Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

D027 REVISION EXAM QUESTIONS COMPREHENSIVE UPDATED CORRECTLY ANSWERED, Exams of Nursing

Cheyney University of PennsylvaniaNursing

D027 REVISION EXAM QUESTIONS COMPREHENSIVE UPDATED CORRECTLY ANSWERED

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/24/2025

tizian-mwangi
tizian-mwangi šŸ‡ŗšŸ‡ø

3.8

(6)

7.7K documents

1 / 40

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1 / 40
D027 REVISION EXAM
QUESTIONS COMPREHENSIVE
UPDATED CORRECTLY
ANSWERED
1. A 23-year-old woman comes in for prenatal counseling. While completing
her family history, she reports her brother has cystic fibrosis. She does not
know if she is a carrier. She asks if her children will be affected by the
disease. What is an accurate way to determine the likelihood of this patient's
children being affected?: A genetic or a carrier test
2. A 31-year-old man comes into the office for an exam. He is 6' 5 " with a
high-pitched voice, and he has a moderate degree of mental impairment. It
is discovered upon exam that his body hair is sparse, his testes are small,
and he has gynecomastia.
Which genetic disorder should this patient be tested for?: kleinfelters
3. sign of becker muscle dystrophy in kids?: may begin to waddle, walk on
their toes or push their abdomen forward when walking
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28

Partial preview of the text

Download D027 REVISION EXAM QUESTIONS COMPREHENSIVE UPDATED CORRECTLY ANSWERED and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

D027 REVISION EXAM

QUESTIONS COMPREHENSIVE

UPDATED CORRECTLY

ANSWERED

  1. A 23-year-old woman comes in for prenatal counseling. While completing her family history, she reports her brother has cystic fibrosis. She does not know if she is a carrier. She asks if her children will be affected by the disease. What is an accurate way to determine the likelihood of this patient's children being affected?: A genetic or a carrier test
  2. A 31-year-old man comes into the office for an exam. He is 6' 5 " with a high-pitched voice, and he has a moderate degree of mental impairment. It is discovered upon exam that his body hair is sparse, his testes are small, and he has gynecomastia. Which genetic disorder should this patient be tested for?: kleinfelters
  3. sign of becker muscle dystrophy in kids?: may begin to waddle, walk on their toes or push their abdomen forward when walking
  1. A six-month-old female infant with failure to thrive comes in to the office with her parents. It is noticed upon exam that the patient has facial deformities and is jaundiced. A complete blood count (CBC) is ordered, which reveals anemia. When that patient's blood is examined under a microscope, the red blood cells appear small and abnormally shaped. A mutational analysis is ordered, and alpha thalassemia is diagnosed. What is the likelihood of incidence of these parent's future children having alpha thalassemia?: 100%
  2. A 64-year-old male truck driver comes in complaining of pain in his lower left calf. He states he drives eight to ten hours per day. Upon exam, swelling and mottled coloring are noted in the patient's calf. A D-dimer test is ordered and comes back positive. Which additional test should be ordered to confirm a diagnosis in this pa- tient?: Doppler U/S
  3. A 54-year-old man comes into a clinic for a routine visit. His initial BP is 148/92. After a recheck 15 minutes later, his BP is 140/90. He states he suffers from "white coat hypertension." He states he has no history of high blood pressure and no family history of high blood pressure. Which nursing intervention would assist this patient in receiving a clinical di- agnosis of hypertension?: Completing an ambulatory blood pressure assessment
  1. A 78-year-old man comes in with stable angina. He reports he has been having more angina recently. He is currently taking the following medications: lisinopril (Zestril), atorvastatin (Lipitor), aspirin, and nitrostat PRN for chest pain. He has a history of COPD with bronchospasm. His blood pressure is 145/88, and he has a pulse of 74. Which class of medications should be avoided for this patient?: BBs, BB contraindicated in pts w/ COPD/ asthma
  2. A 45-year-old Muslim woman presents to a clinic for an intervention for her type 2 diabetes. She is prescribed metformin (Glucophage) 500 mg BID. During a follow-up phone call a week later, it is discovered she has not been taking the metformin. A second visit is scheduled. During this visit, she states that she cannot take the medication as prescribed because it is Ramadan, a month-long period of religious observances. Due to her religious beliefs, she fasts from dawn to sunset. When the pharmacist told her to take metformin with breakfast and dinner, she decided not to start the medication due to her fasting. Which nursing intervention should be made for this patient?: Start metformin XR (Glucophage XR) 250 mg once a day and reevaluate after Ramadan
  3. A 45-year-old Jewish man is visiting a clinic for an adjustment of his diabetes medications. Though the patient is taking oral medications, his blood sugar levels continue to increase, and a decision is made to start him on in- sulin. Although the patient is comfortable with the concept of starting insulin, he is concerned with the formulation of the insulin saying, "I heard

