It begins with a Capital letter no matter where it comes in a sentence. Example: We met Jack in the market. 2- Common nouns A common noun names general items. Common nouns are general names. They are not capitalized unless they begin a sentence Example of a common and a proper noun: Charlie had wanted an easy teacher (common noun) for his composition class, but he got Mrs. Hacket (proper noun) , whose short temper and unreasonable demands made the semester a torture. Chart of common versus proper nouns Common Proper waterfall Niagara Falls man Tony month April cereal Kellok’s holiday Easter doctor Doctor Farah city New York restaurant Healthy Dinner