insulin was made from pigs. If that is the case, I cannot take it due to my faith." Which response should be given to this patient?: While insulin did have porcine sources in the past, it is now synthetically made.

  1. A 45-year-old man reports his preference for natural methods of treating illness. He states he takes natural supplements that he orders from China to boost his health and well-being. One of the supplements he takes daily is red yeast rice. Which medication should be avoided with this patient's supplement?: Lovas- tatin (Mevacor), red yeast rice contains this
  2. A 40-year-old man presents to a clinic with an onset of a frequent cough. The patient states the cough started when he started his new blood pressure medication two weeks ago. The patient does not remember the name of the drug that was started. After a thorough assessment, it is determined the cough is not being caused by an infection. It is determined the likely cause of the frequent cough is the new blood pressure medication. Which medication is the likely cause of this patient's symptoms?: Lisinopril
  3. A 68-year-old female patient on a medical surgical floor received a dose of morphine (Duramorph) 30 minutes ago for postoperative pain into an IV in her left hand. She has been on the floor for two days and has received several doses of morphine over that time. The patient's call light is now lit. When the nurse goes into the room, the patient has several complaints.

findings are negative. The patient is not taking any medications, has no allergies to medicines, and has a negative past medical history. What is an appropriate first intervention for this patient?: Assess the patient's sleep hygiene and make recommendations.

  1. A 55-year-old male patient is on a medical floor for respite care. He is currently in hospice for end-stage pancreatic cancer. During assessment, a nurse notices that he is diaphoretic, moaning, and clutching his abdomen. He rates his pain at a nine out of ten. The nurse notes that his abdomen is distended, and he has rebound tenderness in all four quadrants. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?: Giving a dose of intravenous morphine (Duramorph)
  2. What fluid for nutrient changes/ osmolality changes?: 0.9 NS
  3. What fluid for hypernatremia, hyperchloremia, dehydration?: D5 or 0.45 NS
  4. what fluids for hyponatremia w/o fluid overload/edema?: 3% NS until Na 130
  5. Med uncomplicated peds otitis media?: Amoxicillin
  6. who is at risk for tay-sachs?: Ashkenazi Jews
  7. What is Tay-Sachs disease?: a dysfunctional enzyme causes an accumulation of lipids in the brain
  8. s/s of tay-sachs?: cherry red spot, loss of muscle control/ motor skills, vi- sion/hearing loss
  1. What is beta thalassemia?: Reduced or absent amounts of hemoglobin
  2. s/s of beta thalsemia?: yellow eyes, low BP, palpitaitons, pale, cold, SOB, high HR, growth delay
  3. bela thalsemia most common in what people?: Mediteranean and African people
  4. tx for beta thalsemia?: blood transfusions, Epogen
  5. how to check if couples at risk for having child w/ tay-sachs/ beta thalsemia?: genetic testing available
  6. color blindness determined by what gene?: OPN1MW, chrom 23, comes from mother
  7. what is Fragile X syndrome?: long break on X chromosome d/t folate deficien- cy
  8. s/s fragile X?: late onset 50+ y.o. developmental delays, learning disability, social/behavior issues, movement cogni- tion problems
  9. what is hemolytic anemia?: RBCs destroyed faster than theyre made
  10. Hemolytic anemia mostly affects who?: men
  11. s/s hemolytic anemia?: pale/ jaundice-enlarged spleen, dark urine, fever, weak, high HR, cardiac murmur
  1. What is toxic epidermal necrolysis?: Stevens Johnson w/ skin sloughing
  2. What is Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome?: a genetic condition in which symptoms resembling aging are manifested at a very early age; individuals live 10-15 years with associated heart disease and withering, but no hypertension, stroke, diabetes, or Alzheimer's
  3. assessment of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome?: height, weight, growth curve, hearing, vision, short, slow growth, alopecia, joint abnormalities, wrinkles, dryness, delayed tooth development
  4. tx Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome?: statins, nitro, NSAIDS, calcium, occupational/physical therapy
  5. what is hypothalamic hamartoma?: rare, benign tumors on the hypothalmus
  6. what do hypothalmic harmatomas cause?: laughing/ crying fits, cognitive/ mood/ behavior problems
  7. What is Kleinfelter Syndrome?: Occurs in men when they have an extra X chromosome
  8. s/s kleinfelter syndrome?: small testes, gynecomastia, female patterned pub- lic hair, long limbs, sparse body hair, high pitched voice, mental impairment
  1. what is Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)?: -most common type, progres- sive muscle degeneration, primarily in boys, first affects lower limb muscles then progresses to heart and lung dysfunction -deletion of the dystrophin gene
  2. sign of muscular dystrophy in children?: children start walking on their tip toes. larger than normal calf muscles
  3. What is Becker Muscular Dystrophy?: Mutated (rather than deleted) dys- trophin gene; less severe than DMD because some dystrophin is still produced, hips and pelvic region affected
  4. what is FSHD muscle dystrophy?: begins w/ facial and shoulder muscle weakness, inability to close eyes completely, cant whistle, drooping shoulders
  5. Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy: Proximal muscles of pelvis and shoulder initially affected, Progresses slowly
  6. Myotonic Muscle Dystrophy: People with this disorder often have prolonged muscle contractions (myotonia) and are not able to relax certain muscles after use. For example, a person may have difficulty releasing their grip on a doorknob or handle.
  7. What is systemic lupus erythenatosis?: inflammatory disease caused by the immune system attacking its own tissues
  8. s/s lupus?: -butterfly rash (dry, scaly rash on face/upper body)
  1. What is a vaso-occlusive crisis?: This is where your RBCs block flow to the point that tissues are O2 deprived, Extreme pain hands and feet, fever
  2. what is a splenic sequestrian?: RBCs block blood flow out of the speen, spleen swells, hypovolemic shock, heme levels drop, Seen on CT scan
  3. what is a aplastic crisis?: Diminished production and increased destruction of RBCs due to rapid red cell turnover, sudden pallor weakness, dropping of heme levels, reticulocytopenia
  4. tx for vaso-occlusive crisis?: IV fluids, IV analgesia, high flow O2, transfusions
  5. meds for vaso-occlusive crisis?: ibuprofan, IV analgesia hydroxyurea - makes RBCs bigger + rounder
  6. prevent sickle cell crisis?: hydration, dress warm, avoid cold weather, sleep, stress management, avoid high altitudes
  7. what is turner syndrome?: females. missing or deformed x chromosome, hearing loss, ear infection, language and articulation disorders, visual spatial and attentional problems, short, webbed neck, wide spaced nipples, infertility, heart defect
  8. What are X linked genes?: often found in men bc they only need one copy to express disease, women pass to their sons
  1. What is Alzeimers?: most cases of dementia, progressive symptoms worsen over time, brain shrinking dramatically, nerve cell death, tissue loss, plaques, tangles
  2. early onset alzheimers?: younger than 66 y.o.
  3. stages of alzheimers: mild-severe
  4. Meds for alzheimers: cholinesterase inhibitors?: donepezil, galantamine, rivastigimine - poor memory/judgement/thought processes, prevents breakdown of ach, delays worsening of symptoms
  5. Meds for alzheimers: N-Methyl-D-Asparate receptor antagonist?: Meman- tine - improve memory/attention/reasoning, regulate glutamate, improves mental funx
  6. what is asthma?: Constricting of the airway due to inflammation and muscular contraction of the bronchioles.
  7. s/s asthma?: dry cough, wheezing, chest pressure, high HR, throat irritation
  8. SABA: short acting beta agonist -ex. Albuterol
  9. ICS, inhaled corticosteroid: ex- fluticasone, budensonide, mometasone, be- clomethasone
  10. Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists: Montelukast (Singulair)
  11. Mast Cell Stabilizers: Cromolyn
  12. LABA: Bronchodilators:
  1. testing for celiac disease: Antibody test - IgA increased stomach endoscopy and duodenal biopsy
  2. Avoid BROW w/ celiac disease: barley, rye, oats, wheat
  3. What is cellulitis?: An acute, spreading infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissues
  4. tx cellulitis?: IV antx, PO antx, treat temp- compresses/ tylenol, wound drsgs
  5. what is right-sided CHF: caused by left side, dependent edema, weight gain, JVD, peripheral venous pressure
  6. what is left-sided CHF?: pulmonary congestion, SOB, crackles, wheezing, tachy, orthopnea, elevated pulmonary wedge pressure
  7. normal EF: 55-60%
  8. reduced EF: EF < 40% less O2 rich blood pumped throughout body
  9. Preserved EF: EF 40-49% ineffective relaxation during filling
  10. CHF testing: echo, BNP >
  11. stage 1 CKD: GFR >
  12. stage 2 CKD: GFR 60- 89
  13. stage 3 CKD: GFR 30- 59
  1. stage 4 CKD: GFR 15- 29
  2. stage 5 CKD: GFR <
  3. what is pneumonia?: inflammation of the lungs
  4. PNA causes: strep pna, flu A, chlamydiophila pna, mycoplasma pna
  5. s/s pna: cough w or w/o sputum, dyspnea, pleuritic chest, tachypnea, ad- ventitious b/s-rales, crackles, rhonchi, fever, chills, leukocytosis w/ leftward shift, leukopenia, can lead to sepsis, LOC, organ failure
  6. testing PNA?: CXR-pulm opacities-airspace/groundglass d/t WBC/ fluid accu- mulation viral-widespread whitening bacterial-patchy/consolidat ed blood tests=high ESR, CRP, procalcitonin sputum cultures, gram stain, BCs
  7. tx PNA?: ventilation, O2, deep breathing, coughing, chest physiotherapy, antx w/ in 4hr of presentation
  8. What is Crohn's disease?: A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract-small intestine
  9. who is at an increased risk of crohns?: ppl w/ atopic dermatitis and eczema
  1. testing for UC?: CBC, LFTs, BNP, ANA antibodies, ESR/CRP- inflammation, stool studies-WBCs, XR-r/o complications, CT scan
  2. meds to tx UC?: anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, immunosuppres- sants, diarrheals, antispasmodics, iron supplementation
  3. what is diaper dermatitis?: diaper rash
  4. s/s diaper rash?: irritation from stool/urine, chafing, new prodcut irritation, bacterial/fungal infection, intro of new foods, sensitive skin, antx
  5. tx diaper rash?: keep babys skin clean, frequently change diaper when need- ed, anti-fungal cream, topical/oral antx, mild hydrocortisone cream
  6. what is considered htn?: SBP >130, DBP >
  7. best way to measure BP?: ambulation measurement to eliminate masked htn or white coat syndrome
  8. assessment of htn?: 2 office measurements on 2 separate visits, increased BP/ pedal edema, AV disease, renal vasc disease, hypercortisolism, thyroid disease
  9. htn meds?: ACE- pril ARB-sartan CCDB-pine BB-lol
  10. htn management?: salt restriction, smoke cessation, OSA management, ex- ercise
  1. hypoplastic LH syndrome?: The left ventricle is underdeveloped and too small. The mitral valves is not formed or is very small. The aortic valve is not formed or is very small. The ascending portion of the aorta is underdeveloped or is too small. *also have an atrial septal defect, which is a hole between the left and right upper chambers (atria) of the heart.
  2. what are the 3 fetal shunts?: Ductus arteriosus: protects lungs against circu- latory overload Ductus venosus: fetal blood vessel connecting the umbilical vein to the IVC Foramen ovale: shunts highly oxygenated blood from right atrium to left atrium.
  3. surgical procedures for shunt closure?: norwood- enlarge aorta, shunt to pulm art glenn-SVC connected to pulm art, norwood shunt removed fontan-IVC connected to pulm art
  4. s/s of PDA/ PFO (mixing low O2 and O2 rich blood): cyanotic, pallor, clam- my/sweaty, cool skin, SOB, high HR, poor pulses, poor feeding